Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Llanstephan
Maurice FitzGerald | |
|---|---|
| Lord of Maynooth, Naas, and Lanstephan | |
 A drawing of Maurice FitzGerald from a manuscript of the Expugnatio Hibernica, an account of the 1169 invasion of Ireland written in 1189 by Maurice's nephew, Gerald of Wales. | |
| Born | c. 1105 |
| Died | 1 September 1176 |
| Nationality | Cambro-Norman |
| Wars and battles | Battle of Crug Mawr Norman invasion of Ireland Siege of Wexford (1169) |
| Issue | Gerald FitzMaurice Alexander FitzMaurice William FitzMaurice Maurice FitzMaurice Thomas FitzMaurice Robert FitzMaurice Nest Fitzmaurice |
| Parents | Gerald de Windsor Nest ferch Rhys |
Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Maynooth, Naas, and Llanstephan[1] (c. 1105 – September 1176) was a medieval Cambro-Norman baron and a major figure in the Norman invasion of Ireland.[2]
Wars in Wales and Ireland
A Welsh Marcher Lord, Lord Lanstephan fought, along with his older brother William, and half-brother Robert FitzStephen, constable of Cardigan, under Robert FitzMartin at the Battle of Crug Mawr in Wales in 1136.
Llansteffan Castle overlooks the River Tywi estuary where it enters Carmarthen Bay. It was captured by Maredudd ap Gruffydd in 1146 against the forces of Maurice FitzGerald and his brother William, Lord of Emlyn who were the leading Norman settlers of the region. The castle was retaken by the Normans in 1158.[3]
Diarmait Mac Murchada (Dermot MacMurrough), the deposed King of Leinster who had been exiled by the High King of Ireland, sought Cambro-Norman assistance to regain his throne. Lord Lanstephan participated in the resulting 1169 Norman invasion of Ireland. He assisted his younger half-brother Robert Fitz-Stephen in the Siege of Wexford (1169). His nephew Raymond was Strongbow's second-in-command and had the chief share both in the capture of Waterford and in the successful assault on Dublin in 1171. Lord Lanstephan and his son's the Fitzmaurices also fought in this battle.[2]
Marriage and issue
Maurice FitzGerald (Lord Llanstephan) is sometimes said to have married Alice, a supposed daughter of Arnulf de Montgomery. There is no evidence that Arnulf left any descendants, however, and the claim that a daughter of his married FitzGerald dates no earlier than the 19th century.[4] Maurice FitzGerald's children were:
- Gerald FitzMaurice, 1st Lord of Offaly (b. c. 1150, d. before 15 Jan 1204)
- Alexander Fitzmaurice
- William Fitzmaurice, Lord of Naas (d. c.1199)
- Maurice Fitzmaurice, Lord of Kiltrany
- Thomas FitzMaurice, Lord O'Connello (d. c.1213)
- Robert Fitzmaurice
- Nest FitzMaurice (m. Hervey de Montmorenci, Constable of England)
Lord Llanstephan's second eldest son, Sir Gerald Fitzmaurice (the 1st Lord of Offaly) was the progenitor of the FitzGerald Earls of Kildare and Dukes of Leinster.
The original Earldom of Desmond in the province of Munster was based on landholdings belonging to the descendants of Maurice's eldest son Thomas FitzMaurice, Lord OConnello. Thomas's son John Fitzmaurice FitzThomas, who was killed in the Battle of Callann, became the first Baron Desmond. Others from this line include the Knights of Glin and Knights of Kerry.
Ancestry
Maurice FitzGerald was the second son of Gerald Fitzwalter known as Gerald de Windsor, Constable of Pembroke Castle by his wife, Nest ferch Rhys, Princess of Deheubarth and a member of the Welsh royal House of Dinefwr.
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References
- ^ Fitz Gerald
- ^ a b Cokayne 1890
- ^ Lloyd, Thomas; Orbach, Julian; Scourfield, Robert (2006). Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion. London: Yale University Press. pp. 331–332. ISBN 0-300-10179-1.
- ^ Thompson 2004. See also: Chandler 1989, p. 12 footnote 80. See also: Curtis 1921, pp. 123–124, 123 footnote 11. See also: Graves 1869, pp. 460–461 pedigree a. See also: Fitzgerald 1858, p. 10. See also: Paul 1906, pp. 421–422.
Citations
- Chandler, Victoria (1989), "The last of the Montgomerys: Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf", Historical Research, 62 (147): 1–14, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1989.tb01075.x.
- Cokayne, George Edward, ed. (1890), Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant (D to F), vol. 3 (1st ed.), London: George Bell & Sons, p. 358, retrieved 27 December 2011
- Curtis, Edmund (1921), "Murchertach O'Brien, high king of Ireland, and his Norman son-in-law, Arnulf de Mont-Gomery, circa 1100", The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 6, 11 (2), JSTOR 25513221.
- Fitzgerald, Charles William (1858), The earls of Kildare, and their ancestors (2nd ed.), Hodges, Smith, & Company.
- Graves, James (1869), "No. 2. the earls of Desmond", The Journal of the Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland, 3, 1 (2): 459–498, JSTOR 25497799.
- Paul, James Balfour, ed. (1906), The Scots peerage, vol. 3, David Douglas.
- Thompson, Kathleen (2004), "Montgomery, Arnulf de (c.1066–1118x22)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/696. (subscription or UK public library membership required)