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Julio Moizeszowicz

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Julio Moizeszowicz
Born(1943-05-25)25 May 1943
Buenos Aires
Scientific career
Fieldspsychiatry, Psychotherapy, Neuroscience
InstitutionsProfesor de la Facultad de Medicina de Universidad de Buenos Aires

Julio Moizeszowicz is an Argentine psychiatrist. He was born (1943-05-25)25 May 1943 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He is the son of Polish immigrants, who moved to Argentina before the World War II.[1]

From 1965-1968 he was a Resident Physician at the University of Buenos Aires, Medical Clinic Research Institute (under the head of Alfredo Lanari). He worked here with the team that makes the first´s kidney transplants and the interactions with the Balint Society in Argentina.

In 1968, after completing his residency, went to Germany to learn about the clinical drug development (psychopharmacologic and others), on Phase I-II (nomifensine, etifoxine, clobazam, loprazolam, streptokinase, Haemaccel), at the Pharmacologic and Medical Department of Hoechst AG, Behringwerke in Germany.

In 1973 he started at the National Neuropsychiatric Hospital José Tiburcio Borda in Buenos Aires. He was firmly interested in the biological basis of the mind. Obtains specialty degree and certification of Psychiatrist (thesis: "Update on the Clinical Evaluation of Psychotropic Drugs," Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de América Latina 1975; 21: 41-51.)

In 1983 he obtained the post, in an opposed and open scientific competition, of Associate Professor, at the Department of Mental Health, in the Buenos Aires Medical School, with the Jury of Horacio Etchegoyen, Mauricio Goldenberg and Dionisio Duarte.

He held the position until 1994, at the Department of Mental Health, in the Jewish Hospital of Buenos Aires, under the Head of the Mental Health Department (Dr. Jorge Garcia Badaracco), taught criteria of evidence-based medicine on the neuro-psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments of patients in general hospital.

During 1983 to 1989 made Psychoanalysis Didactic Teaching and Supervision at the Psychoanalytic Association of Buenos Aires (ApdeBA, affiliated to the International Psychoanalytic Association) with Dr. Elizabeth Tabak and Dr. Horacio Etchegoyen.

He was Medical Director at the Day Mental Health Clinic "The Aleph" (Multiple Therapies Community and Social Learning, 1986–1995); President of the Foundation of Psychopharmacology Research ; Editor of the "Revista Argentina de Psicofarmacología" (Argentine Psychopharmacology Journal, 1995–2000) and the "Revista FundoPsi, Evidencia en Psicofarmacología" (Argentine Journal of Evidence-based Psychopharmacology, 2000–2004).

Was Professor at Salta Health Sciences School, National University of Salta (1985–1986); Visiting Professor at the School of Medicine, National University of Córdoba (1997) and the Galician School of Health Administration (under the Head Mental Health Department, Dr. Tiburcio Angosto Saura), Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 2001; Professor of Psychopathology at the Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic Association; Professor of Psychopharmacology at the Argentine Psychiatrist Association; Supervisor at the Psychopharmacology´s Section of the department of Psychopathology in the Israeli Hospital, Buenos Aires (1977–1989).

He has served as President of the Psychopharmacology Section of the Argentine Psychiatrist Association (affiliate to the World Psychiatric Association, 1983–1993); Member of the Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic Association (component society of the International Psychoanalytic Association) and the New York Academy of Sciences.

Currently is International Member of the American Psychiatric Association, Who's Who, Marquis Publication, of the Argentine Medical Association, of the Argentine Psychiatric Association and of the Board of the Argentine College of Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience.

Scientific contributions

Julio Moizeszowicz developed psychopharmacological investigations trying to complement the relationships between the body and mind, articulated through the psychotherapies, psychoanalytic and psychopharmacological treatments, in various mental disorders.

In his writings he states, that the quantitative invasion (psychological and chemical), disorganizes the psychic apparatus, necessitating the administration of psychoactive drugs to restore the order of the quality and the mental representations.

