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List of aerial victories claimed by Oskar-Heinrich Bär

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Main article: Heinrich Bär
Bär inspecting his 184th aerial victory, a Boeing B-17F of 91st Bomb Group on 21 February 1944. His wingman Leo Schuhmacher is standing to his right.[1]

Oskar-Heinrich Bär (25 May 1913 – 28 April 1957) was a German Luftwaffe flying ace who served throughout World War II in Europe.[2] Bär flew more than one thousand combat missions, and fought in the Western, Eastern and Mediterranean theatres. On 18 occasions he survived being shot down, and according to records in the German Federal Archives, he claimed to have shot down 228 enemy aircraft and was credited with 208 aerial victories, 16 of which were in a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter. Sources credit him with 220 – 96 on Eastern Theatre and 124 on Western Theatre – up to 222 aerial victories may also be possible.[3][4][5]

List of aerial victories claimed

[edit]

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Bär was credited with 221 aerial victories.[4] Obermaier also lists him with 221 aerial victories.[6] The highest figure is given by Aders and Held who list Bär with 222 aerial victory claims.[5] According to Spick, as well as by Morgan and Weal, Bär was credited with 220 aerial victories.[7][8] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 208 aerial victory claims, plus 20 further unconfirmed claims. This figure includes 95 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and 113 on the Western Front, including 14 four-engined bombers and 15 victories with the Me 262 jet fighter.[9]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 05 Ost S/FN". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[10]

♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Bär an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
– (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Bär did not receive credit.
* (asterisk) indicates an Herausschuss (separation shot)—a severely damaged heavy bomber forced to separate from his combat box which was counted as an aerial victory.
! (exclamation mark) indicates those aerial victories listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock.
# (hash mark) indicates those aerial victories listed by Mathews and Foreman.
? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Heaton, Lewis, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 51 –[11]
1 1 25 September 1939 12:30 Curtiss P-36 Weissenburg-Lauterburg[12] 20 17 22 June 1941 09:45 SB-2?[13][Note 1] vicinity of Starnice
2 2 21 May 1940 16:20 Hurricane Samer[15] 21 18 25 June 1941 11:30 SB-2[13] vicinity of Terespol
3 3 23 May 1940 11:10 Hurricane Béthune[15] 22 19 25 June 1941 11:33 SB-2[13] vicinity of Terespol
4
—
 18 August 1940 19:45 Hurricane[16] Thames Estuary 23♠ 20 30 June 1941 10:55 DB-3[13] vicinity of Histowka
5 4 20 August 1940 16:10 Spitfire[16] Thames Estuary 24♠ 21 30 June 1941 11:12 DB-3[13] vicinity of Histowka
6 5 24 August 1940 14:13 Hurricane[16] Margate 25♠ 22 30 June 1941 19:20 DB-3[13] vicinity of Histowka
7 6 29 August 1940 20:10 Spitfire[16] Hawkinge 26♠ 23 30 June 1941 19:35 DB-3[13] vicinity of Histowka
8 7 2 September 1940 09:15 Spitfire[17] Canterbury 27♠ 24 30 June 1941 19:40 DB-3[13] vicinity of Histowka
9 8 8 September 1940 13:20 Spitfire[17] 28 25 1 July 1941 13:45 I-16[18] vicinity of Nowo Histowka
