Fort Provintia
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22°59′51″N 120°12′10.12″E / 22.99750°N 120.2028111°E
Fort Provintia or Providentia was a Dutch outpost on Formosa at a site now located in the West Central District of Tainan in Taiwan. It was built in 1653 during the Dutch colonization of Taiwan. The Dutch, intending to strengthen their standing, sited the fort at Sakam, about 2 miles (3.2 km) due east from modern-day Anping.[1] During the Siege of Fort Zeelandia (1662), the fort was surrendered to Koxinga,[2] but was later destroyed by an earthquake in the 19th century. It was rebuilt as Chihkan Tower (Chinese: 赤崁樓; pinyin: Chìkǎnlóu; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhiah-khám-lâu) afterwards.[when?]
The fort's name derives from the Taiwanese aboriginal village recorded by the Dutch as Sakam,[a] which has developed into the modern-day Tainan. After growth in size and trade, the Chinese called it Chhiah-kham, and surrounded it with high brick walls. It eventually became the capital of the whole island under the name of Taiwan-fu.[1]
In addition to the site's architectural and artistic significance, its library of dictionaries and business transactions documents the Siraya language spoken by the native inhabitants of the region during Dutch rule.
See also
- Fort Santo Domingo
- Ft. Zeelandia
- Cape of San Diego
- Eternal Golden Castle
- History of Taiwan
- Taiwan under Dutch rule
- Koxinga
- Siraya
Footnotes
- ^ Other early forms of the name are Chhaccam, Sacam, Saccam, and Zaccam.[1] Also Sakkam per Davidson (1903), Index p. 32
References
- ^ a b c Campbell (1903), p. 546.
- ^ Davidson (1903), p. 38.
Bibliography
- Andrade, Tonio (2005). "Chapter 6: The Birth of Co-colonization". How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish, and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century. Columbia University Press.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Campbell, William (1903). "Explanatory Notes". Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island. London: Kegan Paul. OCLC 644323041.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|ref=harv(help); Unknown parameter|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Davidson, James W. (1903). The Island of Formosa, Past and Present : history, people, resources, and commercial prospects : tea, camphor, sugar, gold, coal, sulphur, economical plants, and other productions. London and New York: Macmillan. OL 6931635M.
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