1991 Crimean autonomy referendum
Do you support re-establishing the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic as a subject of the Union SSR and a participant of the Union Treaty? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This article is part of a series on the politics and government of |
| Crimea |
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 |
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Autonomous Republic of Crimea (within Ukraine, 1991–present) |
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Republic of Crimea (territory occupied by Russia 2014–present) |
| See also |
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Political status of Crimea Politics of Russia • Politics of Ukraine |
A referendum on sovereignty was held in the Crimean Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR on 20 January 1991[1] two months before the 1991 All-Union referendum. Voters were asked whether they wanted to re-establish the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which had been abolished in 1945. The proposal was approved by 94% of voters.
Background
The Crimean ASSR was originally created in 1921, as part of the Russian SFSR in the Soviet Union.[2] Crimea was invaded by Nazi Germany during World War II, and when the region was reclaimed by the USSR in 1944, the Crimean Tatars, Armenians, Bulgarians and Greeks were deported to central Asia under the pretext of alleged collaboration with the German occupiers.[3][4] The ASSR was abolished and Crimea became an oblast.[5] On 5 February 1954 it was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR.[5]
The key difference between being an Oblast and an Autonomous Republic that suggested the referendum lies in republics being parties of New Union Treaty and according to the contemporary laws on quitting from the USSR could decide on their own whether to remain within the leaving Soviet Republic or remain in the USSR. The Crimean ASSR could not evaluate that right during Dissolution of the Soviet Union later.
Results
| Choice | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| For | 1,343,825 | 94.30 |
| Against | 81,254 | 5.70 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 15,910 | – |
| Total | 1,441,019 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,770,841 | 81.37 |
| Source: KIA News | ||
Aftermath
Following the referendum, the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR passed the law "On Restoration of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialistic Republic" on 12 February 1991. By this law it became an autonomous republic within Ukraine.
References
- ^ Crimean Tatars: Reflections On “Autonomy” Day UNPO
- ^ Sergei Lavrov defends Russia's position on Ukraine Euronews, 3 March 2014
- ^ Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence. "Sürgün: The Crimean Tatars' deportation and exile - Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence". Massviolence.org. Retrieved 2014-02-27.
- ^ To understand Crimea, take a look back at its complicated history The Washington Post, 27 February 2014
- ^ a b Maria Drohobycky (1995) Crimea: Dynamics, Challenges and Prospects, Rowman & Littlefield, p40