10 9 9 September 1940 18:33 Hurricane[17] 29 26 2 July 1941 11:29 I-16[18] vicinity of Histowka
11
—
 15 September 1940
—
 Spitfire[17] 30 27 3 July 1941 13:45 V-11 (Il-2)[18] vicinity of Babruysk
12 10 8 November 1940 12:18 Hurricane[19] Strait of Dover 31 28 5 July 1941 11:27 I-18 (MiG-1)[18] vicinity of Babruysk
13
—
 8 November 1940 15:05 Hurricane north of Dungeness[19] 32 29 5 July 1941 13:44 DB-3[20] vicinity of Babruysk
14 11 16 April 1941 18:25 Hurricane 20 km (12 mi) west of Le Touquet[21] 33 30 5 July 1941 13:45 DB-3[20] vicinity of Babruysk
15 12 21 April 1941 20:07 Hurricane northwest of Ashford[21] 34 31 6 July 1941 20:15 V-11?[20][Note 2] vicinity of Babruysk
16 13 6 May 1941 14:10 Spitfire 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Calais[21] 35 32 6 July 1941 20:20 V-11![20][Note 2] vicinity of Babruysk
17 14 11 May 1941 21:40 Spitfire 8 km (5.0 mi) east of Deal[21] 36 33 8 July 1941 19:35 SB-2[20] vicinity of Babruysk
18 22 June 1941 07:25 I-18 (MiG-1)[13] 37 34 11 July 1941 15:02 DB-3[20] vicinity of Babruysk
19 15 22 June 1941 09:40 SB-2[13] vicinity of Starnice 38 35 11 July 1941 15:05 DB-3[20] vicinity of Babruysk
16 22 June 1941 09:42 SB-2[13] vicinity of Starnice 39 36 11 July 1941 16:45 DB-3[20]
– 12. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 51 –[22]
40 37 22 July 1941 10:50 I-153[23] vicinity of Dankowow 66 62 19 August 1941 19:15 Pe-2[24]
41 38 22 July 1941 15:03 I-153[23] vicinity of Dankowow 67 63 19 August 1941 19:20 Pe-2[24]
42 39 23 July 1941 12:57 Pe-2[23] vicinity of Dankowow 68 64 20 August 1941 08:55 I-15[24]
43 40 23 July 1941 13:02 Pe-2[23] vicinity of Dankowow 69 65 20 August 1941 09:10 I-16[24]
44 41 23 July 1941 13:10 R-3?[23][Note 3] 70 66 22 August 1941 10:25 I-15[24]
45 42 24 July 1941 06:15 I-18 (MiG-1)[23] 71 67 28 August 1941 18:12 Pe-2 southeast of Novgorod[25]
46 43 26 July 1941 04:25 R-3?[26][Note 3] 72 68 28 August 1941 18:15 Pe-2 southeast of Novgorod[25]
47 44 28 July 1941 07:45 DB-3[26] 73♠ 69 30 August 1941 12:00 I-61 (MiG-3)[25]
48 45 29 July 1941 04:12 SB-3[26] 74♠ 70 30 August 1941 12:02 DB-3[25]
49 46 29 July 1941 18:10 Pe-2[26] 75♠ 71 30 August 1941 12:03 DB-3[25]
50
—
 29 July 1941
—
 DB-3[26] 76♠ 72 30 August 1941 12:08 I-61 (MiG-3)[25]
51 47 2 August 1941 17:40 Pe-2[27] 77♠ 73 30 August 1941 18:05 SB-3[25]
52 48 3 August 1941 13:55 R-3?[27][Note 3] 78♠ 74 30 August 1941 18:06 SB-3[25]
53 49 9 August 1941 13:30 DB-3[27] 79 75 31 August 1941 11:20 Pe-2[25]
54 50 9 August 1941 13:34 DB-3[27] 80 76 31 August 1941 11:25 Pe-2[25]
55 51 9 August 1941 19:00 SB-2[27] 81 77 28 November 1941 13:40 SB-3[28]
56 52 10 August 1941 10:40 I-61 (MiG-1)[27] 82 78 2 December 1941 08:45 I-61 (MiG-1)[28]
57 53 10 August 1941 10:55 I-15[27] 83 79 2 December 1941 09:00 I-61 (MiG-1)[28]
58 54 11 August 1941 14:25 I-16[27] 84 80 2 December 1941 10:15 Pe-2[28]
59 55 12 August 1941 07:55 SB-3[27] 85 81 2 December 1941 12:07?[Note 4] I-61 (MiG-1)[30]
60 56 12 August 1941 08:30 SB-2?[27][Note 5] 86 82 5 December 1941 12:05 I-61 (MiG-1)[30]
61 57 13 August 1941 11:30 I-18 (MiG-1)[24] 87 83 7 December 1941 11:30 Pe-2[31]
62 58 14 August 1941 18:55 I-18 (MiG-1)[24] 88 84 7 December 1941 13:57 Pe-2[31]
63 59 15 August 1941 16:30 I-61 (MiG-1)[24] 89
—
 11 February 1942
—
 Pe-2[31]
64 60 18 August 1941 16:55 I-15[24] 90
—
 11 February 1942
—
 Pe-2[31]
65 61 19 August 1941 17:15 I-16[24] 91
—
 22 February 1942
—
