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Hangul consonant and vowel tables

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"Hangul Jamo" redirects here. For the Unicode block, see Hangul Jamo (Unicode block).

The following tables of consonants and vowels of the Korean alphabet (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals.

Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.

Initials

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
g n d r/l m b s - j ch k t p h
ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ
kk tt pp ss jj

Vowels/medials

Basic +i
Basic ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅜ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅔ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ
a eo (ao) o u eu i ae e oe wi ui
y+ ㅑ ㅕ ㅛ ㅠ ㅒ ㅖ
ya yeo (yao) yo yu yae ye
w+ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ
wa wo wae we

Finals

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
g n d r/l m b s ng j ch k t p h
ㄲ ㄵ ㄺ ㅄ ㅆ
kk nj lg bs ss
ㄳ ㄶ ㄻ
gs nh lm
ㄼ
lb
ㄽ
ls
ㄾ
lt
ㄿ
lp
ㅀ
lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. The first sequence is official in North Korea; sequences of the second type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of double jamo consonants in syllable-initial (choseong) and -final (jongseong) position.

North Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ

South Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants Names
North Korea South Korea
ㄱ
g 		기윽
gieuk		 기역
giyeok
ㄲ
kk 		된기윽
doengieuk		 쌍기역
ssanggieok
ㄴ
n 		니은
nieun
ㄷ
d 		디읃
dieut		 디귿
dikeut
ㄸ
tt 		된디읃
doendikeut		 쌍디귿
ssangdikeut
ㄹ
r, l 		리을
rieul
ㅁ
m 		미음
mieum
ㅂ
b 		비읍
bieup
ㅃ
pp 		된비읍
doenbieup		 쌍비읍
ssangbieup
ㅅ
s 		시읏
sieut		 시옷
siot
ㅆ
ss 		된시읏
doensieut		 쌍시옷
ssangsiot
ㅇ
-, -ng 		이응
ieung
ㅈ
j 		지읒
jieut
ㅉ
jj 		된지읒
doenjieut		 쌍지읒
ssangjieut
ㅊ
ch 		치읓
chieut
ㅋ
k 		키읔
kieuk
ㅌ
t 		티읕
tieut
ㅍ
p 		피읖
pieup
ㅎ
h 		히읗
hieuh

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun /그는/.

Hangul syllables

"Hangul syllables" redirects here. For the Unicode block, see Hangul Syllables.

Below are 19 tables of 28×21 syllables. Altogether there are 11,172 (19×21×28) possible syllables, found in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block (U+AC00–U+D7AF). These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

See also

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