Fliegerfaust

Fliegerfaust/Luftfaust
Fliegerfaust B
Type	Surface-to-air unguided missile system
Place of origin	Nazi Germany
Service history
In service	1945
Wars	World War II
Production history
Manufacturer	HASAG
Produced	1945
No. built	Only a few produced, 10,000 launchers and 4 million rockets were ordered.
Variants	Fliegerfaust A, Fliegerfaust B
Specifications
Mass	6.5 kg (loaded)
Length	~ 1.5 meters
Cartridge	standard 20 mm shells fitted with rocket engines
Caliber	20 mm
Muzzle velocity	350 m/s
Feed system	9-round loaders
Sights	simple iron sight

The Fliegerfaust (lit. "pilot fist" or "plane fist"), also known as the "Luftfaust" (lit. "air fist"), was a prototype unguided, man-portable, German multi-barreled ground-to-air rocket launcher, designed to destroy enemy ground attack planes.

Overview

Designed by HASAG (Hugo Schneider AG) of Leipzig in 1944, the Luftfaust was produced in two different versions.

The first version, the Fliegerfaust A, had four 20 mm caliber barrels. These fired 20 mm projectiles weighing 90 g and containing 19 g of explosive, propelled by means of a small rocket.

The second version, the Fliegerfaust B ("Luftfaust") increased the length of the barrels, and added another 5 barrels, for a total of 9 barrels. The weapon had a total length of 150 cm and weighed 6.5 kg. The firing sequence was that the first 4 rounds from every second barrel were fired immediately and the remaining five 0.1 second later to avoid damaging the projectiles themselves by the rockets' exhaust fumes and from interfering with their courses. Although some sources state the barrels were fired individually with a delay of 2 seconds between each ignition.

Stabilisation of the rocket in flight was not by means of fins, but by four small angled holes drilled around the exhaust. A small proportion of the rocket's thrust was thus converted into rotational thrust, spinning the missile along its axis. This imparted stability through spin, just like rifling in a gun barrel.

A six barrel 30 mm prototype was also constructed.

Combat use

The Fliegerfaust was not a successful weapon because of its small effective range caused by too large dispersion of projectiles and the designed range of 500 meters was never attained. Although large orders for the weapon were placed in 1945, and with 10,000 launchers and 4 million rockets ordered, only 80 of these weapons were ever used in combat trials, in this case by a unit based at Saarbrücken. However, a 1945 photograph of the Hotel Adlon in Berlin clearly shows at least 3 expended Fliegerfaust B's lying in the rubble. The Adlon sat directly opposite the Brandenburg gate in central Berlin, meaning that issue may have been more widespread than assumed.

References

• Fitzsimons, Bernard (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare. Columbia House. p. 962. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
• Hogg, Ian (2003). Niemiecka tajna broń podczas drugiej wojny światowej (in Polish). Poznań: Zysk i S-ka. ISBN 83-7150-935-9. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)