Kōdō Sawaki
Kodo Sawaki | |
|---|---|
| Title | Rōshi |
| Personal | |
| Born | June 16, 1880 |
| Died | December 21, 1965 (aged 85) |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| School | Sōtō |
| Senior posting | |
| Successor | Kosho Uchiyama |
Kodo Sawaki (沢木 興道, Sawaki Kōdō, June 16, 1880[1] - December 21, 1965) was a prominent Japanese Sōtō Zen teacher of the 20th century. He is considered to be one of the most significant Zen priests of his time for bringing Zen practice into the lives of laypeople[2] and popularizing the ancient tradition of sewing the kesa. Peter Sloterdijk has called him "one of the most striking Zen masters of recent times." [3]
Biography
Sawaki was born in Tsu, Mie on June 16, 1880.[1] He was the sixth child and both his parents died when he was young,[4] his mother when he was four and his father three years later.[1] Sawaki was then was adopted by an aunt whose husband soon died.[1] After this, Sawaki was raised by a gambler[4] and lantern maker named Bunkichi Sawaki.[1]
When he was 16, he ran away from home to become a monk at Eihei-ji, one of the two head temples of the Sōtō Zen sect, and later traveled to Soshin-ji where he was ordained in 1899 by Koho Sawada.[1][4][5] However, he was drafted to serve in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 to minister to the wounded.
After being discharged in 1906,[1] Sawaki became head student at Soshin-ji.[1] He received dharma transmission later that year from Zenko Sawada.[1] He then studied Shin Buddhism in Takada[disambiguation needed] for two years.[1] From there, Sawaki traveled to Hōryū-ji to study Yogacara with Join Saeki.[1] At this point, Sawaki began studying Dogen and practicing zazen.[1] Sawaki spent a three-month practice period studying Dogen with Oka Sotan.[1]
He later became a Zen teacher, and during the 1930s he served as a professor at Komazawa University.[4][5] In 1949, he took responsibility for Antai-ji, a zen temple in northern Kyoto.[4] Because of his regular travels throughout Japan to teach zen, and against tradition his not becoming a conventional abbot of a home temple, he came to be known as "Homeless Kodo"[4] ("homeless" in the Japanese referring more to his lack of a temple than a residence). Sawaki died on December 21, 1965, at Antaiji.[5] He was succeeded by a senior disciple, Kosho Uchiyama.
He is known for his rigorous emphasis on zazen, in particular the practice of shikantaza, or "just sitting".[4] He often called Zen "wonderfully useless," discouraging any gaining idea or seeking after special experiences or states of consciousness.
Lineage
Dharma transmission to
Though Sawaki ordained many monks and nuns, only five monks and three nuns received Dharma Transmission (Shihō) from Sawaki:
- Shūyū Narita (1914-2004): students in Japan and Europe.
- Kosho Uchiyama (1912-1998): succeeded Sawaki as abbot of Antai-ji.
- Sodō Yokoyama(?): also called "Kusabue Zenji (Zen master of the grass-flute)".
- Satō Myōshin, active in Japan.
- Kōjun Kishigami[6] (born 1941): lives in Japan; students in Japan, France and Germany.
- Jōshin Kasai: died in 1984 at Antai-ji.
- Kōbun Okamoto: lives in Ichi-no-miya, Japan, where she teaches kesa sewing.
- Baikō Fukuda.
Influential students
Other influential students of Sawaki who did not receive Dharma transmission from him are:
- Gudo Wafu Nishijima (1919-2014): teacher of Brad Warner.[7] and Jundo Cohen[8]
- Taisen Deshimaru[9] (1914-1982): went to France in 1967 and lived there for the rest of his life, establishing the Association Zen Internationale.
Bibliography
- Sawaki, Kōdō; Uchiyama, Kōshō; Okumura, Shōhaku (2014). The Zen Teaching of Homeless Kodo. Wisdom Publications. ISBN 978-1614290483.
- Sawaki, Kōdō; O'Conner (translator), Tonen (2014). Commentary on the Song of Awakening. Merwin Asia. ISBN 978-1937385613.
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References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Uchiyama, Kōshō; Okumura, Shohaku (2014). The Zen Teaching of "Homeless" Kôdô. Wisdom Publications. pp. 235–246. ISBN 978-1-61429-048-3.
- ^ Uchiyama, Kōshō; Okumura, Shohaku (2014). The Zen Teaching of "Homeless" Kôdô. Wisdom Publications. p. 231. ISBN 978-1-61429-048-3.
- ^ Sloterdjik, Peter (2013). You Must Change Your Life. Polity Press. ISBN 978-0-7456-4921-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ford, James Ishmael (2006). Zen Master Who?: A Guide to the People and Stories of Zen. Wisdom Publications. pp. 138–139. ISBN 0-86171-509-8.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ a b c "About Sanshin-ji". Sanshin Zen Community. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
- ^ Sangha Sans Demeure, Kojun Kishigami Osho
- ^ "Sex, Sin & Zen: Brad Warner and the Lust for Enlightenment". The Huffington Post.
- ^ "Lineage: a continuing history..." Treeleaf Zendo. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
- ^ Sangha Sans Demeure
External links
