Draft:Al-Khalis River

Al-Khalis River
Location
Country	Iraq

Al-Khalis River is one of the principal irrigation rivers of the eastern Baghdad countryside, flowing between Nahrawan and the Tigris River. It meets the Tigris north of Baghdad, below Rashidiya. The Khalis River historically originated from a bifurcation on the right bank of the Nahrawan River, situated in the vicinity of Bajsri. The river then flows in a southerly direction between Nahrawan and the Tigris, subsequently entering the Tigris north of the eastern city of Baghdad, just above the village of al-Bardan. Ibn Sarabiyun provided a detailed description of the Al-Khalis River, noting that it is a significant waterway that facilitates maritime navigation, traversing between numerous settlements. After traversing a considerable distance, the river ultimately flows into the Tigris River, situated approximately two leagues (equivalent to ten kilometers) east of Rashidiya, below the Tigris.

In his historical account, Nuwayri states that "a river called Nahr al-Fadl is carried from Al-Khalis River until it reaches Bab al-Shamasiyah. At this point, a river called Nahr al-Mahdi is taken and enters the city via a street known as Mahdi Street. Subsequently, the river proceeds to the Bardan Bridge, where it enters the Rumiyan House and subsequently exits to the Nasr bin Malik Suiqa. It then traverses Rusafa, passing through the Mosque of the Mosque until it reaches Bustan Hafs, where it flows into a pool situated within Al-Rusafa Palace. From this river, a tributary is conveyed initially in the Nasr Suiqa, subsequently in the median of Bab Khurasan Street until it discharges into the Nahr al-Fadl at Bab Khurasan."

In his book Ghadh al-Maram, the historian Yasin Khairallah al-Omari states that the Khalis River is a tributary of the Tigris, which is considered a sacred river due to its role in agriculture and the establishment of settlements along its course. These include the villages of Dukhla, Yankjah, Sukran, Luqman, and Habhab.