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Hangul consonant and vowel tables

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Template:Contains Korean text The following Hangul tables of consonants and vowels (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals. Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.

Initials

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
g n d r/l m b s - j ch k t p h
ㄲ 　 ㄸ 　 　 ㅃ ㅆ 　 ㅉ 　 　 　 　 　
kk tt bb/pp ss jj

Vowels/Medials

  Basic   +i
Basic ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅜ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅔ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ
a eo o u eu i ae e oe ui eui
y+ ㅑ ㅕ ㅛ ㅠ ㅒ ㅖ
ya yeo yo yu     yae ye      
w+ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ
wa weo wae we

Finals

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ  ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
g n d l m b s ng j ch k t p h
ㄲ ㄵ 　 ㄺ  　 ㅄ  ㅆ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
kk nj lg bs ss
ㄳ  ㄶ 　 ㄻ  　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
gs nh lm
　 　 　 ㄼ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
lb
　 　 　  ㄽ  　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
ls
　 　 　 ㄾ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
lt
　 　 　 ㄿ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
lp
　 　 　 ㅀ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. Sequences of the first type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of double jamo consonants in syllable-initial (choseong) and -final (jongseong) position; the second sequence is official in North Korea.

South Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

North Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants Names
South Korea North Korea
ㄱ 기역 기윽
ㄲ 쌍기역 된기윽
ㄴ 니은 니은
ㄷ 디귿 디읃
ㄸ 쌍디귿 된디읃
ㄹ 리을 리을
ㅁ 미음 미음
ㅂ 비읍 비읍
ㅃ 쌍비읍 된비읍
ㅅ 시옷 시읃
ㅆ 쌍시옷 된시읃
ㅇ 이응 이응
ㅈ 지읒 지읃
ㅉ 쌍지읒 된지읃
ㅊ 치읓 치읕
ㅋ 키읔 키읔
ㅌ 티읕 티읕
ㅍ 피읖 피읖
ㅎ 히읗 히읕

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun /그는/.

Hangul syllables

Below are 19 tables of 28*21 syllables, making all together 11,172(=19*21*28) possible syllables. These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

See also

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