 I-61 (MiG-3) 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Mologino[31]
– Stab I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –[32]
92 85 16 May 1942 10:35 LaGG-3[33] 135 131 10 December 1942 15:10 P-40 northwest of El Agheila[34]
93 86 16 May 1942 10:40 LaGG-3[33] 136 132 10 December 1942 15:15 P-40 northwest of El Agheila[34]
94 87 17 May 1942 13:05 I-16[33] 137 133 11 December 1942 15:32 P-40 east of Ras Umm er Garanigh[34]
95 88 17 May 1942 13:35 I-16[33] 138 134 14 December 1942 11:20 P-40 west of El Agheila[35]
96 92 17 May 1942 13:40 I-16[33] 139 135 14 December 1942 11:25 P-40 west of El Agheila[35]
97 93 18 May 1942 12:10 LaGG-3[33] 140♠ 136 14 January 1943 08:39?[Note 6] P-40[37]
98 94 18 May 1942 16:05 LaGG-3[33] 141♠ 137 14 January 1943 10:43 B-25[37] north of Tamet
99♠ 95 19 May 1942 09:42 R-5[33] 142♠ 138 14 January 1943 10:44 B-25[37] north of Tamet
100♠ 96 19 May 1942 16:42 I-16[33] 143♠ 139 14 January 1943 14:32 Spitfire[37]
101♠ 97 19 May 1942 16:45 I-16[33] 144♠ 140 14 January 1943 14:37 Spitfire[37]
102♠ 98 19 May 1942 16:46 I-16[33] 145 141 22 January 1943?[Note 7] 15:15 P-38[37] vicinity of Tripolitania
103♠ 99 19 May 1942 16:50 I-16 146 142 22 January 1943?[Note 7] 15:16 P-38[37] vicinity of Tripolitania
104 100 5 June 1942 09:32 DB-3[38] 147 143 23 January 1943 11:40 P-40[37]
105 101 13 June 1942 12:35 I-16[39] 148 144 25 January 1943 12:35 P-40[37]
—
 13 June 1942
—
 unknown 149 145 25 January 1943 12:38 P-40[37]
106 102 14 June 1942 18:58 I-16[40] 150 146 27 January 1943 14:48 P-40[37] vicinity of Djebel Cheraline
107 103 14 June 1942 19:00 I-16[40] 151 147 27 January 1943 15:01 P-40[37] vicinity of Djebel Cheraline
108 104 17 June 1942 17:35 MBR-2[40] 152 148 27 January 1943 15:05 P-40[37] vicinity of Djebel Cheraline
109 105 19 June 1942 04:17 I-16[40] 153 149 4 February 1943 14:40 B-17[37]
110 106 21 June 1942 18:35 I-16[40] 154
—
 4 February 1943
—
 P-39?[37][Note 8]
111 107 21 June 1942 18:41 I-16[40] 155 150 15 February 1943 07:45 Spitfire[37] vicinity of Thélepte
112 108 27 June 1942 06:35 I-16[40] 156 151 15 February 1943 07:46 Spitfire[37] vicinity of Thelepte
113 109 27 June 1942 06:43 I-16[40] 157♠ 152 26 February 1943 10:55 Spitfire[37] vicinity of Gabès
—
—
 11 October 1942
—
 Spitfire[41] 158♠ 153 26 February 1943 14:05 P-40[37] vicinity of Gabès
114 110 13 October 1942 07:58 Spitfire[41] north of Malta 159♠ 154 26 February 1943 14:15 P-40[37] vicinity of Gabès
115 111 13 October 1942 08:14 Spitfire[41] 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Marsa Scirocco 160♠ 155 26 February 1943 17:03 P-40[37] vicinity of Gabès
116 112 14 October 1942 17:59 Spitfire[41] 30 km (19 mi) northwest of St. Paul's Bay 161♠ 156 26 February 1943 17:08 P-40[37] vicinity of Gabès
117 113 17 October 1942 13:32 Spitfire[41] southeast of La Valletta, Malta 162 157 27 February 1943 10:50 Beaufighter[37]
118 114 2 November 1942 14:50 Spitfire southwest of El Alamein[34] 163 158 1 March 1943 14:58?[Note 9] Spitfire[37]
119♠ 115 3 November 1942 12:08 P-40 southeast of El Alamein[34] 164 159 3 March 1943 07:40 P-40[37]
120♠ 116 3 November 1942 12:10 P-40 southeast of El Alamein[34] 165 160 3 March 1943 07:45 P-40[37]
121♠ 117 3 November 1942 15:55 P-40 northwest of Quotafiya[34] 166 161 5 March 1943 07:58 P-40[42]
122♠ 118 3 November 1942 15:59?[Note 10] P-40 northwest of Quotafiya[34] 167 162 5 March 1943 08:20?[Note 11] Spitfire[42]
