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Remains of Arnold of Brescia burned at the stake at the hands of the Papal guards Arnoldists were a Proto-Protestant Christian movement in the 12th century, named after Arnold of Brescia , an advocate of ecclesiastical reform who criticized the great wealth and possessions of the Roman Catholic Church , while preaching against infant baptism and transubstantiation .[ 3] Paulicians (the term "Publicani" would be generally used for any heretic, even a political traitor, through Europe).[ 4]
The Arnoldists were condemned as heretics by Pope Lucius III in Ad abolendam Synod of Verona in 1184.
Arnoldists' tenets would later be addressed by Bonacursus of Milan , c. 1190, in his Manifestatio haeresis Catharorum , which refuted Arnoldist apostolic poverty and the incapacity of sinful priests to administer the sacraments.
400–1100 AD
1100–1400 AD
1400–1500 AD
Events Literature Other Italics indicate their inclusion to be controversial or disputed.
