Iodine (medical use)
 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Iodoflex, Iodosorb, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Routes of administration | topical, by mouth, IM |
| ATC code | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
Iodine is used to treat and prevent iodine deficiency and as an antiseptic.[1][2] For iodine deficiency it can be given by mouth or injection into a muscle.[1] As an antiseptic it may be used on wounds that are wet or to disinfect the skin before surgery.[2]
Common side effects when applied to the skin include irritation and discoloration.[2] When taken by mouth or injection side effects may include allergic reactions, goitre, and thyroid dysfunction.[1] Use during pregnancy is recommended in regions where deficiency is common, otherwise it is not recommended.[1][2] Iodine is an essential trace element.[1]
In 1811, Bernard Courtois isolated iodine from seaweed while in 1820 Jean-Francois Coindet linked iodine intake to goiter size.[3] It initially came into use as a disinfectant and for goiter.[4][5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.[6] Table salt with iodine, known as iodized salt, is available in more than 110 countries.[7] In areas with low dietary iodine one dose of iodine a year at 0.32 USD per dose may be recommended.[8][1]
Formulations
A number of iodine containing formulations are also used medically including:[9]
- potassium iodide (supplement)
- Lugol’s solution (supplement and disinfectant)
- povidone-iodine (disinfectant)
- iohexol (contrast agent)
- amidotrizoate (contrast agent)
- meglumine iotroxate (contrast agent)
- radioactive iodine
- Tincture of iodine
- So-called nascent iodine
- Iopanoic acid (contrast agent)
- Amiodarone (30% iodine content)
References
- ^ a b c d e f WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009. p. 499. ISBN 9789241547659. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d "Iodine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Leung, AM; Braverman, LE; Pearce, EN (Nov 13, 2012). "History of U.S. iodine fortification and supplementation". Nutrients. 4 (11): 1740–6. doi:10.3390/nu4111740. PMC 3509517. PMID 23201844. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Preedy, Victor R.; Burrow, Gerard N.; Watson, Ronald Ross (2009). Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine: Nutritional, Biochemical, Pathological and Therapeutic Aspects. Academic Press. p. 135. ISBN 9780080920863. Archived from the original on 2017-08-12.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Sneader, Walter (2005). Drug Discovery: A History. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780471899792. Archived from the original on 2017-01-13.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Watson, Ronald Ross; Gerald, Joe K.; Preedy, Victor R. (2010). Nutrients, Dietary Supplements, and Nutriceuticals: Cost Analysis Versus Clinical Benefits. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 37. ISBN 9781607613084. Archived from the original on 2017-01-13.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Rosso, Joy Miller Del; Marek, Tonia (1996). Class Action: Improving School Performance in the Developing World Through Better Health and Nutrition. World Bank Publications. p. 21. ISBN 9780821336724. Archived from the original on 2017-01-13.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ The selection and use of essential medicines: Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children) (PDF). WHO. 2015. pp. many. ISBN 9789240694941. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)
