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Merryfield, Ilton

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Coordinates: 50°57′21″N 2°56′29″W / 50.9558°N 2.9413°W / 50.9558; -2.9413
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View from causeway into south side of rectangular site of demolished Merryfield House, Ilton, with moat to left and right
Site of Merryfield House, now a rectangular site surrounded by trees (centre), viewed from south. The width of the site on the south (entrance) side, as determined by the length of the moat, is about 50 metres

Merryfield (alias Merrifield, Murefeld, Merefeld, Muryfield, Merifield, Wadham's Castle, etc.) is a historic estate in the parish of Ilton, near Ilminster in Somerset, England. It was the principal seat of the Wadham family, and was called by Prince (died 1723) their "noble moated seat of Meryfeild" (sic).[1] The mansion house was demolished in 1618 by Sir John Wyndham (1558–1645), of Orchard Wyndham, a nephew and co-heir of Nicholas II Wadham (1531–1609), co-founder of Wadham College, Oxford, the last in the male line of the Wadham family. It bears no relation to the present large 19th-century grade II listed[2] mansion known as Merryfield House, formerly the vicarage, immediately south of St Peter's Church, Ilton.

Description

About 1 mile west-north-west of St Peter's Church, Ilton, the parish church of Ilton,[3] situated on agricultural land south of RAF Merryfield aerodrome and between the disused railway line and the disused Chard Canal, is a moated site which is all that remains of the medieval fortified manor house of Merryfield (or Muryfield),[4] which was the seat of the ancient Wadham family. The Wadham family originated at the manor of Wadham in the parish of Knowstone,[5] in North Devon. Wadeham was a manor recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as held in-chief from King William the Conqueror by the Saxon thane Ulf, who had held it since before the Norman Conquest of 1066.[6] Such continuing holdings by Saxons after the Conquest are very rare, and Ulf in 1086 is still described as one of "The King's Thanes", so clearly was serving the new Norman king satisfactorily. The Wadhams other Devon seat, in the South of the county, was Edge in the parish of Branscombe.

The house was demolished in 1618. The rectangular moat remains and an area which may have been an associated fishpond[7][8] for the supply of food to the household, particularly according to religious usage during Lent and on Fridays. In 1524 King Henry VIII granted a licence to empark to his courtier Sir Nicholas I Wadham (died 1542), who had been present at the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520, for him to make a park of 200 acres (81 ha) of woodland and 40 acres (16 ha) of woodland.[9] The deer park so created was situated immediately to the east of the moated site.[10]

The last of the family in the male line was Nicholas II Wadham (1531–1609), who posthumously with his widow Dorothy Petre, founded Wadham College, Oxford in 1610.[11] Monuments to the Wadham family survive in St Peter's Church, Ilton and also on a grander scale in nearby St Mary's Church, Ilminster. The three sisters of Nicholas Wadham were (in their issue) his heirs, one of whom was Florence Wadham (died 1596), wife of Sir John Wyndham of Orchard Wyndham in Somerset, and mother of Sir John Wyndham (1558–1645). The Wyndham family, which later commonly used the first name "Wadham", inherited the estate of Merryfield and the "Wyndham Estate" is still today the largest employer in the village of Ilton.[12]

Descent

Popham

15th century alabaster effigy thought to represent Elizabeth Popham, heiress of Merryfield, Ilton Church.[13] She was the wife of Sir John III Wadham and the collar of roses worn around her neck is said to represent the crest of Wadham,[14] a rose argent between a pair of antlers (as visible on the monument to Nicholas II Wadham (died 1609) in Ilminster Church[15])

The last of the Pophams to hold Merryfield, apparently not, however, as a principal seat, was Sir Stephen Popham (c. 1386 – 1444) of Popham, Hampshire, five times MP for Hampshire. A junior branch of the Popham family was seated at Huntworth, Somerset, of which a prominent member was John Popham (c. 1531 – 1607), Speaker of the House of Commons and Lord Chief Justice of England. Sir Stephen Popham died without male issue and his five daughters became his co-heiresses. Merryfield went to his daughter Elizabeth Popham the wife of Sir John III Wadham.[16]

Wadham

Sir John III Wadham

Sir John III Wadham, eldest son and heir of William Wadham (died 1452) of Edge, Branscombe in Devon, Sheriff of Devon in 1442, by his wife Margaret Chiselden, a daughter and co-heiress of John Chiselden of Holcombe Rogus in Devon. He married Elizabeth Popham, a daughter and co-heiress of Sir Stephen Popham (c. 1386 – 1444). From this marriage the Wadhams inherited Merryfield, which they made their principal seat.[17] It is believed by Rogers (1888) that the small but finely sculpted surviving alabaster effigy of a lady in Ilton Church represents Elizabeth Popham, heiress of Merryfield.[18]

