Armistice of Villa Giusti
The Armistice of Villa Giusti ended warfare between Italy and Austria-Hungary on the Italian Front during World War I. The armistice was signed on 3 November 1918 in the Villa Giusti, outside Padua in the Veneto, northern Italy, and took effect 24 hours later.[1]
By the end of October 1918, the Austro-Hungarian Army was so fatigued that its commanders were forced to seek a ceasefire.
In the final stage of the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, a stalemate was reached and the troops of Austria-Hungary started a chaotic withdrawal. From 28 October onwards, Austria-Hungary sought to negotiate a truce but hesitated to sign the text of armistice. In the meantime, the Italians reached Trento, Udine, and landed in Trieste. After the threat to break off negotiations, the Austro-Hungarians, on 3 November, accepted the terms.
The cease-fire would start at 3pm on 4 November, but a unilateral order of the Austro-Hungarian high command made its forces stop fighting on 3 November.
After the war, the Kingdom of Italy annexed the Southern Tyrol (now Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol), according to the secret Treaty of London terms as well as Trieste and the Austrian Littoral.
Signatories
Italy:
- Tenente Generale Pietro Badoglio
- Maggior Generale Scipione Scipioni
- Colonnello Tullio Marchetti
- Colonnello Pietro Gazzera
- Colonnello Pietro Maravigna
- Colonnello Alberto Pariani
- Capitano di Vascello Francesco Accinni
Austria-Hungary:
- General Viktor Weber Edler von Webenau
- Oberst Karl Schneller
- Fregattenkapitaen Johannes Prinz von und zu Liechtenstein
- Oberstleutnant J.V. Nyékhegyi
- Korvettenkapitaen Georg Ritter von Zwierkowski
- Oberstleutnant i.G. Victor Freiherr von Seiller
- Hauptmann i.G. Camillo Ruggera
See also
- Bollettino della Vittoria address of General Diaz to his troops and the nation after the Armistice of Villa Giusti
- For the Kingdom of Hungary's part in the peace settlement see; The Treaty of Trianon.
Further reading
References
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External links
- Treaties concluded in 1918
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- Military history of Italy during World War I
- Austria-Hungary in World War I
- World War I treaties
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- Peace treaties of Italy
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