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Harvey B. Gantt Center

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Harvey B. Gantt Center, Opening Day

The Harvey B. Gantt Center for African-American Arts + Culture, formerly known as the Afro-American Cultural Center, is located in Charlotte, North Carolina and named for Harvey Gantt, the city's first African-American mayor and the first African-American student at Clemson University.

The 46,500 sq ft, four-story center was designed by Freelon Group Architects at a cost of $18.6 million — and was dedicated in October 2009 as part of what is now the Levine Center for the Arts.

About the building

Located at South Tryon and Stonewall streets, the four-story 46,490-square foot building is a "modernist structure wrapped in glass and metal",[1] is 360' by 40' and located above tunnels connecting College Street and Stonewall Street to a parking garage for Duke Energy Center.[1][2] To allow access by car and truck ramps on the narrow site (400' x 60'), the lobby is on the second floor[3] and is reached by stairs and escalators which frame a central glass atrium and are based on Jacob's Ladder in the Book of Genesis.

The design was inspired by Myers Street School in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Charlotte, an African-American section of the city which was demolished as a result of urban renewal in the 1960s. The school was Charlotte's only public school for African-Americans from 1886 to 1907. The Jacob's Ladder concept also appears outside the building. Another feature of the building is a rain screen, with perforated metal panels in some areas and windows in others, resembling a quilt with fluorescent lights that resemble stitches. Freelon Group won the 2009 Thomas Jefferson Award for Public Architecture from the American Institute of Architects for projects that included the Gantt Center.[4][5]

On the east wing wall is Divergent Threads, Lucent Memories, a work by David Wilson of Apex inspired by quilts which recalls the history of Brooklyn.[6]

On the plaza connecting the center to other area buildings, Intersections by Juan Logan uses Kuba patterns from Democratic Republic of Congo, with chevron and diamond patterns representing connections between different cultures.[7]

The John and Vivian Hewitt Collection of African-American Art

Vivian Hewitt was the first African-American librarian hired by Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, and she taught and served as a librarian at Atlanta University. Her husband John taught English at Morehouse College.[8] John and Vivian Hewitt, though not rich, put together one of the most significant collections of African-American art during their 50 years of marriage, starting in 1949.[9] The art works were gifts made to each other over the years.[10] The works were affordable for them at the time they bought them because white people had not started buying them, but as the importance of African-American artists became clear, that started to change.[8] The Hewitt Collection was purchased by NationsBank (later Bank of America) in 1998, with the plan being to locate the works in an expanded Afro-American Cultural Center. The collection toured the country, and the 58 works now make up the majority of the Gantt Center's permanent collection. The 20th century African-American artists include Henry Ossawa Tanner, Ann Tanksley, John Biggers, Elizabeth Catlett and Romare Bearden.[10][11]

Shortly before the Gantt Center opened in October 2009, 26 works by 20 artists went to the center. Other works from the collection were scheduled to appear in the gallery devoted to the collection over a two-year period.[11]

History

In 1974, as an English professor and doctoral student at UNC-Charlotte, Mary Harper proposed an Afro-American cultural center for Charlotte. Working with Dr. Bertha Maxwell-Roddey, director of the University's Black Studies Center, she called her proposal "Vistas Unlimited: The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Afro-American Cultural and Service Center". Harper and Roddey realized that people did not know a lot about the accomplishments of African-Americans, and particularly African-Americans from North Carolina. The center they planned would let African-Americans celebrate who they were and what their people had done.[12] Harper and Maxwell-Roddey started with a festival in Marshall Park, the former site of the Brooklyn neighborhood. After a second festival in 1975, the women helped to start the Afro-American Cultural and Service Center.[13]

For ten years starting in 1976, the Afro-American Cultural Center used 605 square feet in the former First Baptist Church known as Spirit Square.[14][13] Other locations were considered including the McColl Center for Visual Art.

The permanent location eventually chosen was Little Rock A.M.E. Zion Church. The church was planning a new sanctuary across the street from their existing location on Myers Street, and people worried the old building might be demolished.[13] The brick Neoclassical Revival building that was Little Rock's third location was designed by James Mackson McMichael and was completed in June 1911 at a cost of $20,000.[15][16] Little Rock sold their old building to the city in 1979 and moved to their new home in 1981. The building was declared a historical landmark in 1982.[17] 7th Street was to be widened, which put the historic building in jeopardy. Instead, the former church was renovated using $1.1 million in donations and a $540,000 grant from the city, with Dalton Morgan Shook & Partners as the architects. On March 15, 1986, the Afro-American Cultural Center officially opened its new 11,000-square-foot home at Myers and 7th Streets. The two-story building had three levels, with a 180-seat theater and a 300-seat amphitheater. Its classes included music, dance, theater and visual arts.[14]

Voters rejected a $95 million plan for cultural facilities and a new arena in 2001. At the time, the plan was to expand the Afro-American Cultural Center with $10 million that would have come from the arts package.[18] In addition to expansion, several new sites were considered.[19]

On November 2, 2005, a plan was announced for a new $17.9 million Afro-American Cultural Center as part of the Wachovia Cultural Campus on Tryon Street.[20] To attract visitors would require a major attraction. Bank of America had announced it would donate the Hewitt Collection in 1998, but the existing building was not large enough.[19]

On December 7, 2007, the Afro-American Cultural Center, which had said earlier in the year that their new facility would be named for Harvey Gantt, revealed the formal name The Harvey B. Gantt Center for African-American Arts and Culture.[21][22] This was later changed to Harvey B. Gantt Center for African-American Arts + Culture.[23]

