Aracari

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Aracaris
Pale-mandibled aracari
Pteroglossus erythropygius
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Ramphastidae
Genus: Pteroglossus
Illiger, 1811
Species

14 (incl. the saffron toucanet), see text.

Synonyms
  • Beauharnaisius

An aracari or araçari (US: /ˌɑːrəˈsɑːri/ AH-rə-SAH-ree,[1] UK: /ˌærəˈsɑːri/ ARR-ə-SAH-ree, /-ˈkɑːri/ KAHR-ee)[2] is any of the medium-sized toucans that, together with the saffron toucanet, make up the genus Pteroglossus.

They are brightly plumaged and have enormous, contrastingly patterned bills. These birds are residents in forests and woodlands in the Neotropics.

Taxonomy and systematics

One species, the distinctive saffron toucanet, was formerly placed in the monotypic genus Baillonius, but Kimura et al. (2004) showed that it belongs in the genus Pteroglossus.[3]

Extant species

The genus Pteroglossus has fourteen species considered to belong to the genus:[4]

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Pteroglossus viridis Green aracari lowland forests of northeastern South America (the Guiana Shield), in the northeast Amazon Basin, the Guianas and the eastern Orinoco River drainage of Venezuela
Pteroglossus inscriptus Lettered aracari Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru
Pteroglossus bitorquatus Red-necked aracari Bolivia and Brazil
Pteroglossus azara Ivory-billed aracari Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
Pteroglossus mariae Brown-mandibled aracari Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru
Pteroglossus aracari Black-necked aracari Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Pteroglossus castanotis Chestnut-eared aracari Amazon Basin, Paraguay, Bolivia, southeastern Brazil and the extreme northeast of Argentina
Pteroglossus pluricinctus Many-banded aracari Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
Pteroglossus torquatus Collared aracari southern Mexico to Panama; also Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Costa Rica.
Pteroglossus sanguineus Stripe-billed aracari Colombia and Ecuador
Pteroglossus erythropygius Pale-mandibled aracari Ecuador and Peru
Pteroglossus frantzii Fiery-billed aracari southern Costa Rica and western Panama
Pteroglossus beauharnaesii Curl-crested aracari Amazon Basin
Pteroglossus bailloni Saffron toucanet Brazil

Former species

Some authorities, either presently or formerly, recognize additional species or subspecies as species belonging to the genus Pteroglossus including:

Behaviour and ecology

Some species of aracaris are unusual for toucans in that they roost socially throughout the year, up to six adults and fledged young sleeping in the same hole with tails folded over their backs.

Breeding

They are arboreal and nest in tree holes laying 2–4 white eggs.

Food and feeding

All the species are basically fruit-eating, but will take insects and other small prey.

Threats

The ischnoceran louse Austrophilopterus flavirostris is suspected to parasitize most if not all species of aracaris, with the possible exception of the green aracari (Price & Weckstein 2005).

References

  1. ^ "Aracari". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc.). Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  2. ^ "Definition for aracari". Oxford Dictionaries Online. Archived from the original on 2012-07-23. Retrieved 2012-04-20. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "South American Classification Committee". Merge Baillonius into Pteroglossus. Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2007-09-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Jacamars, puffbirds, toucans, barbets & honeyguides « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2017-02-20.
  5. ^ "Aulacorhynchus wagleri - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-24.
  6. ^ "Aulacorhynchus prasinus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-24.
  7. ^ "Aulacorhynchus albivitta - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-24.
  8. ^ "Aulacorhynchus atrogularis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-25.
  9. ^ "Aulacorhynchus sulcatus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-25.
  10. ^ "Aulacorhynchus haematopygus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-25.
  11. ^ "Selenidera piperivora - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  12. ^ "Selenidera reinwardtii - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  13. ^ "Selenidera reinwardtii langsdorffii - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  14. ^ "Selenidera nattereri - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  15. ^ "Selenidera gouldii - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  16. ^ "Selenidera maculirostris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  17. ^ "Andigena hypoglauca - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
  18. ^ "Andigena cucullata - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-29.
  19. ^ "Andigena nigrirostris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-29.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pteroglossus.
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