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Interstate 235 (Iowa)

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Interstate 235 marker
Interstate 235
Iowa's Interstate Highways with I-235 highlighted in red.
Iowa's Interstate Highways with I-235 highlighted in red.
Route information
Auxiliary route of I-35
Maintained by Iowa DOT
Length13.78 mi[1] (22.18 km)
ExistedDecember 14, 1961[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
West end I-35 / I-80 in West Des Moines
Major intersections
East end I-35 / I-80 in Ankeny
Location
CountryUnited States
StateIowa
Highway system
← Iowa 224→ US 275

Interstate 235 (I-235) in Iowa is an auxiliary Interstate Highway that runs just north of downtown Des Moines through the heart of the Des Moines metropolitan area. I-235 runs from the junction of Interstate 35 and Interstate 80 in West Des Moines to the separation of the same two interstates in Ankeny. The highway is approximately 14 miles (23 km) long.

I-235, which had seen little improvement since its construction in the 1960s, was completely rebuilt and widened in a project that spanned most of the 2000s. Prior to the reconstruction, I-235 had two lanes in each direction with a third lane near downtown; the entire route now has at least three lanes of traffic in each direction, with an additional one or two lanes closer to the heart of the city. The modernized freeway now handles on average between 75,000–125,000 vehicles per day, making it the busiest highway in the state of Iowa.

Route description

Interstate 235 begins at the western intersection of Interstate 35 and Interstate 80, known locally as the West Mixmaster. Here, eastbound I-80 exits the highway, which becomes I-235 and joins northbound I-35. From the West Mixmaster, I-235 heads east. Almost immediately is a half-diamond interchange with 50th Street in West Des Moines. One mile (1.6 km) later is a partial-cloverleaf interchange with Valley West Drive,[3] which was renamed from 35th Street in 1988 due to its proximity to Valley West Mall and Valley High School.[4]

At Windsor Heights at a tight partial-cloverleaf interchange I-235 meets 73rd Street / 8th Street. The interchange is particularly tight because of an Iowa Interstate Railroad line just to the east. 73rd Street / 8th Street is actually a single road: north of I-235, 73rd Street follows the Des Moines street numbering plan, while south of I-235, 8th Street follows the older street numbering plan of West Des Moines.[5]

Midday traffic on I-235

At the 63rd Street interchange, I-235 picks up a fourth lane of eastbound travel and drops a lane westbound. Now within the city limits of Des Moines, it passes the through the heavily wooded Waterbury neighborhood. Near the 42nd Street interchange, I-235 curves to the south around Theodore Roosevelt High School. One half-mile (0.80 km) later is an interchange with 31st Street, which provides access to Drake University to the north, and to Terrace Hill, the governor's mansion, to the south.[3]

East of 31st Street, I-235 briefly picks up a fifth lane and drops a lane westbound, creating a 10-lane freeway just west of downtown. This stretch of freeway receives, on average, over 125,000 vehicles per day,[6] making it the busiest stretch of road in the state.[7]

The skyline of a city. A bridge crosses a river in the center.
Interstate 235 crosses the Des Moines River in downtown Des Moines.

There are three eastbound interchanges connecting I-235 to downtown Des Moines. Martin Luther King Jr. Parkway and 19th Street, a pair of one-way streets, lead traffic to the west of downtown. Keosauqua Way, known locally as Keo Way, enters downtown from the northwest. These interchanges are combined westbound. Closer to the Des Moines River, a combined interchange in each direction filters off the rest of downtown traffic to two destinations: Seventh Street and Sixth Avenue, and Third Street and Second Avenue, each of which are pairs of one-way streets. The fourth lane of traffic drops off at this combined interchange.[6]

At the Des Moines River, I-235 passes Wells Fargo Arena, the main Iowa Events Center destination, on the western shore and the Des Moines Botanical Center on the eastern shore. On the eastern side of Des Moines, it passes the East Village, the Iowa State Capitol, and East High School before the interchange with U.S. Route 69. One mile (1.6 km) east is an interchange with East University Avenue, which, up to now had been relatively parallel to I-235.[3] East University provides access to the Iowa State Fairgrounds for northbound I-35 and eastbound I-80 traffic.

At University Avenue, I-235 begins curving to the north, dividing an industrial district to the west and residential areas to the east. 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) to the north, it intersects East Euclid Avenue at a partial-cloverleaf interchange. It continues north for another 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) until it meets Interstate 35 and Interstate 80 again at the East Mixmaster.[3]

History

See caption
The current route of I-235 closely follows the original plans from 1955, seen here.

The first section of Interstate 235 to open, from Cottage Grove Avenue to Keo Way, opened on December 14, 1961. Over the next seven years, sections of I-235 opened, spreading east and west toward the mixmasters until it was completed on October 30, 1968.[8]

In October 1963, the Des Moines city council designated I-235 the John MacVicar Freeway in honor of two former mayors of Des Moines: John MacVicar, Sr., (1896–1900, 1916–1918, 1928) and John MacVicar, Jr., (1942–1948).[9] However, this name is seldom used; most people simply refer to it as I-235.

