Buzludzha
| Buzludzha | |
|---|---|
| Бузлуджа | |
| File:VARNA 314.jpg | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,441 m (4,728 ft)[1] |
| Coordinates | 42°44′8.88″N 25°23′37.68″E / 42.7358000°N 25.3938000°E |
| Geography | |
  Buzludzha Location in Bulgaria | |
| Location | Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria |
| Parent range | Balkan Mountains |
Buzludzha (Template:Lang-bg, derived from Turkish icy) is a historical peak in the Central Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria. The mountain is located to the east of the Shipka Pass near the town of Kazanlak and is a site of historical importance. The peak is 1,441 metres (4,728 feet) high.[1] It was renamed to Hadzhi Dimitar (Хаджи Димитър) in 1942 but remains popularly known as Buzludzha.[1] The summit is built up of limestone and granite. Its slopes are covered with grassy vegetation; its foothills and the neighbouring peaks sustain beech forests.[1]
History
In 1868 it was the place of the final battle between Bulgarian rebels led by Hadzhi Dimitar and Stefan Karadzha[2] and forces of the Ottoman Empire. On 31 July Hadji Dimitar and a band of 30 chetniks fought a losing battle against 700 Ottoman troops; only four Bulgarians survived.[3] Their action served as an inspiration for the Liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottomans ten years later; the decisive battle of that conflict was fought a few miles away at the Shipka Pass. The battle of Buzludzha inspired the renown Bulgarian poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev to write the poem "Hadzhi Dimitar":
He who falls while fighting to be free
can never die: for him the sky
and earth, the trees and beasts shall keen,
to him the minstrel's song shall rise…[4]
In 1891 the mountain was the site chosen for the first congress of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers Party (later the Bulgarian Communist Party) led by Dimitar Blagoev. In 1944 the peak was the scene of fighting between Communist partisans and Bulgarian fascist forces when the latter were attacked whilst operating there.[5]
Following a desire for a national monument at the peak to commemorate these events (proposed as early as 1898) the Buzludzha Monument was built between 1971 and 1981, by public subscription.[6] The site has several other monuments to its history: A statue of Hadzi Dimitar, a relief of the 1891 Congress, and a monument to the partisans who fought there in 1944.
Travel
Buzludzha can be reached by two side roads from the Shipka Pass:[7] either a 16 km (10 mi) road from Kazanlak in the south or a 12 km (7 mi) road from Gabrovo on the north side of the mountain.
See also
Citations
- ^ a b c d Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 516
- ^ The Rough Guide to Bulgaria. Rough Guides. 2002. pp. 302. ISBN 978-1-85828-882-6.
- ^ The Battle of Buzludzha at shipka museum.org; retrieved 26 July 2018 (Bulgarian)
- ^ "Hristo Botev: "Hadzhi Dimitar"". Literary Club. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- ^ The Mountain at buzludzha-monument.com; retrieved 26 July 2018
- ^ History at buzludzha-monument.com; retrieved 26 July 2018
- ^ The Rough Guide to Bulgaria (2008) ISBN 978-1-85828-068-4 p. 297
References
- Мичев (Michev), Николай (Nikolay); Михайлов (Mihaylov), Цветко (Tsvetko); Вапцаров (Vaptsarov), Иван (Ivan); Кираджиев (Kiradzhiev), Светлин (Svetlin) (1980). Географски речник на България [Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). София (Sofia): Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura).