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Dirk Schulze-Makuch

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Dirk Schulze-Makuch
Dirk Schulze-Makuch in December 2010
Born (1964-01-29) 29 January 1964 (age 60)
Giessen, Germany
NationalityAmerican
Alma materJustis-Liebig-University Giessen
Known for(with L.N. Irwin) Life in the Universe (book)
AwardsFriedrich-Wilhelm Bessel Award (2010)
Scientific career
FieldsAstrobiology
Geology
InstitutionsTechnical University, Berlin
German Aerospace Centre, Berlin
Washington State University
University of Texas at El Paso
University of Wisconsin
Justis-Liebig-University Giessen Germany

Dirk Schulze-Makuch (born 1964) is a professor at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Washington State University. He is best known for his publications on extraterrestrial life, being coauthor of four books on the topic: A One Way Mission to Mars: Colonizing the Red Planet (2011), We Are Not Alone: Why We Have Already Found Extraterrestrial Life (2010), Cosmic Biology: How Life could Evolve on Other Worlds (2010), and Life in the Universe: Expectations and Constraints (2004, 2008). In 2012 he published with David Darling Megacatastrophes! Nine Strange Ways the World Could End. In 2013 he published the second edition of his science fiction novel Alien Encounter. Together with Paul Davies he proposed in 2010 exploration of Mars by a one-way trip to the planet.[1]

Education and career

His upbringing was in Giessen, Germany, where he received his Diplom-Degree (M.S.) in Geology from Justus Liebig University in 1991. In 1996 he obtained his Ph.D. in Geosciences from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. After having worked as Senior Project Hydrogeologist at Envirogen, a Princeton-based research and consulting firm, for which he investigated subsurface hydrocarbon spills, he became in 1997 Adjunct Professor at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. In 1998 he joined the University of Texas at El Paso as assistant professor, investigating microbe and chemical transport in groundwater, and microbial interaction in a planetary environment. From there he joined Washington State University in 2004: first as Associate Professor, since 2010 as Professor at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, with focus on astrobiology and planetary habitability.

Scientific research

Schulze-Makuch's research interests and publications range from astrobiology,[2][3][4] hydrobiology,[5][6] archeology,[7][8] to cancer.[9] To the viewer he may be best known for his work in astrobiology,[10][11][12][13][14] in particular the possible existence of life on Venus,[15][16] Mars,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Titan,[26][27] Europa[28][29][30] and Io.[31] His book Life in the Universe (with L. N. Irwin) considers alternative physiologies for extraterrestrial life.

Patents

Removal of Biological Pathogens Using Surfactant Modified Zeolite. Patent No. US 7,311,839 B2. Date of patent: dec. 25, 2007.[32]

Awards

Friedrich-Wilhelm Bessel Award (2010) by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

Media activity

The work of Schulze-Makuch has received much attention. It has been the subject of TV programs on the BBC, the National Geographic and the Discovery Channel, and of numerous articles in magazines such as New Scientist, The Guardian and Der Spiegel.

Works

Academic books

  • Life in the Universe: Expectations and Constraints (with L.N. Irwin) (2nd ed.) (2008) ISBN 978-3-540-76816-6
  • Life in the Universe: Expectations and Constraints (with L.N. Irwin) (2004) ISBN 978-3-540-76816-6
  • How To Develop The Solar System and Beyond: A Roadmap to Interstellar Space (with A. Sinclair and six more authors) (2012) ASIN B009KWNO02
  • Megacatastrophes! Nine Strange Ways the World Could End (with D. Darling) (2012) ISBN 978-1-85168-905-7
  • A One Way Mission to Mars: Colonizing the Red Planet (with P. Davies and ten more authors; J.S. Levine, editor) (2011) ISBN 978-0-9829552-4-6
  • We Are Not Alone: Why We Have Already Found Extraterrestrial Life (with D. Darling) (2010) ISBN 978-1-85168-719-0
  • Cosmic Biology: How Life Could Evolve on Other Worlds (with L.N. Irwin) (2010) ISBN 978-1-4419-1646-4

Science fiction novel

  • Alien Encounter: A Scientific Novel (2nd ed.) (2013) ISBN 3319019600
  • Voids of Eternity: Alien Encounter (2009) ISBN 978-0-615-27540-6

References

  1. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D.; Davies, P. (2010). "To Boldly Go: A One-Way Human Mission to Mars". Journal of Cosmology. 12: 3619–3626.
  2. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D., Irwin, L.N., and Fairen, A.G. (2013). "Drastic environmental change and its effects on a planetary biosphere". Icarus. 225 (1): 775. Bibcode:2013Icar..225..775S. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.05.001.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. and Davila, A.F. (2010). "Searching for Life Beyond our Planet: Are We There Yet?". Eos. 91 (32): 280. Bibcode:2010EOSTr..91..280S. doi:10.1029/2010EO320004.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ McKay, C.P., Schulze-Makuch, D., Boston, P.J., ten Kate, I.L., Davila, A.F., and Shocks, E. (2011). "The next phase in our search for life — An expert discussion". Astrobiology. 11. doi:10.1089/ast.2011.1122.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. and Cherkauer, D.S. (1998). "Variations in hydraulic conductivity with scale of measurement during aquifer tests in heterogeneous, porous carbonate rocks". Hydrogeology Journal. 6 (2): 204–215. Bibcode:1998HydJ....6..204S. doi:10.1007/s100400050145.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Abdel-Fattah, A., Langford, R., and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2007). "Applications of particle-tracking techniques to bank infiltration: a case study from El Paso, Texas, USA". Environmental Geology. 11 (3): 505. Bibcode:2008EnGeo..55..505A. doi:10.1007/s00254-007-0996-z.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. (1992). "Rammner's Current Line Perturbation Method as used to prospect in an early Roman Marching-Camp". Journal of Applied Geosciences. 11: 75–86.
  8. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. (1996). "Survey of the outline of an early Roman Marching Camp in Germany by Rammner's Current Line Perturbation Method". Journal of Archaeological Science. 23 (6): 883–887. doi:10.1006/jasc.1996.0083.
  9. ^ António, M.R.S. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2009). "The immune system as key to cancer treatment: triggering its activity with microbial agents". Bioscience Hypotheses. 2 (6): 388–392. doi:10.1016/j.bihy.2009.08.003.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Irwin, L.N. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2001). "Assessing the plausibility of life on other worlds". Astrobiology. 1 (2): 143–160. Bibcode:2001AsBio...1..143I. doi:10.1089/153110701753198918. PMID 12467118.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D., and Irwin, L.N. (2006). "The prospect of alien life in exotic forms on other worlds". Naturwissenschaften. 93 (4): 155–172. Bibcode:2006NW.....93..155S. doi:10.1007/s00114-005-0078-6. PMID 16525788.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Shapiro, R.S. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2009). "The search for alien life in our solar system: strategies and priorities". Astrobiology. 9 (4): 335–343. Bibcode:2009AsBio...9..335S. doi:10.1089/ast.2008.0281.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Brooks, H. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2010). "The Solar Wind Power Satellite as an alternative to a traditional Dyson Sphere and its implications for remote detection". International Journal of Astrobiology. 9 (2): 89–99. Bibcode:2010IJAsB...9...89H. doi:10.1017/S1473550410000066.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ António, M.R.S. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2010). "The power of social structure: how we became an intelligent lineage". International Journal of Astrobiology. 10 (1): 15–23. Bibcode:2011IJAsB..10...15D. doi:10.1017/s1473550410000169.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. and Irwin, L.N. (2002). "Reassessing the possibility of life on Venus: Proposal for an Astrobiology Mission". Astrobiology. 2 (2): 197–202. Bibcode:2002AsBio...2..197S. doi:10.1089/15311070260192264.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D., Grinspoon, D.H., Abbas, O., Irwin, L.N. and Bullock, M. (2004). "A sulfur-based UV adaptation strategy for putative phototrophic life in the Venusian atmosphere". Astrobiology. 4: 11–18. Bibcode:2004AsBio...4...11S. doi:10.1089/153110704773600203.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ Fairen, A.G., and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2013). "The overprotection of Mars". Nature Geoscience. 6: 510. Bibcode:2013NatGe...6..510F. doi:10.1038/ngeo1866.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ Dohm, J.M; et al. (2009). "New evidence for a magmatic influence on the origin of Valles Marineris, Mars". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 185: 12–27. Bibcode:2009JVGR..185...12D. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.11.029.
