Taiwan Republic of China (ROC ), is a country in East Asia . The main island of Taiwan , also known as Formosa , lies between the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean , with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. It has an area of 35,808 square kilometres (13,826 square miles), with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanized population is concentrated. The combined territories under ROC control consist of 168 islands in total covering 36,193 square kilometres (13,974 square miles). The largest metropolitan area is formed by Taipei (the capital), New Taipei City , and Keelung . With around 23.9 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries .
Taiwan has been settled for at least 25,000 years. Ancestors of Taiwanese indigenous peoples settled the island around 6,000 years ago. In the 17th century, large-scale Han Chinese immigration began under Dutch colonial rule and continued under the Kingdom of Tungning , the first predominantly Han Chinese state in Taiwanese history . The island was annexed in 1683 by the Qing dynasty of China and ceded to the Empire of Japan in 1895. The Republic of China , which had overthrown the Qing in 1912 under the leadership of Sun Yat-sen , took control following the surrender of Japan in World War II . The immediate resumption of the Chinese Civil War resulted in the loss of the Chinese mainland to Communist forces , who established the People's Republic of China , and the flight of the ROC central government to Taiwan in 1949. The effective jurisdiction of the ROC has since been limited to Taiwan, Penghu , and smaller islands.
From the early 1960s, Taiwan saw rapid economic growth and industrialization known as the "Taiwan Miracle ". In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the ROC transitioned from a one-party state under martial law to a multi-party democracy , with democratically elected presidents beginning in 1996 . Taiwan's export-oriented economy is the 21st-largest in the world by nominal GDP and the 20th-largest by PPP measures, with a focus on steel, machinery, electronics, and chemicals manufacturing. Taiwan is a developed country . It is ranked highly in terms of civil liberties , healthcare , and human development .
The political status of Taiwan is contentious. Despite being a founding member, the ROC no longer represents China as a member of the United Nations after UN members voted in 1971 to recognize the PRC instead. The ROC maintained its claim of being the sole legitimate representative of China and its territory until 1991, when it ceased to regard the Chinese Communist Party as a rebellious group and acknowledged its control over mainland China. Taiwan is claimed by the PRC, which refuses to establish diplomatic relations with countries that recognise the ROC. Taiwan maintains official diplomatic relations with 11 out of 193 UN member states and the Holy See . Many others maintain unofficial diplomatic ties through representative offices and institutions that function as de facto embassies and consulatesPan-Blue Coalition , who favors eventual Chinese unification under the ROC and promoting a pan-Chinese identity , contrasted with the Pan-Green Coalition , which favors eventual Taiwanese independence and promoting a Taiwanese identity ; in the 21st century, both sides have moderated their positions to broaden their appeal. (Full article...
The island of Taiwan , together with the Penghu Islands , became an annexed territory of the Empire of Japan in 1895, when the Qing dynasty ceded Fujian-Taiwan Province in the Treaty of Shimonoseki after the Japanese victory in the First Sino-Japanese War . The consequent Republic of Formosa resistance movement on Taiwan was defeated by Japan with the capitulation of Tainan . Japan ruled Taiwan for 50 years. Its capital was located in Taihoku (Taipei) led by the Governor-General of Taiwan .
Taiwan was Japan's first colony and can be viewed as the first step in implementing their "Southern Expansion Doctrine " of the late 19th century. Japanese intentions were to turn Taiwan into a showpiece "model colony" with much effort made to improve the island's economy, public works , industry , cultural Japanization (1937 to 1945), and support the necessities of Japanese military aggression in the Asia-Pacific . Japan established monopolies and by 1945, had taken over all the sales of opium, salt, camphor, tobacco, alcohol, matches, weights and measures, and petroleum in the island. Most Taiwanese children did not attend schools established by Japan until primary education was made mandatory in 1943. (Full article...
Chen Yi Chinese : 陳儀 ; pinyin : Chén Yí courtesy names Gongxia (公俠) and later Gongqia (公洽), sobriquet Tuisu (退素); May 3, 1883 – June 18, 1950) was a Chinese military officer and politician who served as the chief executive and garrison commander of Taiwan Province after the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Republic of China . He acted on behalf of the Allied Powers to accept the Japanese Instrument of Surrender in Taipei Zhongshan Hall on October 25, 1945. He is considered to have mismanaged the tension between the Taiwanese and Mainland Chinese which resulted in the February 28 Incident in 1947, resulting in the deaths of 18,000 to 28,000 people, and was dismissed. In June 1948, he was appointed Chairman of Zhejiang Province , but was dismissed and arrested when his plan to surrender to the Chinese Communist Party was discovered. He was sentenced to death and executed by shooting in Taipei in 1950. (Full article...
