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A Bills horse trough in St Arnaud, Victoria

Bills horse troughs are watering troughs that were manufactured in Australia and installed to provide relief for working horses in the first half of the twentieth century. The troughs were financed by a trust fund established through the will of George Bills. A total of around 700 troughs were distributed by the trust in Australia and 50 in several other countries.[1]

George and Annis Bills

George Bills was born in Brighton in England in 1859.[2] He migrated with his family to New Zealand and subsequently to Echuca, Victoria in Australia in 1873.[2] In 1882 he opened a bird dealers shop in Brisbane, where he met and married Annis Swann who had immigrated from Sheffield in England.[2] In 1884 the couple moved to Sydney and George Bills went into business with his brothers, manufacturing innerspring mattresses.[2] In 1908, George retired to Hawthorn, Victoria and in 1910, Annis died while the couple were visiting England.[2] George became a Life Governor of the RSPCA in 1924.[3]

Trust fund

A Bills horse trough on the roadside at Newtown, Victoria

George and Annis had no children, and following the death of George in 1927, a trust fund was set up, believed to be around ₤70-80,000.[2] One of the purposes of the trust, as set out in George Bills' will, was to:

"..construct and erect and pay for horse troughs wherever they may be of the opinion that such horse troughs are desirable for the relief of horses and other dumb animals either in Australasia, in the British Islands or in any other part of the world subject to the consent of the proper authorities being obtained."[3]

Each trough cost ₤13 plus transport and installation .[2] The majority of the troughs were installed in Victoria and New South Wales between 1930 and 1939.[2]

Initially the troughs were individually designed and constructed, however by the early 1930s, J.B. Phillips, a relative of the Bills, became the head contractor. Working to a standard design he produced the troughs in Auburn Road in Hawthorn.[3] The troughs were pre-cast concrete with a curved pediment with the inscription "Donated by Annis & George Bills Australia".[3]

Manufacture was subsequently handled by Rocla, who produced troughs to the same design in Victoria and later in Junee in New South Wales.[3] With the rise of motorised transport, demand for the troughs declined and production had ceased by the end of World War II.[3]

Aside from the horse troughs, the trust was involved with other animal welfare projects including the establishment of the George Bills RSPCA Rescue Centre at Burwood East, Victoria which opened in 1964.[2]

See also

A rare Bills trough in Tunbridge Wells, one of only three identified in England. The others are in Englefield Green in northern Surrey and in Tilehurst, Reading.[2]

References

  1. ^ "'History of the George and Annis Bills Horse Troughs', together with research notes, ca. 1983". Collection Reference Details. State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Gemmill, George. "Bills Horse Troughs". Retrieved 2008-11-13.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Annis and George Bills' Horse Trough" (PDF). Latrobe City Heritage Study 2005. pp. 126–167. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
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