Lecanora

Lecanora
	Lecanora muralis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Lecanoromycetes
Order:	Lecanorales
Family:	Lecanoraceae
Genus:	Lecanora; Ach. (1809)
Type species
	Lecanora subfusca; (L.) Ach. (1810)
Diversity
	about 500 species

Lecanora is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.^[1]^: 279^[2] Lichens in the genus Squamarina are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly circular fruiting discs (apothecia) with rims that have photosynthetic tissue similar to that of the nonfruiting part of the lichen body (thallus).^[1] Other lichens with apothecia having margins made of thallus-like tissue are called lecanorine.^[1]

It is in the family Lecanoraceae in the suborder Lecanorineae.^[3]^[4]

Description

Lecanora has a crustose thallus, trebouxioid photobiont, colourless ascospores and crystals in the amphothecium.^[5]^: 680

Swiss lichenologist Rosmarie Honegger used electron microscopy in the late 1970s to investigate ascus structure in several major groups of lichen-forming fungi. She defined the Lecanora-type ascus as one characterized by several distinctive features: (1) a non-amyloid, clear ascus wall that is encased in an amyloid outer layer often described as a fuzzy coat; (2) an amyloid dome filled with granular inclusions set within a clear matrix; (3) a clear central layer inside the dome; and (4) a method of opening, or dehiscence, that is rostrate (resembling the shape of a bird's beak – the ascus has a pointed or protruding tip from which the spores are released).^[6]

Species

A 2008 estimate placed over 550 species in the genus. As of July 2022, Index Fungorum lists 245 species in the genus.

Lecanora campestris (Schaer.) Hue 1888
Lecanora conizaeoides Nyl. ex Cromb. 1885^[7]
Lecanora gangaleoides, Nyl. 1872
Lecanora grantii, H. Magn. 1932
Lecanora helicopis, (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Ach. 1814
Lecanora mellea, W.A.Weber (1975)
Lecanora muralis, (Schreb.) Rabenh. (1845)
Lecanora poliophaea, (Wahlenb.) Ach. 1810
Lecanora rupicola, (L.) Zahlbr. 1928
Lecanora straminea, Wahlenb. ex Ach.
Lecanora strobilina, (Spreng.) Kieff. 1895
Lecanora usneicola, Etayo, 2006

Gallery

Lecanora strobilina
Lecanora cf. muralis lichen on the banks of the Bega canal in Timișoara
Lecanora from coastal California

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
^ USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
^ Rim Lichen (Squamarina), Encyclopedia of Life
^ C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed. (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) ISBN 0-471-52229-5
^ FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND: Lichens including lichen-forming and licheniculous fungi, Revised second edition, Volume one, D. J. Galloway, Manaaki Whenua Press, Landcare Research 2007, ISBN 978-0-478-09376-6
^ Honegger, R. (1978). "The ascus apex in lichenized fungi I. The Lecanora-, Peltigera- and Teloschistes-types" (PDF). The Lichenologist. 10 (1): 47–67. doi:10.1017/s0024282978000079. S2CID 84629945.
^ Mycobank: Lecanora conizaeoides

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[SSFGCL-1] Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2

[USDA-2] USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search

[3] Rim Lichen (Squamarina), Encyclopedia of Life

[4] C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell, Introductory Mycology, 4th ed. (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) ISBN 0-471-52229-5

[5] FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND: Lichens including lichen-forming and licheniculous fungi, Revised second edition, Volume one, D. J. Galloway, Manaaki Whenua Press, Landcare Research 2007, ISBN 978-0-478-09376-6

[Honegger_1978-6] Honegger, R. (1978). "The ascus apex in lichenized fungi I. The Lecanora-, Peltigera- and Teloschistes-types" (PDF). The Lichenologist. 10 (1): 47–67. doi:10.1017/s0024282978000079. S2CID 84629945.

[7] Mycobank: Lecanora conizaeoides

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