Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)
Identifiers
CAS Number	14243-64-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	62872670 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.636
EC Number	238-117-6;
PubChem CID	10874691;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40931445 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H15P.Au.ClH/c1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18;;/h1-15H;;1H/q;+1;/p-1 [pubchem] Key: IFPWCRBNZXUWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-M ;
	SMILES C1=CC=C(C=C1)P(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3.Cl[Au];
Properties
Chemical formula	C18H15AuClP
Molar mass	494.71 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless solid
Density	1.97 g/cm3
Melting point	236–237 °C (457–459 °F; 509–510 K)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) is the coordination complex with the formula (Ph₃P)AuCl. This colorless solid is a common reagent for research on gold compounds.

Preparation and structure

The complex is prepared by reducing chloroauric acid with triphenylphosphine in 95% ethanol:^[1]^[2]

HAuCl₄ + H₂O + 2 PPh₃ → (Ph₃P)AuCl + Ph₃PO + 3 HCl

The complex adopts a linear coordination geometry, which is typical of most gold(I) compounds.^[3] It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁ with a = 12.300(4) Å, b = 13.084(4) Å, c = 10.170(3) Å with Z = 4 formula units per unit cell. ^[4]

Reactivity

Many related, charge-neutral gold complexes (often incorrectly called salts) are known. These including the trifluoromethanesulfonate and the nitrate derivatives of chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I).^[5] Triphenylphosphine gold triflate (Ph₃PAuOTf) catalyzes certain rearrangement reactions of interest in organic synthesis. Another popular Au(I) reagent is AuCl(THT), where THT = tetrahydrothiophene.^[6]

References

^ Pierre Braunstein, Hans Lehner, Dominique Matt "A Platinum-Gold Cluster: Chloro-¹κ^Cl-Bis(Triethylphosphine-¹κ^P)Bis(Triphenylphosphine)-2κP, 3κP-Triangulo- Digold-Platinum(1 +) Trifluoromethanesulfonate" Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, Volume 27, Pages 218–221. doi:10.1002/9780470132586.ch42
^ "Synthesis of Gold-Containing Mixed-Metal Cluster Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 26: 324–328. 1989. doi:10.1002/9780470132579.ch59. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
^ Baenziger, N. C.; Bennett, W. E.; Soborofe, D. M. (1976). "Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 32 (3): 962. doi:10.1107/S0567740876004330.
^ Borissova, Alexandra O.; Korlyukov, Alexander A.; Antipin, Mikhail Yu.; Lyssenko, Konstantin A. (2008). "Estimation of Dissociation Energy in Donor−Acceptor Complex AuCl·PPh3via Topological Analysis of the Experimental Electron Density Distribution Function". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 112 (46): 11519–22. doi:10.1021/jp807258d. PMID 18959385.
^ A. M. Mueting, B. D. Alexander, P. D. Boyle, A. L. Casalnuovo, L. N. Ito, B. J. Johnson, L. H. Pignolet "Mixed-Metal-Gold Phosphine Cluster Compounds" Inorganic Syntheses, 1992, Volume 29, Pages 279–298, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132609.ch63
^ "(Tetrahydrothiophene)Gold(I) or Gold(III) Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 26: 85–91. 1989. doi:10.1002/9780470132579.ch17. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)

[1] Pierre Braunstein, Hans Lehner, Dominique Matt "A Platinum-Gold Cluster: Chloro-¹κ^Cl-Bis(Triethylphosphine-¹κ^P)Bis(Triphenylphosphine)-2κP, 3κP-Triangulo- Digold-Platinum(1 +) Trifluoromethanesulfonate" Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, Volume 27, Pages 218–221. doi:10.1002/9780470132586.ch42

[2] "Synthesis of Gold-Containing Mixed-Metal Cluster Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 26: 324–328. 1989. doi:10.1002/9780470132579.ch59. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)

[3] Baenziger, N. C.; Bennett, W. E.; Soborofe, D. M. (1976). "Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 32 (3): 962. doi:10.1107/S0567740876004330.

[4] Borissova, Alexandra O.; Korlyukov, Alexander A.; Antipin, Mikhail Yu.; Lyssenko, Konstantin A. (2008). "Estimation of Dissociation Energy in Donor−Acceptor Complex AuCl·PPh3via Topological Analysis of the Experimental Electron Density Distribution Function". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 112 (46): 11519–22. doi:10.1021/jp807258d. PMID 18959385.

[5] A. M. Mueting, B. D. Alexander, P. D. Boyle, A. L. Casalnuovo, L. N. Ito, B. J. Johnson, L. H. Pignolet "Mixed-Metal-Gold Phosphine Cluster Compounds" Inorganic Syntheses, 1992, Volume 29, Pages 279–298, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132609.ch63

[6] "(Tetrahydrothiophene)Gold(I) or Gold(III) Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 26: 85–91. 1989. doi:10.1002/9780470132579.ch17. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)

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