Sir John IV Wadham

Sir John IV Wadham, son and heir, who married Elizabeth Stucley, a daughter of Sir Hugh Stucley (1496–1559) of Affeton, Devon, Sheriff of Devon in 1545.[19]

Sir Nicholas I Wadham (died 1542)

Monumental brasses to Nicholas Wadham (1508–1508) infant son of Sir Nicholas I Wadham (died 1542) of Merryfield, by his 2nd wife Margaret Seymour, aunt (not as often stated "sister")[20] of Queen Jane Seymour. The lowest inscription is in memory of his fourth wife Jane Lyte. Ilton Church

Sir Nicholas I Wadham (died 1542), son and heir, who married four times. By his first wife Joan Hill, daughter of Robert Hill of Halsway, he had issue Lawrence Wadham, who died without progeny, and John Wadham (died 1578), his eventual heir.

John V Wadham (died 1578)

John V Wadham (died 1578), 2nd son and eventual heir, who is chiefly remembered for having been the father of Nicholas Wadham (1531/2-1609), co-founder Wadham College, Oxford and for the surviving mural monument to his wife in Branscombe Church on which appears his effigy and armorials. He married Joan Tregarthin (died 1583), a daughter and co-heiress of John Tregarthin of Cornwall and widow of John Kelloway of Cullompton, Devon.[21]

Nicholas II Wadham (1531/2-1609)

Wyndham

Almshouses on Merryfield Lane, Ilton, built by Sir John Wyndham (1558–1645), believed to have been made from materials from the demolished Merryfield House.[22]
"When John Wyndham came to the estate, disliking the situation of the house, because it was surrounded with wood, he pulled it down, and with the materials built a farm-house at a little distance, now called Woodhouse, and likewise an alms-house in the village of Ilton. There now remains no part of the ancient edifice, except an old wall on the east side. The seat was formerly moted round, and the buildings exhibited many striking indications of remote antiquity".

References

  1. ^ Prince, John (1810), "Wadham, Sir John, Knight", The Worthies of Devon, p. 748 {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help) Biography of Sir John II Wadham (died 1412), Justice of the Common Pleas
  2. ^ "Merryfield House, Ilton". British Listed Nuildings. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  3. ^ Moated site: OS Map Grid Reference: ST33981779 Latitude 50.95575° Longitude -2.94131°
  4. ^ "Merryfield House". Gatehouse. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  5. ^ Hoskins, W.G., A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959 (first published 1954), p.422
  6. ^ Thorn, Caroline & Frank, (eds.) Domesday Book, (Morris, John, gen.ed.) Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, part 1, 52,40
  7. ^ "Merryfild". Pastscape. English Heritage. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  8. ^ "Moated site and manor, Merryfield, Ilton". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  9. ^ Bond, James (1998). Somerset Parks and Gardens. Somerset Books. p. 57. ISBN 0861834658.
  10. ^ "Deerpark, Merryfield Park, Ilton". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  11. ^ Bush, Robin (1994). Somerset: The complete guide. Wimborne, Dorset: Dovecote Press. ISBN 1-874336-27-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  12. ^ "St Peter's Church". Ilton Talking Village Website. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  13. ^ Rogers 1888, p. 161.
  14. ^ Per framed information sheet in Ilton Church.
  15. ^ See File:Crest NicholasWadham Died1608 StMary'sChurch Ilminster Somerset.JPG
  16. ^ Collinson 1791, p. 48.
  17. ^ Rogers, William Henry Hamilton (1888), "The Founder and Foundress of Wadham", Memorials of the West, Historical and Descriptive, Collected on the Borderland of Somerset, Dorset and Devon, Exeter, Exeter & London: J. G. Commin; J. Slark, etc., pp. 156, 161
  18. ^ Rogers 1888, pp. 156–161.
  19. ^ Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitation of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.721, pedigree of Stucley of Affeton
  20. ^ Aunt of Queen Jane Seymour, not sister as erroneously per Rogers 1888, p. 157, Collinson 1791 and others. For evidence she was the aunt not the sister see James, Rev. Edward Boucher; James, Rachel Boucher (1896). "The Tomb of Margaret Wadham at Carisbrooke Church, and Alexander Ross". Letters, archaeological and historical relating to the Isle of Wight, Volume 1. Frowde. pp. 445–450.[1]
  21. ^ Prince 1810, p. 749.
  22. ^ "Merryfield House". Gatehouse. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  23. ^ Collinson, Rev. John (1791), History and Antiquities of the County of Somerset, vol. I (3 volumes ed.), pp. 46–50

50°57′21″N 2°56′29″W / 50.9558°N 2.9413°W / 50.9558; -2.9413

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