Alexander Swettenham

Sir Alexander Swettenham
KCMG
Sir Alexander Swettenham KCMG
Governor of Jamaica
	In office; 30 September 1904 – 1907
Monarch	Edward VII
Preceded by	Augustus Hemming
Succeeded by	Sydney Haldane Olivier
41st Governor of British Guiana
	In office; 3 July 1901 – 26 September 1904
Monarch	Edward VII
Preceded by	Walter Joseph Sendall
Succeeded by	Frederick Mitchell Hodgson
Acting Governor of the Straits Settlements
	In office; 7 December 1899 – 5 November 1901
Monarchs	Queen Victoria; Edward VII
Preceded by	Sir Charles Mitchell
Succeeded by	Sir Frank Swettenham
7th Colonial Secretary, Straits Settlements
	In office; 11 February 1895 – 7 December 1899
Monarch	Queen Victoria
Governor	Charles Mitchell
Preceded by	William Edward Maxwell
Succeeded by	Walter Egerton (acting); Sir Charles Walter Sneyd Kynnersley (acting)
20th Accountant General and Controller of Revenue
	In office; 31 July 1891 – 10 June 1895
Preceded by	George Thomas Michael O'Brien
Succeeded by	William Thomas Taylor
Personal details
Born	James Alexander Swettenham; 1846; Belper, Derbyshire, England
Died	19 April 1933 (aged 86–87); La Colline, Switzerland
Resting place	Vevey, Switzerland
Spouse	Mary Emily née Copeland (m. 1905)
Parent	James Oldham Swettenham (father);
Alma mater	Clare College, Cambridge
Occupation	Colonial administrator

Sir James Alexander Swettenham KCMG (1846 – 19 April 1933) was a British colonial administrator who was Governor of British Guiana (1901–1904) and Governor of Jamaica (1904–1907).^[3]

Early life

Alexander was born the son of James Oldham Swettenham, an attorney-at-law, near Belper, Derbyshire and educated at Clare College, Cambridge.

Family

Alexander’s younger brother, Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham, was also a colonial administrator.

Alexander married Mary Emily Copeland,^[2] a descendant of the Staffordshire Wedgwood family. They had no children.

Career

Alexander joined the Ceylon Civil Service in 1868 and worked there until 1883, before being appointed Receiver-General for Cyprus in 1884, returning to Ceylon in 1891 where he was appointed the 20th Accountant General and Controller of Revenue in Sri Lanka. His appointment commenced on 31 July 1891, succeeding G. T. M. O'Brien, and he held the office until 10 June 1895, when he was succeeded by J. A. Taylor.^[4] Alexander moved to Singapore on 11 February 1895^[5] and served as the Colonial Secretary until 1899, becoming acting Governor that year, when Sir Charles Mitchell died in office, until handing over to his brother Frank in November 1901.

From 1901 to 1904 he served as Governor of British Guiana before moving to Jamaica to become Governor there. In 1907 there was a severe earthquake on the island and he was responsible for dealing with its aftermath. When a corps of American marines arrived under Rear-Admiral Charles H. Davis Jr to offer assistance he asked them to leave as he had matters under control. The Americans took offence and caused a diplomatic spat referred to as the Kingston Incident, as a result of which Swettenham was obliged to resign his position.^[6]

Death

Alexander died in a clinic in La Colline, Switzerland and was buried in Vevey.

Honour

Alexander was awarded CMG in 1892^[7] and was knighted KCMG in 1898.^[8]

References

^ "No. 27330". The London Gazette. 5 July 1901. p. 4470.
^ ^a ^b "Sir Alexander Swettenham's Marriage". Eastern Daily Mail and Straits Morning Advertiser. 4 October 1905. p. 3.
^ Corfield, Justin. Historical Dictionary of Singapore. p. 257.
^ "Former Auditor Generals". auditorgeneral.gov.lk. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
^ "No. 10649". The Edinburgh Gazette. 15 February 1895. p. 185.
^ "Wives in the Shadow (2) – the other Ladies Swettenham". Retrieved 2 July 2017.
^ "No. 26291". The London Gazette. 25 May 1892. p. 3139.
^ "No. 26969". The London Gazette. 21 May 1898. p. 3229.

External links

Bosher, J.F. Imperial Vancouver Island: Who Was Who, 1850–1950. p. 712.

