Jean Brooks

Jean Brooks
Brooks in a publicity photo for The Seventh Victim (1943)
Born	Ruby M. Kelly (1915-12-23)December 23, 1915 Houston, Texas, U.S.
Died	November 25, 1963(1963-11-25) (aged 46) Richmond, California, U.S.
Cause of death	Complications from malnutrition and alcoholism
Occupation(s)	Actress, singer
Years active	1935-1948
Spouse(s)	Richard Brooks (1941–1944; divorced) Thomas H. Leddy (?-1963; her death)

Jean Brooks (born Ruby M. Kelly; also known as Jeanne Kelly; December 23, 1916 – November 25, 1963) was an American film actress and singer who appeared in over thirty films. Though she never achieved major stardom in Hollywood, she landed a number of prominent roles in the early 1940s, particularly her role in Mark Robson's film noir, The Seventh Victim (1943). Brooks eventually disappeared from Hollywood and died of complications from alcoholism.

Early life

Brooks was born Ruby M. Kelly in Houston, Texas, the daughter of Horace and Robina Kelly. She had two living older brothers; a third son died in 1912 at age 7.

Some publications list her date of birth as December 23, 1915, though biographer Douglass Daniel lists Brooks' birth year as 1916 in his book Tough as Nails: The Life and Films of Richard Brooks. She spent her early years in Houston, as well as New York City and Costa Rica. After her father's death in Brooks' youth, she and her mother moved to Costa Rica (her mother's native country), where they lived on Brooks' grandfather's coffee plantation. She was fluent in both English and Spanish.

Career

Beginnings

Brooks began her professional career as a singer at New York City's Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, where she sang in Enric Madriguera's orchestra. She adopted the name Jeanne Kelly for her entertainment career. With the help of Erich von Stroheim, whom Brooks had met while working at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, she began her acting career. Her first screen role was in the Arcturus Pictures release Obeah (1935), a film about Obeah curses.

After a couple of bit parts, she starred alongside von Stroheim in The Crime of Dr. Crespi (1935). Brooks parted ways with von Stroheim some time after Crespi. She then acted in the New York stage melodrama Name Your Poison.

In 1938, Brooks attempted to get back into film acting. After a failed screen test with 20th Century Fox, and the collapse of Major Productions (who had signed Brooks three weeks before going out of business), she signed a contract to star in Spanish language films for Paramount Pictures. She landed two starring roles with Paramount, acting under the stage name Robina Duarte.

After the Paramount contract, Brooks spent another year taking bit parts. In 1940, she landed a contract with Universal Studios. After more bit parts and small roles, Brooks was awarded with her first leading role in a feature film, playing "Laura" in The Devil's Pipeline in 1940. Her performance was not well received: Variety described her as "flat." Universal never gave her star treatment, preferring instead to cast her in small roles and B-movies.

Later career

In 1941, Jean met and married writer and future film director Richard Brooks. (Though this is known to have been her second marriage, there is no information on her first. It is rumored to have been to Erich von Stroheim.) Shortly thereafter, Universal dropped Brooks' contract. She spent most of 1942 working bit parts, now performing under the name Jean Brooks. It is likely that she adopted her husband's name as a stage name because dancer Gene Kelly began acting in films in 1942.

In 1943, she signed a contract with RKO Radio Pictures. At RKO, Brooks was to achieve her greatest success, though stardom eluded her. She appeared in six of The Falcon mystery movies, and was cast in two of Val Lewton's horror classics, as the heroine Kiki Walker in The Leopard Man, and as the depressed devil-worshipper Jacqueline Gibson in The Seventh Victim, this latter role being the one for which she is most widely remembered today.

It is a sad coincidence (and perhaps part of the film's success) that, while portraying the depressed Jacqueline, Brooks' own life was falling apart. During the filming of The Seventh Victim, Brooks had separated from her husband. She and Richard Brooks divorced in 1944. It was also widely rumored that she had begun drinking heavily. (Cecilia Maskell, the daughter of Brooks' cousin, Gloria White, has remarked that alcoholism runs in the family.)

