The massacre occurred over a period of three weeks starting on October 1920, the day of the Hunchun Incident after the Battle of Qingshanli. During this period, soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army murdered Korean civilians who numbered an estimated at least 5,000,[2][3] and perpetrated widespread rape.[1]
^ abEckhardt Fuchs, Tokushi Kasahara, Sven Saaler (4 December 2017). A New Modern History of East Asia. p. 196. ISBN978-3737007085. Retrieved 2018-03-03. The Japanese forces then carried out the Gando Massacre, in which they indiscriminately attacked Koreans living in Eastern Manchuria and other regions, killing over 5,000 and burning down more than 3,500 homes.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abSuh, Jae-Jung (7 December 2012). Origins of North Korea's Juche: Colonialism, War, and Development. p. 50. ISBN978-0739176597. Retrieved 2018-03-03. Within a few months, the Japanese contingent in Jiandao massacred thousands of Koreans in their merciless mopping-up campaign. They concentrated their attacks on Korean villages with well-built Communist organizations and where anti-Japanese sentiment was most intense.