Legal offices
Preceded by G. T. M. O'Brien	Accountant General and Controller of Revenue 1891–1895	Succeeded by William Thomas Taylor
Government offices
Preceded by William Edward Maxwell	Colonial Secretary, Straits Settlements 1895–1899	Succeeded by Walter Egerton Charles Walter Sneyd Kynnersley as acting Colonial Secretaries
Preceded by Sir Charles Mitchell as Governor	Acting Governor of the Straits Settlements 1899–1901	Succeeded by Sir Frank Swettenham as Governor
Preceded by Walter Joseph Sendall	Governor of British Guiana 1901–1904	Succeeded by Frederick Mitchell Hodgson
Preceded by Hugh Clarence Bourne	Governor of Jamaica 1904–1907	Succeeded by Hugh Clarence Bourne

[1] "No. 27330". The London Gazette. 5 July 1901. p. 4470.

[marriage-2] "Sir Alexander Swettenham's Marriage". Eastern Daily Mail and Straits Morning Advertiser. 4 October 1905. p. 3.

[3] Corfield, Justin. Historical Dictionary of Singapore. p. 257.

[4] "Former Auditor Generals". auditorgeneral.gov.lk. Retrieved 13 December 2013.

[5] "No. 10649". The Edinburgh Gazette. 15 February 1895. p. 185.

[6] "Wives in the Shadow (2) – the other Ladies Swettenham". Retrieved 2 July 2017.

[7] "No. 26291". The London Gazette. 25 May 1892. p. 3139.

[8] "No. 26969". The London Gazette. 21 May 1898. p. 3229.

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Governors of Singapore (1819–1959)
(with italics * for the Acting)
Resident of Singapore (1819–1826)	William Farquhar Dr. John Crawfurd
Governors of the Straits Settlements (under British India) (1826–1867)	Robert Fullerton Robert Ibbetson Kenneth Murchison Sir Samuel George Bonham William John Butterworth Edmund Augustus Blundell
Governors of the Straits Settlements (under Colonial Office) (1867–1942)	Sir Orfeur Cavenagh Sir Harry St. George Ord Sir Andrew Clarke Sir William Jervois Sir Archibald Edward Harbord Anson * Sir William Cleaver Francis Robinson Sir Archibald Edward Harbord Anson * Sir Frederick Aloysius Weld Sir Cecil Clementi Smith William Edward Maxwell * Sir Charles Bullen Hugh Mitchell Sir James Alexander Swettenham * Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham Sir John Anderson Sir Arthur Henderson Young Sir Laurence Nunns Guillemard Sir Hugh Charles Clifford Sir John Scott * Sir Cecil Clementi Sir Andrew Caldecott * Sir Thomas Shenton Whitelegge Thomas
Japanese Mayor of Syonan (1942–1945)	Shigeo Odate Kanichi Naito
British Military Administration of the Straits Settlements (1945–1946)	Lord Louis Mountbatten Sir Thomas Shenton Whitelegge Thomas
Governors of the Crown Colony of Singapore (1946–1959)	Sir Franklin Charles Gimson Wilfred Lawson Blythe * Sir John Fearns Nicoll William Allmond Codrington Goode * Sir Robert Brown Black Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode

Resident Councillors, Colonial Secretaries & Chief Secretaries of Singapore (1826 – 1959) (with italics * for the Acting)
Resident Councillors of Singapore (1826 – 1867)	John Prince Kenneth Murchison Samuel George Bonham Thomas Church Henry Somerset MacKenzie Ronald MacPherson
Colonial Secretaries of Straits Settlements (1867 – 1942)	Ronald MacPherson James W. W. Birch Thomas Braddell * William Willans * Charles John Irving * John Douglas Cecil Clementi Smith Sir John Frederick Dickson Arthur Philip Talbot * William Edward Maxwell James Alexander Swettenham Walter Egerton * Charles Walter Sneyd-Kynnersley * Sir William Thomas Taylor Frederick George Penney Edward Lewis Brockman * Sir Arthur Henderson Young Edward Lewis Brockman Richard James Wilkinson Sir Frederick Seton James George Hemmant * Edward Shaw Hose Sir Hayes Marriott George Hemmant * Sir John Scott Sir Andrew Caldecott Sir Alexander Sym Small Stanley Wilson Jones Hugh Fraser *
Colonial Secretaries of Singapore (1946 – 1955)	Sir Patrick McKerron J D M Smith * Wilfred Lawson Blythe William Allmond Codrington Goode
Chief Secretaries of Singapore (1955 – 1959)	Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode Edgeworth Beresford David