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Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

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Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
File:Med-grcr-placca.jpg
Breast star of a Knight Grand Cross of the Republic
TypeOrder of knighthood
EligibilityCivilian and military divisions
StatusExtant
Established3 March 1951
Websitehttps://www.quirinale.it/page/omri Edit this on Wikidata
Precedence
Next (lower)Military Order of Italy
See also: Medal of the Presidency of the Italian Republic

The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Template:Lang-it) was founded as the senior order of knighthood by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi in 1951.[1] The highest ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI.[2]

The order effectively replaced as national orders the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362), which the sovereign, as Grand Master, did not abdicate on the abolition of the monarchy and continues to award in exile as fons honorum.[3] Today, these continue merely as dynastic orders of the former Royal House of Savoy. Whilst their bestowal is suppressed by law in Italy, the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted, exclusive of any right of precedence in official ceremonies.[4]

Grades

Investiture takes place biannually on 2 June, anniversary of the foundation of the Republic and on 27 December, anniversary of the promulgation of the Italian Constitution. However, those awards on Presidential motu proprio, related to termination of service or granted to foreigners may be made at any time. The badge, modified in 2001, bears the inscription Al Merito della Repubblica encircling the national coat of arms on the obverse and the Latin Patriæ Unitati (the union of the country) and Civium Libertati (the liberty of the people) encircling the head of Italia Turrita on the reverse.[5] The five degrees with corresponding ribbons are as follows (with numbers to June 2013):

File:Med-nastro.jpg
Insignia of a Knight of the Italian Republic, since 2001
Ribbon
(1951-2001)		 Ribbon
(since 2001)		 Class (English) Full title in Italian Awards
Knight Grand Cross with Collar Cavaliere di Gran Croce Decorato di Gran Cordone Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
1st Class / Knight Grand Cross Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 8,814
2nd Class / Grand Officer Grande Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 24,170
3rd Class / Commander Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 45,843
4th Class / Officer Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 29,765
5th Class / Knight Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 127,654

The order is bestowed by decree of the President of the Italian Republic, as head of the orders of knighthood, on the recommendation of the President of the Council of Ministers. Except in exceptional circumstances, no one can be awarded for the first time a rank higher than Knight. The minimum age requirement is normally 35.

Knights Grand Cross with Collar

Recipients:

See also

References

  1. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair World Orders of Knighthood and Merit (pp.1233-4) Buckingham: Burke's Peerage and Gentry, 2006
  2. ^ The linguist: Journal of the Institute of Linguists, Volumes 42-44 Institute of Linguists (Great Britain). Institute of Linguists, 2003, pg. 121
  3. ^ Ordini Cavallereschi del Regno d'Italia Corpo della Nobiltà Italiana (retrieved 10 September 2009)
  4. ^ LEGGE 3 marzo 1951, n. 178 Istituzione dell'Ordine "Al Merito della Repubblica Italiana" e disciplina del conferimento e dell'uso delle onorificenze (Gazzetta Ufficiale 30 marzo 1951, n. 73)
  5. ^ By Decree of the President of the Republic No. 173 of 30 March 2001
  6. ^ Italian Presidency website searching
  7. ^ Italian Presidency website, KUFUOR John Agyekum Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  8. ^ Italian Presidency website, GASPAROVIC Ivan Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  9. ^ Italian Presidency website, FISCHER Heinz Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  10. ^ Italian Presidency website, BACHELET JERIA Verónica Michelle decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  11. ^ Italian Presidency website, BIN ABDUL AZIZ AL SAUD Abdallah decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  12. ^ Italian Presidency website, HALONEN Tarja Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  13. ^ Italian Presidency website, SLEIMAN Michel Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  14. ^ Italian Presidency website, FESTING Matthew Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  15. ^ Italian Presidency website, LEE Myung-bak Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  16. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Abdullah Gul - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  17. ^ Italian Presidency website, Al-Assad S.E. Bashar Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  18. ^ ATTO CAMERA INTERROGAZIONE A RISPOSTA SCRITTA 4/17085 Banchedati.camera.it Template:It icon
  19. ^ Italian Presidency website, AL-AHMAD AL-JABER AL-SABAH Sabah Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  20. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. George Abela - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  21. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Danilo Türk - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  22. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Ivo Josipovic - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  23. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Traian Basescu - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  24. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Bronislaw Komorowski - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  25. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. François Hollande - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  26. ^ Italian Presidency website, Gauck S.E. Joachim - Decorato di Gran Cordone - Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
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