Jewish Naturalisation Act 1753
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The Jewish Naturalization Act 1753 was an Act of Parliament (26 Geo. 2, c. 26) of the Parliament of Great Britain, which received royal assent on 7 July 1753 but was repealed in 1754 (27 Geo 2, c. 1) due to widespread opposition to its provisions.[1]
During the Jacobite rising of 1745, the Jews had shown particular loyalty to the government. Their chief financier, Sampson Gideon, had strengthened the stock market, and several of the younger members had volunteered in the corps raised to defend London. Possibly as a reward, Henry Pelham in 1753 brought in the Jew Bill of 1753, which allowed Jews to become naturalised by application to Parliament. It passed the Lords without much opposition, but on being brought down to the House of Commons, the Tories made protest against what they deemed an "abandonment of Christianity." The Whigs, however, persisted in carrying out at least one part of their general policy of religious toleration, and the bill was passed and received royal assent (26 Geo. II., cap. 26). The public reacted with an enormous outburst of antisemitism, and the Bill was repealed in the next sitting of Parliament, in 1754.)[2]
German Jews
While the Sephardim chiefly congregated in London as the centre of international commerce, Jews immigrating from Germany and Poland settled for the most part in the seaports of the south and west, such as Falmouth, Plymouth, Liverpool, Bristol, etc., as pawnbrokers and small dealers. From these centres it became their custom to send out hawkers every Monday with packs to the neighbouring villages, whereby connections were made with some of the inland towns, where they began to settle, such as Canterbury, Chatham, and Cambridge, Manchester, and Birmingham. Traders of this type, while not of such prominence as the larger merchants of the capital, came in closer contact with ordinary English people and may have helped to allay some of the prejudice which had been manifested so strongly in 1753.
See also
- History of the Jews in England
- History of the Jews in England (1066–1290)
- Edict of Expulsion
- History of the Marranos in England
- Resettlement of the Jews in England
- Menasseh Ben Israel (1604–1657)
- Influences on the standing of the Jews in England
- Emancipation of the Jews in the United Kingdom
- Early English Jewish literature
- Rothschild family
- History of the Jews in Scotland
References
- ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 316. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Appelbaum, Diana Muir (14 November 2012). "Jacob's Sons in the Bishop's Palace". Jewish Ideas Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
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Further reading
- David S. Katz, Philo-Semitism and the Readmission of the Jews to England, 1603-1655 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982)
- David S. Katz, The Jews in the History of England, 1485-1850 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994)
- Rabin, Dana Y. "The Jew Bill of 1753: Masculinity, virility, and the nation." Eighteenth-century studies 39.2 (2006): 157-171.
External links
- England-related articles in the Jewish Encyclopedia