Mahzarin Banaji

Mahzarin Rustum Banaji
Born	1956 (age 67–68)
Alma mater	Osmania University, Ohio State University
Known for	Implicit Association Test
Scientific career
Fields	Social psychology
Institutions	Yale University, Harvard University

Mahzarin Rustum Banaji (born 1956) is an Indian-American social psychologist at Harvard University.

Education and Career

She was born and raised in Secunderabad to a Parsi family, where she attended St. Ann's High School. Her B.A. is from Nizam College and her M.A. in psychology from Osmania University in Hyderabad. In 1986, Banaji received a Ph.D. from Ohio State University and was an NIH postdoctoral fellow at University of Washington. From 1986 to 2001 she taught at Yale University, where she was Reuben Post Halleck Professor of Psychology. In 2001, she moved to Harvard University as Richard Clarke Cabot Professor of Social Ethics in the Department of Psychology. She also served as the first Carol K. Pforzheimer Professor at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study from 2002 to 2008. In 2005, Banaji was elected fellow of the Society of Experimental Psychologists. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2008. In 2009, she was named Herbert A. Simon Fellow of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. In 2016 the Association for Psychological Science named Banaji one of its William James Fellows, an award given to outstanding contributors to scientific psychology.

Current Affiliations

Banaji is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychological Association (Divisions 1, 3, 8 and 9), and the Association for Psychological Science. She served as Secretary of the APS, on the Board of Scientific Affairs of the APA, and on the Executive Committee of the Society of Experimental Social Psychology. Banaji was President of the Association for Psychological Science in 2010-2011.

Banaji has served as Associate Editor of Psychological Review and the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology and co-edited Essays in Social Psychology for Psychology Press. She serves on an advisory board of the Oxford University Press on Social Cognition and Social Neuroscience. She has served or serves on the editorial board of several journals, among them Psychological Science, Psychological Review, Perspectives on Psychological Science, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Social Cognition, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, and Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. Her research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and the Third Millennium Foundation, among other organizations.

Banaji was Director of Undergraduate Studies at Yale and is now Head Tutor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard. Among her awards, she has received Yale's Lex Hixon Prize for Teaching Excellence, a James McKeen Cattell Fund Award, the Morton Deutsch Award for Social Justice, and fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. In 1999, her work with R. Bhaskar received the Gordon Allport Prize for Intergroup Relations. Her career contributions have been recognized by a Presidential Citation from the American Psychological Association in 2007 and the Diener Award for Outstanding Contributions to Social Psychology in 2008.

Research and Theory

With Anthony Greenwald and Brian Nosek, she maintains an educational website, Project Implicit, designed to create awareness about unconscious bias.

Banaji studies human thinking and feeling as it unfolds in social contexts. Her focus is primarily on mental systems that operate in implicit or unconscious mode. In particular, she is interested in the unconscious nature of assessments of self and other humans that reflect feelings and knowledge (often unintended) about their social group membership (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, gender, class) that underlie the us/them distinction.

From such study of attitudes and beliefs of adults and children, she asks about the social consequences of unconscious thought and feeling. Banaji’s work relies on cognitive/affective behavioral measures and neuroimaging (fMRI) with which she explores the implications of her work for questions of individual responsibility and social justice in democratic societies.

Major publications

• Banaji, Mahzarin R.; Crowder, Robert G (September 1989), "The bankruptcy of everyday memory research" (PDF), American Psychologist, 44 (9): 1185–1193, doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1185 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help) A seminal article on two primary research methods (experimental and ecological) and issues associated with each.
• Banaji, M.R.; Crowder, R.G (1991), "Some everyday thoughts on ecologically valid methods" (PDF), American Psychologist, 46 (1): 78–79, doi:10.1037/0003-066X.46.1.78 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help). A response to some commentary on their article, and their attempt to clarify some of their points.
• Greenwald, A. G. & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review, 102, 4-27.
• Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Rudman, L., Farnham, S., Nosek, B. A., & Mellott, D. (2002). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Psychological Review, 109, 3-25.
• Green, A. R., Carney, D. R., Pallin, D. J., Ngo, L. H., Raymond, K. L., Iezzoni, L., & Banaji, M. R. (2007). Implicit bias among physicians and its prediction of thrombolysis decisions for black and white patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22, 1231-1238.
• Greenwald, A. G. & Banaji, M. R. (2013). Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People. Delacorte Press, ISBN 978-0553804645

See also

• Anthony Greenwald
• Brian Nosek

External links

• Mahzarin Banaji's academic web page
• Implicit Project's Harvard Website
• Project Implicit
• A Chance Road to Harvard in The Harvard Crimson
• "See No Bias" in the Washington Post
• "The Implicit Prejudice" in Scientific American
• Session 7 of Beyond Belief conference

Further reading

This section includes responses to articles which stimulated considerable discussion, such as Banaji & Crowder's seminal 1989 publication.

• Darryl Bruce (January 1991), "Mechanistic and functional explanations of memory", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 46–48, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.46
• Stephen J. Ceci; Urie Bronfenbrenner (January 1991), "On the demise of everyday memory: "The rumours of my death are much exaggerated"", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 27–31, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.27 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
• Martin A. Conway (January 1991), "In defence of everyday memory", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 19–26, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.19
• Morton, John (January 1991), "The bankruptcy of everyday thinking", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 32–33, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.32
• Henry L. Roediger III (January 1991), "They read an article?", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.37
• Endel Tulving (January 1991), "Memory research is not a zero-sum game", American Psychologist, 46 (1): 41–42, doi:10.1037/0003-066x.46.1.41