Though Brooks continued to land prominent roles with RKO throughout 1944, most notably The Falcon and the Co-eds and Lewton's juvenile delinquency film Youth Runs Wild, her career unraveled. RKO began casting her in smaller and smaller roles, and she was noticeably gaining weight. She arrived at the September 1945 premiere of First Yank into Tokyo drunk. In other personal appearances she would pass out in public.

Though RKO was angry with her, Brooks reportedly tore up her contract before they could fire her. She never made another film. Apparently, no one in Hollywood had contact with her again.

Retirement from acting; death

In 1946, Brooks met newly returned Marine Corps veteran, William Douglas Lansford, and they married. The marriage lasted 10 years, most of which were spent while Lansford was back in the armed forces (Army) and they were stationed at various bases in the U.S. It was a happy time for her while she formed amateur theater groups and worked in productions along with her husband who was a writer, at the various places they were stationed. But alcoholism persisted. Lansford, too, was a heavy drinker and soon it overwhelmed the marriage. They were divorced in 1956 and Lansford remarried to Ruth Ketcham of Long Island, NY.

In the mid-1950s, Brooks married Thomas H. Leddy in San Francisco. She died in 1963. Her death certificate listed her as having suffered from "nutritional inadequacy" for 15 years, probably from alcoholism. She also suffered from Laennec's Cirrhosis in her final five years of life. She was buried at sea the following year. Her burial was reported in the papers in Costa Rica, though there were no obituaries, and apparently no knowledge of her death, in Hollywood.

Sadly, none of her old Hollywood associates knew anything of her life or her condition. On August 7, 1990, 27 years after Brooks's death, the following appeared in The Hollywood Reporter: "Anyone know the whereabouts of Jean Brooks? Once married to director Richard Brooks, thus her name, she was aka Jeanne Kelly and under contract to both Universal and RKO in the 1940s...Even Richard B. and several of the actress' former pals say they've lost all contact with her whereabouts."

Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1935	Obeah		uncredited
	Frankie and Johnnie	Cabaret Girl	uncredited
	Tango-Bar		uncredited
	The Crime of Dr. Crespi	Miss Gordon
1936	The Wife of the Party	The Wife	Short film
1938	Wedding Yells		Short film
	El Trovador de la radio		Credited as Robina Duarte
1939	El Milagro de la calle mayor		Credited as Robina Duarte
	The Invisible Killer	Gloria Cunningham
	Miracle on Main Street	Nina
1940	The Invisible Man Returns		uncredited
	Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe	Olga, Blonde Ming Henchwoman	uncredited
	Son of Roaring Dan	Eris Brooke
	The Devil's Pipeline	Laura Larson
1941	The Green Hornet Strikes Again!	Gloria Manning
	Buck Privates	Camp Hostess
	Meet the Chump	Madge Reilly
	A Dangerous Game	Anne Bennett
	Too Many Blondes	Agel De Vol
	For Beauty's Sake	Beauty Shop Operator	uncredited
	Riders of Death Valley	Mary Morgan
	Man from Montana	Linda Thompson
	Badlands of Dakota	Bella Union Girl	uncredited
	Fighting Bill Fargo	Linda Tyler
1942	Klondike Fury	Rae Langton
	Boot Hill Bandits	May Meadows
	The Boss of Big Town	Iris Moore
1943	The Falcon Strikes Back	Spanish Girl	uncredited
	The Leopard Man	Kiki Walker
	The Falcon in Danger	Iris Fairchild
	The Seventh Victim	Jacqueline Gibson
	The Falcon and the Co-eds	Vicky Gaines
1944	A Night of Adventure	Julie Arden
	Youth Runs Wild	Mary Hauser Coates
	The Falcon in Hollywood	Roxanna Miles
1945	Two O'Clock Courage	Barbara Borden
1946	The Falcon's Alibi	Baroness Lena
	The Bamboo Blonde	Marsha
1948	Women in the Night	Maya

References

• Mank, Gregory William. "The Mystery of Jean Brooks: Angel in a Cleopatra Wig." Midnight Marquee (Winter 1994), p. 6-17.

External links

• Jean Brooks at IMDb
• Jean Brooks at AllMovie