Joel 1
| Joel 1 | |
|---|---|
← Hosea 14 | |
 | |
| Book | Book of Joel |
| Category | Nevi'im |
| Christian Bible part | Old Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 29 |
Joel 1 is the first chapter of the Book of Joel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Joel, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[3][4]
Text
- The original text is written in Hebrew language.
- This chapter is divided into 20 verses.
Textual versions
Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:
- Masoretic Text (10th century)
- Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC)[5]
Ancient translations in Koine Greek:
- Septuagint (3rd century BC)
- Theodotion version (~AD 180)
Structure
NKJV groups this chapter (with cross references to other parts of the Bible):
- Joel 1:1 = Title
- Joel 1:2–12 = The Land Laid Waste
- Joel 1:13–20 = Mourning for the Land
Verse 1
The word of the Lord that came to Joel the son of Pethuel.[6]
- The name "Joel" means "one to whom Jehovah is God," that is, "worshipper of Jehovah". The prophet seems to have belonged to Judah, as no reference occurs to Israel; whereas he speaks of Jerusalem, the temple, the priests, and the ceremonies, as if he were intimately familiar with them (compare Joel 1:14; 2:1, 15, 32; 3:1, 2, 6, 16, 17, 20, 21).[7]
Verse 4
What the chewing locust left, the swarming locust has eaten;
What the swarming locust left, the crawling locust has eaten;
And what the crawling locust left, the consuming locust has eaten.[8]
Hebrew text
יתר הגזם אכל הארבה ויתר הארבה אכל הילק ויתר הילק אכל החסיל׃
Transliteration
ye·ṯer ha·gā·zām ’ā·ḵal hā·’ar·beh,
wə·ye·ṯer hā·’ar·beh ’ā·ḵal ha·yā·leq,
wə·ye·ṯer ha·ye·leq ’ā·ḵal he·khā·sîl.
Cross reference: Joel 2:25.
Exact identity of these locusts is unknown.
| Hebrew; transliteration | English | Appearance in Hebrew Bible | Other Bible verses |
|---|---|---|---|
| גזם, gā·zām | chewing locust; gnawing locust; palmerworm; caterpillar | 3 | Joel 2:25; Amos 4:9 |
| ארבה, ’ar·beh | swarming locust; locusts; grasshoppers | 24 | Exodus 10:4, 12–14, 19; Leviticus 11:22; Deuteronomy 28:38; Judges 6:5; 7:12; 1 Kings 8:37; 2 Chronicles 6:28;Job 39:20; Psalm 78:46; 105:34; 109:23; Proverb 30:27Template:Bibleverse with invalid book; Jeremiah 46:23; Joel 2:25; Nahum 3:15,17 |
| ילק, yā·leq | crawling locust; creeping locust ; locusts; young locusts; cankerworm | 9 | Psalm 105:34; Jeremiah 51:14, 27; Joel 2:25; Nahum 3:15,16 |
| חסיל, khā·sîl | consuming locust; stripping locust; caterpillar; grasshopper | 6 | 1 Kings 8:37; 2 Chronicles 6:28; Psalm 78:46; Isaiah 33:4; Joel 2:25 |
See also
- Locust
- Related Bible parts: Deuteronomy 28, 1 Kings 8, Psalm 78, Psalm 105, Psalm 109, Isaiah 33, Joel 2, Amos 4, Nahum 3
References
- ^ Collins 2014. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFCollins2014 (help)
- ^ Hayes 2015. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFHayes2015 (help)
- ^ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
- ^ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
- ^ a b c Dead sea scrolls - Joel
- ^ Joel 1:1
- ^ Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
- ^ Joel 1:4
Bibliography
- Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press.
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Bibliography
- Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press.
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External links
- Jewish translations:
- Joel (Judaica Press) translation with Rashi's commentary at Chabad.org
- Christian translations:
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
Joel public domain audiobook at LibriVox Various versions
