PREX1

PREX1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3QIK, 4YON, 5D3W, 5D3V, 5FI0, 5D27, 5D3Y, 5FI1, 5D3X
Identifiers
Aliases	PREX1, P-REX1, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1
External IDs	OMIM: 606905; MGI: 3040696; HomoloGene: 10821; GeneCards: PREX1; OMA:PREX1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human) Band 20q13.13 Start 48,624,252 bp End 48,827,999 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) Band 2|2 H3 Start 166,408,262 bp End 166,555,752 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in inferior ganglion of vagus nerve blood corpus callosum C1 segment granulocyte ganglionic eminence right lung subthalamic nucleus external globus pallidus substantia nigra Top expressed in granulocyte decidua lymph node gastrula mesenteric lymph nodes thymus membranous bone trigeminal ganglion tail of embryo superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function GTPase activator activity protein binding enzyme binding phospholipid binding guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Cellular component membrane growth cone plasma membrane dendritic shaft perinuclear region of cytoplasm cytoplasm cytosol Biological process intracellular signal transduction neutrophil activation regulation of dendrite development neutrophil chemotaxis reactive oxygen species metabolic process regulation of actin filament polymerization actin filament polymerization positive regulation of GTPase activity positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading T cell differentiation regulation of Rho protein signal transduction superoxide metabolic process positive regulation of cell adhesion negative regulation of protein kinase activity positive regulation of cell migration negative regulation of TOR signaling positive regulation of apoptotic process regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 57580 277360 Ensembl ENSG00000124126 ENSMUSG00000039621 UniProt Q8TCU6 Q69ZK0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020820 NM_177782 RefSeq (protein) NP_065871 NP_808450 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 48.62 – 48.83 Mb Chr 2: 166.41 – 166.56 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PREX1 gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the RHO family of small GTP-binding proteins (RACs). It has been shown to bind to and activate RAC1 by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. The encoded protein, which is found mainly in the cytoplasm, is activated by phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and the beta-gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins.

Clinical significance

The protein has been implicated in the spread of melanoma skin cancer.

Further reading

• Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, et al. (2003). "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones". DNA Res. 9 (3): 99–106. doi:10.1093/dnares/9.3.99. PMID 12168954.
• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ishikawa KI, et al. (2000). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVI. The complete sequences of 150 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 7 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.1.65. PMID 10718198.
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166.
• Fossey SC, Mychaleckyj JC, Pendleton JK, et al. (2001). "A high-resolution 6.0-megabase transcript map of the type 2 diabetes susceptibility region on human chromosome 20". Genomics. 76 (1–3): 45–57. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6584. PMID 11549316.
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature. 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.
• Weiner OD (2002). "Rac activation: P-Rex1 - a convergence point for PIP(3) and Gbetagamma?". Curr. Biol. 12 (12): R429–31. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00917-X. PMC 2819105. PMID 12123595.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Zhao T, Nalbant P, Hoshino M, et al. (2007). "Signaling requirements for translocation of P-Rex1, a key Rac2 exchange factor involved in chemoattractant-stimulated human neutrophil function". J. Leukoc. Biol. 81 (4): 1127–36. doi:10.1189/jlb.0406251. PMID 17227822.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.
• Hernández-Negrete I, Carretero-Ortega J, Rosenfeldt H, et al. (2007). "P-Rex1 links mammalian target of rapamycin signaling to Rac activation and cell migration". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (32): 23708–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M703771200. PMID 17565979.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
• Barber MA, Donald S, Thelen S, et al. (2007). "Membrane translocation of P-Rex1 is mediated by G protein betagamma subunits and phosphoinositide 3-kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (41): 29967–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M701877200. PMID 17698854.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)