Herbert Schultze
Herbert Schultze | |
|---|---|
 Herbert Schultze | |
| Nickname(s) | Vaddi (Daddy) |
| Born | 24 July 1909 Kiel |
| Died | 3 June 1987 (aged 77) London |
| Allegiance |  Weimar Republic (to 1933) Nazi Germany (to 1945) West Germany |
| Service/ |  Reichsmarine Kriegsmarine German Navy |
| Years of service | 1930-1945 — 1956-1968 |
| Rank | Korvettenkapitän |
| Unit | U-Bootschulflottille 7th U-boat Flotilla |
| Commands held | U-2,31 January 1938 – 16 March 1939 (Training) U-48, 22 April 1939 – 20 May 1940 (5 patrols) U-48, 17 December 1940 – 27 July 1941 (3 patrols) 3rd U-boat Flotilla Department II, Marineschule Mürwick |
| Battles/wars | Second Battle of the Atlantic |
| Awards | Iron Cross 1st Class U-boat War Badge with Diamonds Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves |
| Other work | Served in the Bundesmarine |
Lieutenant Commander Herbert Schultze (July 24, 1909 – June 3, 1987), was a German U-boat commander of the Kriegsmarine during World War II. He commanded U-48 for eight patrols during the early part of the war, sinking 169,709 GRT GRT uses unsupported parameter (help) and earning him eighth place on the Aces of the Deep list. Due to several incidents of openly broadcasting his sinkings to alert the Allies of the plight of the crews, he became quite a celebrity even on the allied side.
Biography
Schultze was born in Kiel and joined the Reichsmarine in April 1930. On 9 October 1930 he became a Seekadett. Serving aboard the cruisers German cruiser Leipzig and Karlsruhe with other future U-boat aces, including Heinrich Lehmann-Willenbrock.
In May 1937, with a rank of Oberleutnant zur See, Schultze transferred to the U-boat force, taking command of the Type IIA U-boat U-2 on 31 January 1938. The U-2 was assigned to the U-Bootschulflottille (U-boat school flotilla), and Schultze spent the next year and a half training with the sub.
On 22 April 1939 Schultze commissioned U-48, a Type VIIB U-boat. U-48 was later to become the most successful submarine of the war. U-48 was assigned to 7th U-boat Flotilla, and spent the next four months in training. On 1 June 1939 Schultze was promoted to Kapitänleutnant.
World War II
Soon after the war started on 1 September 1939 Schultze took U-48 out on its first patrol. On 11 September 1939 he sank the British freighter Firby. After the sinking he sent the plain language radio message "cq - cq- cq - transmit to Mr. Churchill. I have sunk the British steamer "Firby". Posit 59.40 North and 13.50 West. Save the crew, if you please. German submarine." This message, addressed to the First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill directly, made Schultze famous, both in Germany and Great Britain. He sank two more ships for 14,777 GRT during the first patrol.
After returning to base Schultze gave an interview to William L. Shirer, an American reporter, on 29 September 1939. During the interview it was established that Schultze had sunk another British ship, the Royal Sceptre and similarly as the Firby had arranged for the crew to be rescued by another allied ship. The interview was recorded and broadcast both in the United States and Great Britain.
Now something of a media celebrity, Schultze left for four more successful patrols. On 1 March 1940 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for his successes. On 20 May 1940 Schultze handed command of the U-48 over to Hans Rudolf Rösing due to illness stemming from a stomach and kidney disorder. Schultze spent five months in hospital recuperating. From October 1940 Schultze took up duties as Second in Command of the 7th U-boat Flotilla, now based in St Nazaire, France.
On 17 December 1940 Schultze resumed command of the U-48, relieving Heinrich Bleichrodt. He led U-48 on three more patrols, and continued sinking enemy shipping at a great rate. Thus Schultze was awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight's Cross on 12 June 1941.
On 27 July 1941 Schultze left the U-48 to take command of 3rd U-boat Flotilla operating from La Rochelle. He served in this capacity until March 1942, when he was assigned to the staff of Marinegruppe Nord as Admiral Staff Officer for U-boats. In December 1942 he was assigned to Admiral Karl Dönitz staff. On 1 April 1943 he was promoted to Korvettenkapitän. In March 1944 he was assigned as commander of Department II, Marineschule Mürwik, where he served to the end of the war.
After the war
In 1956 Schultze joined the Bundesmarine of West Germany and served in a string of staff positions, including another two years at Marineschule Mürwick. He retired in September 1968. Schultze died in June 1987 in London, and amongst others, former U-boat ace Otto Kretschmer spoke at his funeral, saying "Deeply respected by friend and foe, revered by his crew, Herbert Schultze was an exemplary naval officer in the best tradition."
Awards
- Dienstauszeichnung 4th Class (2 October 1936)[1]
- Deutsche Olympia-Erinnerungsmedaille (20 April 1937)[1]
- Iron Cross (1939)
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
- Knight's Cross (1 March 1940)
- 15th Oak Leaves (12 June 1941)
- Croce di Guerra with Swords (14 October 1941)[2]
- U-boat War Badge (1939) (25 October 1939)[2]
- with Diamonds (15 July 1941)[2]
- Mentioned three times in the Wehrmachtbericht (26 February 1940, 2 April 1940 and 12 June 1940)
Achievements
References
- Busch, Rainer & Röll, Hans-Joachim (2003). Der U-Boot-Krieg 1939-1945 - Die Ritterkreuzträger der U-Boot-Waffe von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 (in German). Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn Germany: Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn. ISBN 3-8132-0515-0.
- Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000). Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939-1945 (in German). Friedburg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 3-7909-0284-5.
- Huß, Jürgen & Viohl, Armin (2003). Die Ritterkreuzträger des Eisernen Kreuzes der preußischen Provinz Schleswig-Holstein und der Freien und Hansestadt Lübeck 1939-1945 (in German). VDM Heinz Nickel. ISBN 3-925480-79-X.
- Kurowski, Franz (1995). Knight's Cross Holders of the U-Boat Service. Schiffer Military.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
External links
- "Uboat.net". The Men – Herbert Schultze. Retrieved 26 February 2007.
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