123♠ 119 3 November 1942 16:12 P-40 northwest of El Alamein[34] 168 163 6 March 1943 09:26?[Note 12] Spitfire[42]
124 120 5 November 1942 13:40 P-40[34] vicinity of Fuka 169 164 6 March 1943 09:28?[Note 13] Spitfire[42]
125 121 5 November 1942 13:50 P-40[34] vicinity of Fuka 170 165 7 March 1943 12:27 P-40[42] vicinity of Medenine
126 122 9 November 1942 14:50 P-40 east of Sollum[34] 171 166 10 March 1943 16:33 P-40[42] vicinity of Medenine
127 123 10 November 1942 14:34 P-40 east of Sollum[34]
—
 13 March 1944
—
 P-40
128 124 10 November 1942 14:38 P-40 east of Sollum[34] 172 167 23 March 1943 10:43 B-25[42]
129 125 11 November 1942 09:30 P-40 southeast of Gambut[34]
—
 23 March 1943
—
 P-39
130 126 11 November 1942 09:38 P-40 southeast of Gambut[34] 173 168 24 March 1943 10:10 P-40[42] northwest of Fatnassa
131 127 7 December 1942 14:50 P-40 west of El Agheila[34] 174 169 24 March 1943 10:12 P-40[42] northwest of Fatnassa
132 128 7 December 1942 14:52 P-40 west of El Agheila[34] 175 170 25 March 1943 12:09 Boston[42]
133 129 8 December 1942 10:40 P-40[34] 176 171 16 April 1943 15:50 Spitfire northwest of Cap Bon[42]
134 130 8 December 1942 10:55 P-40[34] 177 172 29 April 1943 17:25 Spitfire Ras Mostafa[42]
– Stab of Jagdgruppe Süd –[43]
178 173 2 December 1943 13:04 P-38 southeast of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer 179 174 2 December 1943 13:06 B-17 southeast of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 1 –[43]
180 175 10 February 1944 11:13 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/FN, vicinity of Zwolle[44] 189* 180 25 February 1944 13:30 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/US, vicinity of Heilbronn[45]
181
—
 10 February 1944 11:18 P-47 PQ 05 Ost S/FO, east of Zwolle[44]
—
—
 25 February 1944 13:43 B-17 PQ 04 Ost N/AT-8/9, vicinity of Stuttgart[45]
182 176 21 February 1944 13:58 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/GT/GU, 12–14 km (7.5–8.7 mi) west of Hanover[46] 190* 181 25 February 1944 14:45 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/US-1/5, vicinity of Heilbronn[45]
183 177 21 February 1944 14:03 P-51 PQ 05 Ost S/GT-5, 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Stadthagen[46] 191
—
 25 February 1944 14:55 B-24 PQ 05 Ost S/UR-2/3, vicinity of Germersheim[45]
184 178 21 February 1944 15:25 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/GT-5, north-northwest of Rheine[46] 192 182 3 March 1944 11:40 P-51 PQ 05 Ost S/EU-3/6, vicinity of Verden[45]
185
—
 22 February 1944 12:51 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/KO, northwest of Bottrop[46] 193 183 6 March 1944 12:00 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/FR-4, east of Lingen[45]
186
—
 22 February 1944 14:18 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/HO-1/4, north of Grevenbroich[46] 194 184 6 March 1944 12:10 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/FS-4/5, southwest of Verden[45]
187 179 24 February 1944 12:30 B-24 PQ 05 Ost S/GR-8, vicinity of Osnabrück[46] 195
—
 6 March 1944 14:45 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/GO/GN, vicinity of Deventer[47]
188
—
 24 February 1944 12:34 B-24 PQ 05 Ost S/GS-9, east of Osnabrück[46]
– Stab II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 1 –[43]
196 185 29 March 1944 13:25 P-51 PQ 15 Ost S/HB-9, south of Söllingen[48] 200 188 22 April 1944 20:08 B-24 PQ 05 Ost S/JQ, vicinity of Ahlen[49]
