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Mickey Baker

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Mickey Baker
Mickey Baker in concert, 1982
Mickey Baker in concert, 1982
Background information
Birth nameMacHouston Baker
Born(1925-10-15)October 15, 1925
Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedNovember 27, 2012(2012-11-27) (aged 87)
near Toulouse, France
GenresR&B, jazz, rock
OccupationMusician
InstrumentGuitar
Years active1950s–1980s
LabelsSavoy, Cat, Rainbow, MGM, Atlantic, King

MacHouston "Mickey" Baker (October 15, 1925 – November 27, 2012) was an American guitarist, best known for his work as a studio musician and as part of the recording duo Mickey & Sylvia.[1]

Early life

Baker was born in Louisville, Kentucky. His mother was black, and his father, whom he never met, was believed to be white.[2]

In 1936, at the age of 11, Baker was put into an orphanage. He ran away frequently, and had to be retrieved by the staff from St. Louis, New York City, Chicago, and Pittsburgh. Eventually the orphanage quit looking for him, and at the age of 16 he stayed in New York City. He found work as a laborer and then a dishwasher. But after hanging out in the pool halls of 26th Street, he gave up work to become a full-time pool shark.

At 19, Baker decided to make a change in his life. He went back to dishwashing, and was determined to become a jazz musician. The trumpet was his first choice for an instrument, but with only $14 saved up, he could not find a pawnshop with anything but guitars for that price.[3]

He enrolled at The New York School of Music, but found the learning pace too slow. He dropped out and resolved to teach himself, but gave up shortly afterwards. Six months later he met a street guitarist who inspired him to start playing again. He continued taking private lessons from different teachers over the next few years. His musical style was influenced by saxophonist Charlie Parker.

Career

By 1949, Baker had his own combo, and a few paying jobs. He decided to move west, but found that audiences there were not receptive to progressive jazz music. Baker was stranded without work in California when he saw a show by blues guitarist Pee Wee Crayton.[4] Baker said of the encounter:

"I asked Pee Wee, 'You mean you can make money playing that stuff on guitar?' Here he was driving a big white Eldorado and had a huge bus for his band. So I started bending strings. I was starving to death, and the blues was just a financial thing for me then."

He found a few jobs in Richmond, California, and made enough money to return to New York.[3]

After returning east, Baker began recording for Savoy, King and Atlantic Records. He did sessions with Doc Pomus, The Drifters, Ray Charles, Ivory Joe Hunter, Ruth Brown, Big Joe Turner, Louis Jordan, Coleman Hawkins, and numerous other artists.[5]

Inspired by the success of Les Paul & Mary Ford, he formed the pop duo Mickey & Sylvia (with Sylvia Robinson, one of his guitar students) in the mid-1950s.[4] Together, they had a hit single with "Love Is Strange" in 1956.[4] After the duo split up in the late 1958, Baker recorded with Kitty Noble as Mickey & Kitty.[6] They released three records on Atlantic Records in 1959.[7] In late 1959, Baker released his debut solo album, The Wildest Guitar, on Atlantic.[8] Mickey& Sylvia reunited in 1960 and sporadically worked together on additional tracks until the mid-1960s.[1]

Around this time, that he moved to France, where he worked with Ronnie Bird and Chantal Goya and made a few solo records.[1] He would remain in France for the rest of his life. Up until the end of his life, Baker was rarely without work.

Baker appeared at the 1975 version of the Roskilde Festival.

Because Baker revealed very few details about his private life, reasons for his move to France were never made completely clear. Some media sources claimed that Baker had grown tired of the business aspects of the commercial music industry in the United States, while others stated that the bi-racial Baker was angered by the growing rate of hate crimes in the southern United States during the burgeoning civil rights movement.

Personal life

Baker guarded his personal life as much as possible, giving few interviews and only making sporadic public appearances. After moving to France, he rarely left the country, and made very few trips to the United States.

Baker was married six times. Among his wives were Barbara Castellano from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, and Marie France-Drei, a singer with whom he stayed from the early 1980s until his death.

Baker had two children: a son, MacHouston, Jr., and a daughter, Bonita Lee.

Death

Baker died on November 27, 2012 near Toulouse, France, aged 87.[9][10] His wife, Marie, said he died of heart and kidney failure.[2]

Books

Baker's self-tuition method book series, the Complete Course in Jazz Guitar is a mainstay for introducing students of guitar to the world of jazz. They have remained in print for over 50 years.

Awards and honors

In 1999, Baker received the Pioneer Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation.

In 2003, Baker was listed at No. 53 on Rolling Stone's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".[11]

In 2004, "Love Is Strange" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

Discography

See also: Mickey & Sylvia

As leader

  • The Wildest Guitar (Atlantic, 1959)
  • Bossa Nova en Direct du Bresil (Versailles, 1962)
  • Mickey Baker Plays Mickey Baker (Versailles, 1962)
  • But Wild (King, 1963)
  • Bluesingly Yours with Memphis Slim (Polydor, 1968)
  • Mickey Baker in Blunderland (Major Minor, 1970)
  • The Blues and Me (Black and Blue, 1974)
  • Take a Look Inside (Big Bear, 1975)
  • Tales from the Underdog (Artist, 1975)
  • Mississippi Delta Dues (Blue Star, 1975)
  • Up On the Hill (Roots, 1975)
  • Blues and Jazz Guitar (Kicking Mule, 1977)
  • Jazz Rock Guitar (Kicking Mule, 1978)
  • Sweet Harmony (Bellaphone, 1980)
  • Back to the Blues (Blue Silver, 1981)
  • The Legendary Mickey Baker (Shanachie, 1991)
  • New Sounds (Legacy, 2015)

As sideman

With Colette Magny

  • Melocoton (CBS, 1963)
  • Frappe Ton Coeur (Le Chant du Monde, 1963)
  • Colette Magny (Le Chant du Monde, 1967)

With others

References

  1. ^ a b c Unterberger, Richie (1925-10-15). "Mickey Baker - Music Biography, Credits and Discography". AllMusic. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
  2. ^ a b "Mickey Baker, Guitarist, Is Dead at 87". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
  3. ^ a b Liner notes for The Legendary Mickey Baker by Stefan Grossman
  4. ^ a b c Russell, Tony (1997). The Blues - From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray. Dubai: Carlton Books Limited. p. 89. ISBN 1-85868-255-X.
  5. ^ Mickey Baker (1925-10-15). "Mickey Baker - Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
  6. ^ "New York Beat". Jet: 64. April 2, 1959.
  7. ^ "The Billboard Spotlight Winners of the Week". Billboard: 76. April 20, 1959.
  8. ^ "Reviews and Rating of New Albums". Billboard: 57. December 7, 1959.
  9. ^ Doc Rock. "The Dead Rock Stars Club 2012 July To December". Thedeadrockstarsclub.com. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
  10. ^ "Décès du guitariste de jazz Mickey Baker". L'Express (in French). 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
  11. ^ "100 Greatest Guitarists: David Fricke's Picks: Mickey Baker". Rolling Stone. 2010-12-03. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
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