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English Heritage

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Template:Infobox public organisation

File:ENGLISH HERITAGE UK Road.png
Brown Tourist Sign Locating English Heritage sites

English Heritage (officially the Historic Building and Monuments Commission for England).[1] is a non-departmental public body of the British Government with a broad remit of managing the historic built environment of England. It is currently sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Simon Thurley has been chief executive since 2002.

It was set up under the terms of the National Heritage Act 1983. Its functions for maintaining ancient monuments had previously been undertaken by part of the Department of the Environment which was the successor to the Ministry of Works. The 1983 Act also dissolved the bodies that had hitherto provided independent advice — the Ancient Monuments Board for England and the Historic Buildings Council for England and incorporated these functions in the new body. Another advisory body, the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England (RCHME) was not merged with English Heritage until 1 April 1999.[2]

English Heritage's best known role is as the steward of over 400 significant historical and archaeological sites, from Stonehenge to the world's earliest iron bridge. In 2007/08 5.3 million visits were paid to staffed English Heritage properties.[3] It also has major responsibilities in conservation, giving advice, registering and protecting the historic environment. It also maintains a public archive, the National Monuments Record (NMR).

Domain

By caring for the built environment, English Heritage complements the work of Natural England which aims to protect the natural environment. Both advise the relevant Secretary of State on policy and in individual cases such as registering Listed buildings and Scheduled Ancient Monuments in EH's case. English Heritage has direct ownership over some historic sites and also liaises with private owners of sites that are managed under guardianship arrangements.

English Heritage describes itself in these terms:

"English Heritage is the Government's statutory adviser on the historic environment. Officially known as the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England, English Heritage is an Executive Non-departmental Public Body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). Our powers and responsibilities are set out in the National Heritage Act (1983) and today we report to Parliament through the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport."

English Heritage is a quango with funding derived from taxation. At some of its properties it charges admission fees to supplement its government funding. In 2007/08 it generated income of £49 million, received government grants of £137 million and spent £172 million.[4]

Membership

Members of the public are able, and encouraged, to join English Heritage. Membership confers benefits such as free admission to its properties. In 2007/08 membership was 665,000.[5] Members do not obtain voting rights on policy matters, but are invited to consultations and web-based surveys to give views on specific issues, most notably in recent years, about the Stonehenge road tunnel project proposals.

Images of England

Main article: Images of England

Images of England is an English Heritage project intended to create a freely accessible online database of the 370,000 listed properties in England. Each database entry includes a representative photograph and a description of the building written by an expert architectural historian.

Controversies

English Heritage sites in Cornwall

In 1999 there was some controversy regarding sites in Cornwall under the care of English Heritage. The pressure group, the Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament wrote to English Heritage asking them to remove all signs bearing their name from Cornish sites by July 1999 as they regard the ancient sites as Cornish heritage, not English. Over eleven months members of the Cornish Stannary removed 18 signs and a letter was sent to English Heritage saying "The signs have been confiscated and held as evidence of English cultural aggression in Cornwall. Such racially motivated signs are deeply offensive and cause distress to many Cornish people". On January 18, 2002, at Truro Crown Court, after the prosecution successfully applied for a Public Immunity Certificate in order to suppress defence evidence (these are normally issued in cases involving national security), three members of the group agreed to return the signs and pay £4,500 in compensation to English Heritage and to be bound over to keep the peace. In return, the prosecution dropped charges of conspiracy to cause criminal damage.[6]

Many English Heritage signs in Cornwall have been defaced or removed entirely.[citation needed]

Fortress House

The former (now demolished) London headquarters of English Heritage at 23 Savile Row

In 2006, The Secretary of State at the DCMS issued a certificate of exemption from listing for Fortress House, the then English Heritage headquarters.[7] In 2009, it was demolished and the site redeveloped for a commercial office building.[8]

Central London High Rise Development

English Heritage is often criticised by property developers and citizens for being 'anti-progressive' in the way it treats high rise development in central London [9]. This has been apparent with numerous new buildings - most notably skyscrapers such as The Shard, and the Heron Tower.

Equivalent organisations

See also

English Heritage plaque marking the former London residence of guitarist Jimi Hendrix

References

  1. ^ Who We Are About Us English Heritage
  2. ^ Conservation Bulletin, Issue 35, April 1999
  3. ^ English Heritage annual report 2007/08, page 14.
  4. ^ English Heritage annual report 2007/08, page 42-45.
  5. ^ English Heritage annual report 2007/08, page 14.
  6. ^ BBC news January 2002 — Historic signs case trio bound over
  7. ^ http://www.c20society.org.uk/casework/reports/2006/fortress-house-threatened.html
  8. ^ http://www.macegroup.com/projects/project-library/23-savile-row
  9. ^ http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23561883-commentary-english-heritage-is-taking-on-its-paymasters.do
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