197 186 29 March 1944 13:35 P-51 PQ 15 Ost S/JB-9, west of Halberstadt[48] 201 189 29 April 1944 10:56 P-47 PQ 15 Ost S/HB, northwest of Halberstadt[49]
198 187 8 April 1944 13:50 B-24 PQ 15 Ost S/EB/FB, southwest of Salzwedel[48] 202 190 29 April 1944 10:59 B-24 PQ 15 Ost S/GB, east-southeast of Braunschweig[49]
199
—
 11 April 1944 10:59 B-17 PQ 15 Ost S/FB-7, 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Fallersleben[50]
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 3 –[43]
203 191 7 August 1944 14:40 P-51[51] PQ 04 Ost N/CD-2/5[52]
southeast of Chartres 		205 193 1 January 1945 19:25 Typhoon[51] Eindhoven air base
204 192 1 January 1945 09:23 Typhoon[51] Eindhoven air base
– Stab III. Gruppe of Ergänzungsjagdgeschwader 2 –[43]
206 194 19 March 1945 12:00+ P-51[53] vicinity of Dresden 214 199 9 April 1945 10:05 B-26[54] 9 km (5.6 mi) southwest of Amberg
207 195 21 March 1945
—
 B-24[55] 215 200 9 April 1945 10:?? B-26[54] vicinity of Amberg
208 196 24 March 1945
—
 B-24[56] vicinity of Stuttgart 216 201 12 April 1945?[Note 14]
—
 B-26[57]
209 197 24 March 1945
—
 P-51[56] vicinity of Stuttgart 217 202 18 April 1945
—
 P-47[57]
210
—
 27 March 1945
—
 P-47[56] vicinity of Lechfeld 218 203 18 April 1945
—
 P-47[57]
211
—
 27 March 1945
—
 P-47[56] vicinity of Lechfeld 219 204 19 April 1945
—
 P-51[57]
212
—
 27 March 1945
—
 P-47 vicinity of Lechfeld 220 205 19 April 1945
—
 P-51[57]
213 198 4 April 1945 15:00+ P-51[58]
– Jagdverband 44 –[59]
221 206 27 April 1945
—
 P-47[60] 223 208 28 April 1945?[Note 15]
—
 P-47[60] vicinity of Bad Aibling
222 207 27 April 1945
—
 P-47[60]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1.[14]
  2. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Seversky.[14]
  3. ^ a b c According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as an Ilyushin Il-2.[14]
  4. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:07.[29]
  5. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Petlyakov Pe-2.[14]
  6. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:39.[36]
  7. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed on 21 January 1943.[36]
  8. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress.[36]
  9. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:56.[36]
  10. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:58.[36]
  11. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:23.[36]
  12. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:26.[36]
  13. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:28.[36]
  14. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed on 17 April 1945.[43]
  15. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed on 29 April 1945.[61]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Weal 1996, p. 55.
  2. ^ Spick 1996, pp. 3–4.
  3. ^ Sims 1967, pp. 173, 275.
  4. ^ a b Zabecki 2019, p. 328.
  5. ^ a b Aders & Held 1993, p. 255.
  6. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 30.
  7. ^ Spick 1996, p. 227.
  8. ^ Morgan & Weal 1998, p. 88.
  9. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 34–39.
  10. ^ Planquadrat.
  11. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 34–35.
  12. ^ Prien et al. 2001a, p. 276.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2003, p. 248.
  14. ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 35.
  15. ^ a b Prien et al. 2001b, p. 274.
  16. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2002, p. 34.
  17. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2002, p. 35.
