Johann Friedrich Gmelin

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J. F. Gmelin
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748–1804)
Born(1748-08-08)8 August 1748
Tübingen, Holy Roman Empire
Died1 November 1804(1804-11-01) (aged 56)
Göttingen, Holy Roman Empire
NationalityGerman
Alma materUniversity of Tübingen
Known forTextbooks
Scientific career
FieldsNaturalist, botanist and entomologist
InstitutionsUniversity of Göttingen
University of Tübingen
Doctoral advisorPhilipp Friedrich Gmelin
Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger
Doctoral studentsGeorg Friedrich Hildebrandt
Friedrich Stromeyer
Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer
Wilhelm August Lampadius
Author abbrev. (botany)J.F.Gmel.
Notes
He was the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin and the father of Leopold Gmelin.

Johann Friedrich Gmelin (8 August 1748 – 1 November 1804) was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist and malacologist.

Education

Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen. He studied medicine under his father[1] at University of Tübingen and graduated with an MD in 1768, with a thesis entitled: Irritabilitatem vegetabilium, in singulis plantarum partibus exploratam ulterioribusque experimentis confirmatam., defended under the presidency of Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger,[2] whom he thanks with the words Patrono et praeceptore in aeternum pie devenerando, pro summis in medicina obtinendis honoribus.

Career

In 1769, Gmelin became an adjunct professor of medicine at University of Tübingen. In 1773 he became professor of philosophy and adjunct professor of medicine at University of Göttingen. He was promoted to full professor of medicine and professor of chemistry, botany and mineralogy in 1778. He died in 1804 in Göttingen.

Johann Friedrich Gmelin published several textbooks in the fields of chemistry, pharmaceutical science, mineralogy and botany. He also published the 13th edition of Systema Naturae by Carolus Linnaeus in 1788.

Legacy

The Artemisia plant Gmelin's Wormwood or Artemisia gmelinii is named after him.

Among his students were Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt, Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer, Friedrich Stromeyer and Wilhelm August Lampadius. He was the father of Leopold Gmelin.

He discovered the Redfin Pickerel in 1789.

In the scientific field of herpetology he described many new species of amphibians and reptiles.[3]

In the field of malacology he described and named many species of gastropods.

The standard author abbreviation J.F.Gmel. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[4]

Publications

  • Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1768). Irritabilitatem vegetabilium, in singulis plantarum partibus exploraam ulterioribusque experimentis confirmatam. Thesis Tübingen. OCLC 10717434. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  • Allgemeine Geschichte der Gifte, Two Volumes, 1776/1777
  • Allgemeine Geschichte der Pflanzengifte, 1777
  • Allgemeine Geschichte der mineralischen Gifte, 1777
  • Einleitung in die Chemie, 1780
  • Beyträge zur Geschichte des teutschen Bergbaus, 1783
  • Ueber die neuere Entdeckungen in der Lehre von der Luft, und deren Anwendung auf Arzneikunst, 1784
  • Grundsätze der technischen Chemie, 1786
  • Grundriß der Pharmazie, 1792
  • Geschichte der Chemie, 1799
  • Allgemeine Geschichte der thierischen und mineralischen Gifte, 1806
Göttingen, Cheltenhampark, Grave of Johann Friedrich Gmelin

References

  1. ^ Mainz, Vera V. (1998). "Genealogy Database Entry: Gmelin, Johann Friedrich" (PDF). School of Chemical Sciences Web Genealogy. University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. Retrieved 2009-01-01. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Irritabilitatem vegetabilium in singulis plantarum partibus exploratatam
  3. ^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  4. ^ International Plant Names Index.  J.F.Gmel.
  • Vane-Wright, R. I., 1975. The butterflies named by J. F. Gmelin (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera).Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History),Entomology, 32: 17-64.

External links

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