  19. ^ Fan, C., Schulze-Makuch, D., Xie, H., and Lu, N. (2009). "Investigation of water signatures at gully-exposed sites on Mars by hyperspectral image analysis". Planetary and Space Science. 57 (93–104): 1. arXiv:0810.1560. Bibcode:2009P&SS...57....1G. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.09.014.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ Fairén, A.G.; et al. (2009). "Evidence for Amazonian acidic liquid water on Mars: a reinterpretation of MER mission results". Planetary and Space Science. 57 (3): 276–287. Bibcode:2009P&SS...57..276F. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.11.008.
  21. ^ Houtkooper, J.M., and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2009). "Possibilities for the detection of hydrogen peroxide-water based life on Mars by the Phoenix Lander". Planetary and Space Science. 57 (4): 449–453. Bibcode:2009P&SS...57..449H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.08.018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ Davila, A.F., Skidmore, M., Fairén, A.G., Cockell, C., and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2010). "New priorities in the robotic exploration of Mars: The case for in situ search of extant life". Astrobiology. 10 (7): 705–710. Bibcode:2010AsBio..10..705D. doi:10.1089/ast.2010.0538.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ Fairén, A.G.; et al. (2010). "Noachian and more recent phyllosilicates in impact craters on Mars". PNAS. 107 (4): 12, 095–12, 100. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107...12C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0912404107.
  24. ^ Fan, C., Xie, H., Schulze-Makuch, D., and Ackley, S. (2010). "A formation mechanism for hematite-rich spherules on Mars". Planetary and Space Science. 58 (3): 401–410. Bibcode:2010P&SS...58..401F. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2009.11.001.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. ^ Houtkooper, J.M. and Schulze-Makuch, D.; Schulze-Makuch (2010). "Do perchlorates have a role for Martian life?". Journal of Cosmology. 5: 930–939. Bibcode:2010JCos....5..930H.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  26. ^ Abbas, S.H. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2007). "Synthesis of biologically important precursors on Titan". Journal of Scientific Exploration. 21 (4): 673–687.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ Abbas, S.H., Schulze-Makuch, D. (2009). "Plausible organic synthesis on Titan's surface". ASP Conference Series. 420: 183–186.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. ^ Irwin, L.N. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2003). "Strategy for modeling putative ecosystems on Europa". Astrobiology. 3 (4): 813–821. Bibcode:2003AsBio...3..813I. doi:10.1089/153110703322736114.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  29. ^ Figueredo, P.H., Greeley, R., Neuer, S., Irwin, L.N., and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2003). "Locating potential biosignatures on Europa from surface geology observations". Astrobiology. 3 (4): 851–861. Bibcode:2003AsBio...3..851F. doi:10.1089/153110703322736132.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ Abbas, S. and Schulze-Makuch, D. (2008). ". Amino acid synthesis in Europa's subsurface environment". International Journal of Astrobiology. 7 (3–4): 193–203. Bibcode:2008IJAsB...7..193A. doi:10.1017/S1473550408004114.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ Schulze-Makuch, D. (2010). "Io: Is life possible between fire and ice?". Journal of Cosmology. 5: 912–919. Bibcode:2010JCos....5..912S.
  32. ^ "Patent US7311839 - Removal of biological pathogens using surfactant-modified zeolite - Google Patents". Google.com. Retrieved 2013-04-22.

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