Freelon, later named as lead architect for the National Museum of African American History and Culture, designed the new building. Although the site was very narrow, Freelon saw designing a building in that space as a challenge.[1][4]

After the decision was made to move the Afro-American Cultural Center to the new Harvey Gantt Center, those interested in historic preservation wanted to make sure the former church remained standing. In 2008, Little Rock Church had already asked to lease their former home.[13] Little Rock paid $590,000 in April 2009 to buy back the old building, which was rededicated on December 13, 2009, as the Little Rock Community Development Center.[17][24]

The Gantt Center was the first part of the Wells Fargo (formerly Wachovia) Cultural Campus to be completed. It had four times the space of the Little Rock site.[25]

The dedication ceremonies for the $18.6 million Gantt Center at Tryon and Stonewall Streets were held on October 24, 2009. Mayor Pat McCrory, who was about to leave office, told Gantt, "Former mayor to former mayor, you have been a great role model. You are the best of Charlotte, and I am so glad to see your name on this building."[10] Gantt said, "This beautiful, awesome building is far beyond my wildest dreams. I feel good about what this magnificent building represents – how far we have come."[10]

The Harvey B. Gantt Center was featured in Google Cultural Institute's February 2016 online gallery celebrating black history, art, and culture. The Center was part of 50 cultural institutions, 80 curated exhibits, and over 500 videos, images, and articles in the gallery.[26]

References

  1. ^ a b c Maschal, Richard (March 3, 2008). "Packed with Meaning: Harvey B. Gantt Center for African American Arts and Culture Designers See Opportunity in Slender Lot". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1A.
  2. ^ Downey, John (2009-02-26). "Duke moves HQs to Wachovia tower". Charlotte Business Journal. Retrieved 2014-03-19.
  3. ^ "Harvey B. Gantt Center for African-American History + Culture in Charlotte, United States". Topboxdesign.com. August 13, 2010. Archived from the original on March 4, 2014. Retrieved February 27, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b Quillin, Martha (December 27, 2009). "Architect Puts His Imprint on Public Buildings Across State, U.S.: Phil Freelon, Who Designed Gantt Center in Charlotte, Is Picked to Design a New Arm of Smithsonian Institution". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1B.
  5. ^ "About The Center". Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  6. ^ "David Wilson's Divergent Threads, Lucent Memories". Retrieved February 27, 2014.
  7. ^ "Juan Logan's Intersection - Outdoor Public Art". Retrieved February 27, 2014.
  8. ^ a b Linn, Virginia (January 18, 2011). "African-American art collector Vivian Hewitt recalls how works were found". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved February 22, 2014.
  9. ^ Persinger, Ryanne (March 10, 2011). "Lifetime of art, love: Family's collection has national reputation". The Charlotte Post. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  10. ^ a b c d Washburn, Mark (October 25, 2009). "Vivian and John Hewitt Built the Art Collection That Led to the Building of Harvey B. Gantt Center". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1A.
  11. ^ a b Washburn, Mark (October 14, 2009). "Almost Ready: Gantt Center Installs African American Art, Including Long-Awaited Hewitt Collection". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1A.
  12. ^ "The Harper-Roddey Society". Retrieved February 22, 2014.
  13. ^ a b c d Perlmutt, David (February 3, 2008). "Black Culture at Charlotte's Heart: Afraid of Losing Valuable History, Educators Founded Uptown Center". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1B.
  14. ^ a b Paysour, LaFleur (March 16, 1986). "Afro-American Cultural Center Gets New Home". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1A.
  15. ^ "Little Rock A.M.E. Zion Church (1910-1911)". Charlotte-Mecklenburg Historic Landmarks Commission. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  16. ^ "The Little Rock A.M.E. Zion Church". Charlotte-Mecklenburg Historic Landmarks Commission. February 4, 1981. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  17. ^ a b "Little Rock AME Zion reclaims historic sanctuary". The Charlotte Post. December 3, 2009.
  18. ^ Smith, Dean; Dyer, Leigh (June 6, 2001). "Arts Bundle's Defeat Will Slow, Not Stop Backers: Cultural Community Vows to Push Ahead on Theater, Museum Plans". The Charlotte Observer. p. 15A.
  19. ^ a b Rubin, Richard (December 18, 2005). "Afro-Am Center Thinks Big Despite Years of Struggle". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1A.
  20. ^ Rubin, Richard (November 3, 2005). "Afro-American Center Picks Site: Charlotte Institution Would Join Wachovia's New Cultural Campus". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1B.
  21. ^ Bethea, April (December 10, 2007). "Ex-Mayor Gantt to Be Honored: Leaders Officially Unveil Name of African American Culture Facility". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1B.
  22. ^ "Correction". The Charlotte Observer. December 11, 1007. p. 2A.
  23. ^ Washburn, Mark (August 30, 2009). "Cultural District: Something Bold And Something New". The Charlotte Observer. p. 2P.
  24. ^ Portillo, Ely (December 14, 2009). "Lighting a Fire of Renewal for Uptown Church: Little Rock AME Zion Bought Back What It Once Sold, Launches a New Community Center". The Charlotte Observer. p. 1B.
  25. ^ Spanberg, Erik (August 31, 2009). "Charlotte museums hope debut will make a big impression". Charlotte Business Journal. Retrieved February 22, 2014.
  26. ^ "Black History Month: Google Cultural Institute's Ode to Black History". Black Enterprise. Retrieved 2016-02-26.

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