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Ferdinand IV of Castile

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Ferdinand IV
Ferdinand in the Compendio de reyes
King of Castile and León
Reign25 April 1295 – 7 September 1312
PredecessorSancho IV
SuccessorAlfonso XI
Born(1285-12-06)6 December 1285
Seville
Died7 September 1312(1312-09-07) (aged 26)
Jaén
Burial
Royal Collegiate Church of Saint Hippolytus
ConsortConstance of Portugal
IssueEleanor, Queen of Aragon
Alfonso XI, King of Castile
HouseHouse of Ivrea Burgundy
FatherSancho IV, King of Castile
MotherMaría de Molina
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Ferdinand IV of Castile (6 December 1285 – 7 September 1312) called the Summoned (el Emplazado), was a king of Castile (1295–1312) and León and Galicia (1301–1312). He was a son of Sancho El Bravo and his wife Maria de Molina.

Life

His strange title is given to him in the chronicles because of a story in which he tyrannically puts to death two brothers named Carvajal, and was given a time (plazo) by them in which to answer for his crime in the next world. But the tale is not contemporary, and is an obvious copy of the story told of Jacques de Molay, grand-master of the Temple, and Philip IV of France.

His reign came at a time of anarchy.[1] From 1296 to 1301 the Kingdom of León was independent under Juan I of León, being crowned as King of León, Galicia and Seville. He owed his escape from the violence of competitors and nobles, partly to the tact and undaunted bravery of his mother Maria de Molina, and partly to the loyalty of the citizens of Ávila, who gave him refuge within their walls. As a king he proved ungrateful to his mother, and weak as a ruler.

On January 23, 1302 he married Constance, daughter of King Denis of Portugal, in Valladolid. Their children were:

  1. Eleanor (1307–1359), married King Alfonso IV of Aragon
  2. Constance (1308–1310)
  3. Alfonso XI of Castile (1311–1350)

In 1309 he captured Gibraltar from the Moors[1] (who had held it since 711) with the help of Alonso Pérez de Guzmán of Aragón. He died suddenly in his tent at Jaén when preparing for a raid into the Emirate of Granada on 7 September 1312.

Ancestry

Family of Ferdinand IV of Castile
16. Alfonso IX of León (12)
8. Ferdinand III of Castile
17. Berengaria of Castile (13)
4. Alfonso X of Castile
18. Philip of Swabia
9. Elisabeth of Hohenstaufen
19. Irene Angelina
2. Sancho IV of Castile
20. Peter II of Aragon
10. James I of Aragon
21. Maria of Montpellier
5. Violant of Aragon
22. Andrew II of Hungary
11. Violant of Hungary
23. Yolanda de Courtenay
1. Ferdinand IV of Castile
24. Ferdinand II of León
12. Alfonso IX of Leon (16)
25. Urraca of Portugal
6. Alfonso of Molina
26. Alfonso VIII of Castile
13. Berengaria of Castile (17)
27. Eleanor of England
3. María de Molina
28. Alfonso Téllez II de Menezes, 2nd Lord of Menezes, 1st Lord of Albuquerque
14. Alfonso Téllez de Meneses, 4th Lord of Meneses
29. Teresa Rodríguez Girón
7. Mayor Alfonso Tellez, 6th Lady of Menezes
30. Joao Fernandes de Lima
15. Maria Anes de Lima
31. Maria Pais Ribeira

References

  1. ^ a b "The End of Europe's Middle Ages", University of Calgary, 1998
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  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
Ferdinand IV of Castile
Born: 6 December 1285 Died: 7 September 1312
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Castile and León
1295–1312 		Succeeded by
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