Meñli I Giray
| Meñli I | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Khan of Crimea | |||||
| Reign | 1468 – 1475 1478 – 1515 | ||||
| Predecessor | Nur Devlet | ||||
| Successor | Mehmed I | ||||
| Born | 1445 | ||||
| Died | 17 April 1515 | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | Nur Sultan Khatun Zayan Sultan Khatun Makhdum Sultan Khatun | ||||
| Issue |
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| House | Giray | ||||
| Father | Hacı I Giray | ||||
Meñli I Giray (Crimean Tatar: I Meñli Geray, ۱منكلى كراى) (1445–1515), also spelled as Mengli I Giray, was a khan of the Crimean Khanate (1466, 1469–1475, 1478–1515) and the sixth son of Hacı I Giray.[1]
Biography
Meñli ascended the throne in 1466 for some months, but was then deposed by his brother Nur Devlet. He was restored to the throne in January 1469, but lost power again in March 1475 as a result of a rebellion of the rival brothers and nobility.[2]
In 1475, he was captured by the Ottomans in Feodosiya and delivered to Constantinople. After being forced to recognize Ottoman suzerainty over the Crimean Khanate, he was returned to the throne of Crimea in 1478. He made a great contribution to the development of Crimean Tatar statehood. He founded the fortress of Özü.[3]
In 1502, Meñli defeated the last khan of the Golden Horde and took control over its capital Saray. He proclaimed himself Khagan (Emperor), claiming legitimacy as the successor of the Golden Horde's authority over the Tatar khaganates in the Caspian-Volga region.
Meñli was buried in the Dürbe (or türbe) of Salaçıq in Bakhchysarai. In that city, he commissioned Zıncırlı Medrese (medrese with chains) in Salaçıq (1500), Dürbe in Salaçıq (1501), and "Demir Qapı" (Iron Gate) portal in the Bakhchisaray Palace (by Aloisio the New) (1503).
Family
Meñli was a father of Mehmed I Giray and Sahib I Giray.[4]
Meñli I Giray was once thought to be the maternal grandfather of Suleiman the Magnificent through his putative daughter Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, but this has been disproved.[5][6]
Meñli's wives were:
- Zayan (Shayan) Sultan Khatun, daughter of Prince Yadigar, bey of the Sedjeuts;
- Makhdum Sultan Khatun, daughter of King Inarmaz Mirza, King of Circassia;
- Nur Sultan Khatun, daughter of Prince Timur ibn Mansur, bey of the Manghits.
References
- ^ The Crimea: Its Ancient and Modern History: the Khans, the Sultans, and the czars by Thomas Milner.
- ^ Chantal Lemercier-Quelquejay et Alexandre Bennigsen, Le khanat de Crimée au début du XVIe siècle: De la tradition mongole à la suzeraineté ottomane, vol. 13, n° 3, p. 321-337.
- ^ René Grousset, L’Empire des steppes, Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan, Payot, Paris
- ^ Anthony Stokvis, Manuel d'histoire, de généalogie et de chronologie de tous les États du globe, depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours
- ^ Alan Fisher (1993). "The Life and Family of Suleyman I". In İnalcık, Halil; Kafadar, Cemal (eds.). Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and his time. Isis Press.
That she was a Tatar, a daughter of the Crimean Khan Mengli Giray, was a story apparently begun by Jovius, repeated by other western sources, and taken up by Merriman in his biography of Suleyman
- ^ Encyclopedia of Islam vol. IX (1997), s.v. Suleyman p.833
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