It has been demonstrated that besides the genetic factors, emotional factors may cause changes in quantity and quality of the brain's neurotransmitters.

To the quantitative invasion of the mental apparatus should be added the human inability to respond to it properly. This is due to the limited possibilities of controlling and elaborate mentally psychic excitements. An excessive influx of excitement immediately cancelled the pleasure principle, forcing the psychic apparatus to perform a more urgent task: to link the excitations to allow its subsequent discharge. The action of the pleasure principle requires the fulfillment of certain conditions, which are canceled by psychological trauma.

Sigmund Freud, in his 1895 book "Project for a Scientific Psychology", confirms the concept of "a quantity of arousal which moves along the neural networks". At the time of the discovery of human hormones, Freud adds in "Outline of Psychoanalysis" (1938), that "it is possible to act chemically on the psychic apparatus".

Today it is known that every neuron propagates its information through an action potential (electrical signal) and synapses are governed by neurotransmitters. The flow of information is transmitted inside neurons from dendrites in the body of the neuron and from there to the axon. To continue the propagation of impulses within neurons, the electrical impulse is converted into chemicals. This release of neurotransmitters in the synaptic gap (stored in vesicles), allows the intervention of psychotropic drugs.

These neurotransmitters are "captured" by cell surface receptors, which generate an excitatory postsynaptic potential, in order to transmit the impulse again to another cell. In order to maintain permanent changes over time is necessary to store that information. This is done, primarily, through the basic structures messengers (messenger RNA). In this way the original message can be fixed in the nucleus of the neuron, where the DNA encoding it definitively to remain in memory (neuronal plasticity).

Eric Kandel (Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2000), demonstrated the existence of a genetic memory. Now, it is possible to differentiate between genetic and epigenetic in mental disorders. This is performed through intracellular chemical messengers (signal transduction), which attempt to modify the activity of genes.

Neuronal responsel (gene transcription) "Psicofarmacología y Territorio Freudiano", page 49.

From Freudian theory, psychosis means that a quantitative attack of impulses cannot be qualified. This invasion of emotions produces psychotic disorders: the Ego merges with the Id, away from the outside world. If on the contrary the Ego takes alliance with the outside world, but cannot prevail over the Id will be generated the neurotic disorders. If the conflict is done through the Superego, depression appears. The presence of over-adaptation to reality, will lead to psychosomatic diseases. This strong invasion to the mental apparatus can produce in neurotic patients, intense accesses of anxiety, for example, can generate panic attacks; in psychosis patients can cause a psychotic breakdown, with a complete loss, of the labile restorative construction (which allowed the patient to "live" until that moment).

Since 1950, with the synthesis of the typical antipsychotic (chlorpromazine) and the antidepressant (imipramine), Psychopharmacology advances at a dizzying rate, taking advantage of the progress of other sciences. At present, there are methods to investigate chemical and psychological responses of the central nervous system, through the neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and computed tomography single-photon emission tomography), the neurochemistry and the bioelectricity.

The psychoactive drugs may be regarded as an object, which acts when the words (the order of the quality and the representations), disappear, as a consequence of a quantitative invasion of the mental apparatus. Are also useful in the prophylactic phases of these mental disorders, with painful vital conflicts, like separations, bereavement, job losses, etc., which can result in acute quantitative responses, usually known in advance, by family and psychotherapists. It is recommended that the patient take the medication correctly (compliance), and reach an agreement, through a therapeutic relationship, where the doctor can clarify to the patient, the benefits, as well as the balance of risks, of psychotherapies and psychopharmacological medications.

References

  1. ^ * Neurocognitive Components of Chronic Schizophrenia. Fiszbein, A., Opler, L.A., Kay S. R., Rosenkilde, C.E., Ramirez, P. M., Moizeszowicz, J., and Gorelick, A. S. Program and Papers on New Research Syllabus, The One Hundred and Forty-Fourth Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, New Orleans, USA, 1991; NR3.

Publications

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