Bus duct
| Electrical installations |
|---|
| Wiring practice by region or country |
| Regulation of electrical installations |
| Cabling and accessories |
| Switching and protection devices |
In electrical power distribution, a bus duct (also called busway), is a sheet metal duct containing either copper or aluminium busbars for the purpose of conducting a substantial current of electricity. It is an alternative means of conducting electricity to power cables or cable bus.
Originally a busway consisted of bare copper conductors supported on inorganic insulators, such as porcelain, mounted within a non-ventilated steel housing.[1]
History
Busways were produced due to request of the automotive industry in Detroit in the late 1920s. Since that time, busways improved and became an integrated part of secondary network for industrial plants.[1]
Construction
Similar to cable tray, bus ducts have thicker, cold-formed steel side rails and thinner sheet metal coverings. Busbars inside may be separated with distinct and even gaps between them, or “sandwiched” together.
Typically, individual busbars are wrapped or coated with a non-conducting, covalent material, such as plastic or (in older systems) electrical tape.
At the connection point, busbars flare out to enable connection to the next segment.
Use and application
Bus ducts are used in commercial and industrial settings, both indoors and outdoors. Manufacturers deliver them assembled in large segments for electrical contractors to connect and support.
A plug-in bus duct system or busway can have disconnect switches and other devices mounted on it, for example, to distribute power along a long building. Many forms of busway allow plug-in devices such as switches and motor starters to be easily moved; this provides flexibility for changes on an assembly line,for example.[2]
Feeder busway is used to interconnect equipment, such as between a transformer and a switchgear line up. A variant type is low-impedance busway, which is designed to have lower voltage drop by virtue of close spacing of bus bars, which reduces inductive reactance.
A trolley busway provides power to equipment that must be frequently moved. The busway is open at the bottom, and a movable collector assembly "trolley" is used to connect between the fixed bus bars in the busway and the cable connected to moving equipment.[2] Bus ducts are building service penetrants that are required to be externally firestopped where they penetrate fire separations required to have a fire-resistance rating. Any internal firestops that are supplied by the manufacturer may be tested as integral components to either UL857 or IEEE C37.23 for North American models, and then via ASTM E814, UL1479 or ULC-S115. Bus duct-internal firestops mitigate the transmission of internal fires, smoke and heat between fire compartments through the combustion of bus duct-internal covalent wrappings, spacers and brackets.
See also
References
- ^ a b "IEEE 3001.5-2013 - IEEE Recommended Practice for the Application of Power Distribution Apparatus in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems". The IEEE Standards Association. 2013-12-11. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
- ^ a b Terrel Croft, Wilford Summers (ed)American Electricians Handbook Eleventh Edition, McGraw-Hill 1987, ISBN 0-07013932-6, pages 9-114 through 9-132
External links
- Merriam Webster Definition of Bus Duct
- YouTube Bus Duct Installation
- YouTube Bus Duct Construction and Installation
- Underwriters Laboratories Standard UL857 abstract
- IEEE C37.23 Standard For Metal Enclosed Bus
- Interpretations for IEEE Std C37.23-1987 IEEE Guide for Metal-Enclosed Bus and Calculating Losses in Isolated-Phase Bus
- IEEE P3004.7 - Recommended Practice for the Protection of Power Cables and Busway Used in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
- IEEE Busway Short Circuit Testing Procedures
- IEEE Mathematical model of high voltage sandwich bus duct
- UL Certification Listing C-BJ-8028, Firestop Configurations C & D show examples of external bus duct through-penetration firestopping