In March 2002, a six-year-long project to completely rebuild I-235 and the bridges which cross it began. The first two years consisted of rebuilding most of the bridges which cross it, starting with 42nd Street in West Des Moines. The final four years of the project entailed finishing the remaining bridges, widening, regrading, and repaving the entire length of the highway.[10]

A large arched suspension bridge passes over a busy highway. The nighttime skyline is seen through the cable supports.
The Edna M. Griffin Memorial Bridge

Pedestrian bridges

An additional part of the highway improvement plan were three pedestrian bridges, located at 6th, 40th and 44th Streets. The three bridges were replacements for bridges which were too narrow to accommodate the newly widened highway. These highly visible bridges act as icons, locating the neighborhoods for travelers along the freeway. The design of the I-235 pedestrian bridges was completed by Boston-based bridge designer Miguel Rosales in collaboration with HNTB Engineering.[11] The three bridges, the Edna M. Griffin Memorial Bridge (6th Street), the 40th Street Pedestrian Bridge, and the Rider Way Pedestrian Bridge (44th Street) were each completed by 2005.[12]

The new design utilizes basket-handle steel arches with clear spans of approximately 230 feet (70 m). Inclined cables connect the steel blue arches to the pre-stressed concrete deck. By selecting a tied arch form, the Iowa Department of Transportation was able to keep disruption of traffic to a minimum during construction. An innovative curved screen system is used to enhance security and the appearance of the structure creating a visually appealing experience for pedestrians and bicyclists using the bridge. The resulting series of bridges has created a distinctive form that is unique to the city and the state.[12] The city of Des Moines recently relit the bridges with LED lighting.[13]

Exit list

The entire route is in Polk County.

Locationmi[3]kmExitDestinationsNotes
West Des Moines0.0000.000—
 I-80 west – Council Bluffs, Omaha		Continuation as I-80
123A
 I-35 south – Kansas City
123B

 I-35 north / I-80 east – Minneapolis, Chicago
0.5850.9411A50th Street – West Des MoinesWestbound exit and eastbound entrance only
1.3162.1181BValley West Drive – West Des Moines
2.1363.438222nd Street – West Des Moines, Clive
Windsor Heights3.2165.176373rd Street, 8th Street – Windsor Heights, West Des Moines
Des Moines3.8266.1574 Iowa 28 (63rd Street) – Windsor Heights
4.3346.9755A56th StreetWestbound exit and eastbound entrance only
5.3448.6005B42nd Street
6.1479.893631st Street – Terrace Hill Historic Site
7.05411.3527A MLK Jr Parkway, 19th Street – Des Moines International AirportWestbound exits are combined as Exit 7, access to Iowa Methodist Medical Center
7.39311.8987B Keo Way – Pappajohn Sculpture Park
7.67912.3588A Downtown Des Moines, Iowa Events CenterAccess to Mercy Medical Center
8.72314.0388BE. 6th Street, Penn Avenue
9.32315.0049 US 69 (E. 14th Street south, E. 15th Street north)
10.07516.21410A Iowa 163 (E. University Avenue) – State Fairgrounds
10.48316.87110B
 To Iowa 163 (Easton Boulevard)Module:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated		Eastbound exit and entrance only
11.24518.09711Guthrie Avenue
12.13319.52612 US 6 (E. Euclid Avenue) – Grand View University
Ankeny13.81622.235138A

 I-35 south / I-80 west – Council Bluffs, Kansas City
138B
 I-80 east – Davenport
—
 I-35 north – Minneapolis		Continuation as I-35
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

  1. ^ Federal Highway Administration (October 31, 2006). "Route Log and Finder List - Interstate System - Table 2". Retrieved June 23, 2007.
  2. ^ Iowa Department of Transportation (1996). The National System of Interstate Defense Highways 1956–1996.
  3. ^ a b c d e 2009 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. January 1, 2009. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  4. ^ "35th Street gets a second name". The Des Moines Register. April 4, 1988. p. 9.
  5. ^ Iowa State Railroad Map (PDF) (Map). Iowa Department of Transportation. July 1, 2008. Retrieved March 20, 2010.{{cite map}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  6. ^ a b Traffic Flow Map of Des Moines A, Polk County (PDF) (Map). Iowa Department of Transportation. 2008. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  7. ^ Iowa Department of Transportation. "Traffic Counts". Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  8. ^ Iowa Completion Status of Interstate System (PDF) (Map). Iowa Department of Transportation. January 1, 1982. Retrieved March 20, 2010.{{cite map}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  9. ^ "Super Road Slices Through City". The Des Moines Register. November 24, 1993. p. 8.
  10. ^ Iowa Department of Transportation (2005). "I-235 Construction". Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  11. ^ Admin. "Miguel Rosales". Structurae. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
  12. ^ a b Iowa Department of Transportation (2005). "Pedestrian Bridges - General Information". Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  13. ^ KCCI8 (2015). "LEDs reignite radiance to Des Moines icons". Retrieved September 3, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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