  18. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2003, p. 250.
  19. ^ a b Prien et al. 2002, p. 36.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2003, p. 251.
  21. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2002, p. 38.
  22. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 35–36.
  23. ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2003, p. 338.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2003, p. 342.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2003, p. 343.
  26. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2003, p. 339.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2003, p. 341.
  28. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2003, p. 346.
  29. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 36.
  30. ^ a b Prien et al. 2003, p. 347.
  31. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2005, p. 119.
  32. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 36–38.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien 1995, p. 2406.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Prien et al. 2004, p. 299.
  35. ^ a b Prien et al. 2004, p. 300.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 37.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Prien et al. 2011, p. 384.
  38. ^ Prien 1995, p. 2407.
  39. ^ Prien 1995, p. 2408.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien 1995, p. 2409.
  41. ^ a b c d e Prien 1995, p. 2421.
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Prien et al. 2011, p. 385.
  43. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 38.
  44. ^ a b Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1201.
  45. ^ a b c d e f g Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1203.
  46. ^ a b c d e f g Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1202.
  47. ^ Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1204.
  48. ^ a b c Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1205.
  49. ^ a b c Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1207.
  50. ^ Prien & Rodeike 1996, p. 1206.
  51. ^ a b c Prien & Stemmer 2002, p. 398.
  52. ^ Prien, Stemmer & Bock 2018, p. 256.
  53. ^ Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 270.
  54. ^ a b Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 275.
  55. ^ Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 271.
  56. ^ a b c d Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 272.
  57. ^ a b c d e Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 276.
  58. ^ Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 274.
  59. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 38–39.
  60. ^ a b c Heaton & Lewis 2012, p. 277.
  61. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 39.

Bibliography

[edit]
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  • Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
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  • Morgan, Hugh; Weal, John (1998). German Jet Aces of World War 2. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 17. London; New York: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-634-7.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2014). Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims – Volume 1 A–F. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-18-9.
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
  • Prien, Jochen (1995). Geschichte des Jagdgeschwaders 77—Teil 4—1944–1945 [History of Jagdgeschwader 77—Volume 4—1944–1945] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-29-8.
  • Prien, Jochen; Rodeike, Peter (1996). Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11—Einsatz in der Reichsverteidigung von 1939 bis 1945—Teil 2—1944 [Jagdgeschwader 1 and 11—Operations in the Defense of the Reich from 1939 to 1945—Volume 2—1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-24-3.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard (2002). Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" in WWII: Stab and I./JG 3 in Action with the Messerschmitt Bf 109. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History. ISBN 978-0-7643-1681-4.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2001a). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 2—Der "Sitzkrieg"—1.9.1939 bis 9.5.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 2—The "Phoney War"—1 September 1939 to 9 May 1940] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-59-5.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2001b). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 Teil 3—Einsatz in Dänemark und Norwegen 9.4. bis 30.11.1940—Der Feldzug im Westen 10.5. bis 25.6.1940 [Fighter Pilot Association of the German Luftwaffe 1934 to 1945 Part 3—Assignments in Denmark and Norway 9 April to 30 November 1940—The campaign in the West 10 May to 25 June 1940] (in German). Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-61-8.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2002). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 4/II—Einsatz am Kanal und über England—26.6.1940 bis 21.6.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 4/II—Action at the Channel and over England—26 June 1940 to 21 June 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-64-9.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/I—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/I—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-69-4.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2004). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 8/II—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—November 1941 bis Dezember 1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 8/II—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—November 1941 to December 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-74-8.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6.12.1941 bis 30.4.1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-76-2.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2011). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 11/II—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—1.1 bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 11/II—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—1 January to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-942943-00-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Bock, Winfried (2018). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 13/IV—Einsatz im Reichsverteidigung und im Westen—1.1. bis 31.12.1944 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 13/IV—Action in the Defense of the Reich and in the West—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-942943-19-2.
  • Sims, Edward H. (1967). The Greatest Aces (1st ed.). New York, USA: Harper & Row. OCLC 1098717244.
  • Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: Ivy Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
  • Weal, John (1996). Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Aces of the Western Front. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 9. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-595-1.
  • Zabecki, David T., ed. (2019). The German War Machine in World War II. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-44-086918-1.
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