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Protein-coding gene in humans
GTP-binding protein GEM is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEM gene .[ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.[ 7]
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164949 – Ensembl , May 2017^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028214 – Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family" . Science . 265 (5169): 241–4. Bibcode :1994Sci...265..241M . doi :10.1126/science.7912851 . PMID 7912851 . ^ Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway" . J Cell Biol . 157 (2): 291–302. doi :10.1083/jcb.200111026 . PMC 2199248 PMID 11956230 . ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle" .
Cohen L, Mohr R, Chen YY, et al. (1995). "Transcriptional activation of a ras-like gene (kir) by oncogenic tyrosine kinases" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 91 (26): 12448–52. doi :10.1073/pnas.91.26.12448 PMC 45455 PMID 7809057 . Santoro T, Maguire J, McBride OW, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation of human GEM and localization of the human and mouse GEM loci encoding an inducible Ras-like protein" . Genomics . 30 (3): 558–64. doi :10.1006/geno.1995.1277 . PMID 8825643 . Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR (1997). "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II" . J. Biol. Chem . 272 (18): 11832–9. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.18.11832 PMID 9115241 . Béguin P, Nagashima K, Gonoi T, et al. (2001). "Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem". Nature . 411 (6838): 701–6. Bibcode :2001Natur.411..701B . doi :10.1038/35079621 . PMID 11395774 . S2CID 4382776 . Aresta S, de Tand-Heim MF, Béranger F, de Gunzburg J (2003). "A novel Rho GTPase-activating-protein interacts with Gem, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases" . Biochem. J . 367 (Pt 1): 57–65. doi :10.1042/BJ20020829 . PMC 1222866 PMID 12093360 . Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 . Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature . 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode :2005Natur.437.1173R . doi :10.1038/nature04209 . PMID 16189514 . S2CID 4427026 . Kelly K (2006). "The RGK family: a regulatory tail of small GTP-binding proteins". Trends Cell Biol . 15 (12): 640–3. doi :10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.002 . PMID 16242932 . Opatowsky Y, Sasson Y, Shaked I, et al. (2006). "Structure-function studies of the G-domain from human gem, a novel small G-protein" . FEBS Lett . 580 (25): 5959–64. doi :10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.067 . PMC 1934412 PMID 17052716 . Splingard A, Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, et al. (2007). "Biochemical and structural characterization of the gem GTPase" . J. Biol. Chem . 282 (3): 1905–15. doi :10.1074/jbc.M604363200 PMID 17107948 .
PDB gallery
2cjw : CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SMALL GTPASE GEM (GEMDNDCAM) IN COMPLEX TO MG.GDP
2g3y : Crystal structure of the human small GTPase GEM
2ht6 : Crystal structure of Human Gem G-domain bound to GDP