Taipei 101
This is a Good article , an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards. Chen Chi-mai Chinese : 陳其邁 ; pinyin : Chén Qímài Wade–Giles : Ch'ên2 Ch'i2 -mai4 Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Tân Kî-māi Comay Chen , is a Taiwanese politician and the current mayor of Kaohsiung since August 24, 2020. He has served as spokesperson of the Democratic Progressive Party and the chief executive officer of its Policy Research and Coordinating Committee. A physician from Keelung , Chen started his political career by becoming member of the Legislative Yuan in 1996 and served as legislator for almost eight years before becoming the spokesperson of the Executive Yuan .
In 2005, Chen succeeded to the mayoralty of Kaohsiung after Frank Hsieh 's appointment as premier. Chen became the deputy secretary-general of the Presidential Office in 2007 and served until the inauguration of President Ma Ying-jeou . Following his December 2018 loss in the Kaohsiung mayoral election, Chen was appointed Vice Premier of the Republic of China by President Tsai Ing-wen . Chen yielded the vice premiership to Shen Jong-chin in June 2020, and won the Kaohsiung mayoralty in a by-election on August 15, 2020 after previous mayor Han Kuo-yu was recalled . (Full article...
Hsu Tain-tsair
The following are images from various Taiwan-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 Kagi Shrine , one of many Shinto shrines built in Taiwan. (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 2 Two
7-Eleven stores opposite each other on a crossroad. Taiwan has the highest density of 7-Eleven stores per person in the world (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 3 1901 map with red line marking approximate boundary separating territory under actual Japanese administration from "Savage District" (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 4 Sky Lantern festival in
Pingxi , Taiwan (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 5 Portrait of
Zheng Jing (1642–1681), possibly 17th c. (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 6 Departure of a
Ryukyuan ship bearing tribute to
Beijing , 1831 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 7 Population density map of Taiwan in 2019 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 8 Territory controlled by
Koxinga , founder of the
Kingdom of Tungning (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 9 Mid-17th century portrait of
Koxinga (
Guoxingye or "Kok seng ia" in southern Fujianese), "Lord of the Imperial Surname" (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 10 Taiwan in the 17th century, showing Dutch (magenta) and Spanish (green) possessions, and the
Kingdom of Middag (orange) (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 11 Apo Hsu and the
NTNU Symphony Orchestra on stage in the
National Concert Hall in
Taipei and Play
Saint-Saens 's
Organ Symphony No. 3 (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 12 Yin and Yang symbol of
Taoism (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 15 Depiction of a Chinese man, woman, and soldier, by Georg Franz Müller (1646–1723) (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 16 Administrative units of Taiwan under the Qing dynasty in 1734 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 17 Administrative units of Taiwan under the Qing dynasty by 1894 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 18 Woodcut of the mass killings which took place during the February 28 Incident (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 19 Bunun dancer in traditional aboriginal dress (1989) (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 20 Severed heads of
Seediq rebels (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 21 Depiction of Qing ships crossing the ocean to suppress the
Lin Shuangwen rebellion , 1787–1788 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 22 The Qing Empire in 1820, with provinces in yellow, military governorates and protectorates in light yellow, tributary states in orange. (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 23 Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-shek , President
Franklin D. Roosevelt , and Prime Minister
Winston Churchill met at the Cairo Conference in Cairo, 25 November 1943. (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 24 Photo from
Savages of Formosa , a 1926 government report on tribal life in Taiwan (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 25 Original geographic distributions of Taiwanese aboriginal peoples (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 28 The original flag of the
Taiwanese People's Party , 2 January 1929 – 6 October 1929 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 30 Evacuation of
Keelung by the French forces, image created 1887 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 31 Entrance hall of a K-TV in Taipei (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 32 Shi Lang (1621–1696) in an 18th-century painting (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 33 Chinese depiction of Chikan (
Fort Provintia ), 1752 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 34 Administrative units of Taiwan under the Qing dynasty in 1685 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 36 Conquest of Douliumen (
Zhuluo ) (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 37 Bird's eye view of
Fort Zeelandia in
Dutch Formosa in the 17th-century (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 38 Section of
Kangxi period painting of Taiwan, 1684–1722 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 39 Map of Taiwan with the western coast pointed downwards, c. 1640 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 40 The Imperial Guard Defeats the Enemy in Hard Fighting at Keelung on the Island of Taiwan , 1895 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 41 The Capture of
Lin Shuangwen (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 42 Pearl milk tea (from
Culture of Taiwan )
Image 44 Map of Asia showing the "Chinese Empire" (1892) (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 45 Section of a painting depicting daily life of the
Taokas people , 1684–1722 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 46 A map of the
Empire of Japan including Taiwan ("barbarian land" in red) in 1895 (from
History of Taiwan )
Image 48 Japanese painting of the expedition forces attacking the Mudan tribe, 1874 (from
History of Taiwan )
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Portals listed here are related to Taiwan by way of history, Asian region, diplomatic relations with ROC, and significant diaspora of overseas Taiwanese
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