Badumna
| Badumna | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Badumna longinqua | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Desidae |
| Genus: | Badumna Thorell, 1890[1] |
| Type species | |
| B. hirsuta Thorell, 1890
| |
| Species | |
|
16, see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Badumna is a genus of intertidal spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1890.[5] They are harmless spiders that can be found around human structures and buildings. The most well-known species is B. insignis, also known as the "black house spider" or "black window spider".[6]
Description
[edit]They are medium to large cribellate spiders. The carapace is pale brown to a darker brown in color, with long or small brown hairs being found besides smaller white hairs. The opisthosoma has a dark striping or spotting.[7]
Distribution
[edit]Most of the species are considered to be endemic in the Indo-Australian region, but some have been introduced elsewhere. B. longinqua is the only species introduced to North America, now found in urban areas along California's Pacific coast.[8] B. insignis has also been found in Japan, though it is thought it was introduced.[7]
Species
[edit]As of October 2022[update] it contains sixteen species:[1]
- Badumna arguta (Simon, 1906) – Australia (Queensland)
- Badumna bimetallica (Hogg, 1896) – Central Australia
- Badumna exilis Thorell, 1890 – Indonesia (Java)
- Badumna exsiccata (Strand, 1913) – Australia
- Badumna guttipes (Simon, 1906) – Australia (Victoria, Tasmania)
- Badumna hirsuta Thorell, 1890 (type) – Indonesia (Java)
- Badumna hygrophila (Simon, 1902) – Australia (Queensland)
- Badumna insignis (L. Koch, 1872) – Australia. Introduced to Japan, New Zealand
- Badumna longinqua (L. Koch, 1867) – Eastern Australia. Introduced to USA (Coastal Florida and California),[8] Mexico, Uruguay, Japan, New Zealand
- Badumna maculata (Rainbow, 1916) – Australia (Queensland)
- Badumna microps (Simon, 1908) – Australia (Western Australia)
- Badumna pilosa (Hogg, 1900) – Australia (Victoria)
- Badumna scalaris (L. Koch, 1872) – Australia (Queensland, central Australia)
- Badumna senilella (Strand, 1907) – Australia
- Badumna socialis (Rainbow, 1905) – Australia (New South Wales)
- Badumna tangae Zhu, Zhang & Yang, 2006 – China
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Gen. Badumna Thorell, 1890". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
- ^ a b Lehtinen, P. T. (1967). "Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorpha". Annales Zoologici Fennici. 4: 215–228.
- ^ Marples, R. R. (1959). "The dictynid spiders of New Zealand". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 87: 335.
- ^ Gray, M. R. (1983). "The taxonomy of the semi-communal spiders commonly referred to the species Ixeuticus candidus (L. Koch) with notes on the genera Phryganoporus, Ixeuticus and Badumna (Araneae, Amaurobioidea)". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 106: 249.
- ^ Thorell, T. (1890). "Studi sui ragni Malesi e Papuani. IV, 1". Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. 28: 5–421.
- ^ "Desis - Long-jawed intertidal spiders or lace web spiders". Spiders of Australia. 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2019-04-13.
- ^ a b Zhu, Ming-Sheng; Zhang, Zhi-Sheng; Yang, Zi-Zhong (2006). "Discovery of the spider family Desidae (Araneae) in South China, with description of a new species of the genus Badumna Thorell, 1890". Zootaxa. 1172: 43. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1172.1.4. Retrieved October 22, 2022.
- ^ a b "Genus Badumna". BugGuide. Retrieved 2019-05-31.