Principality of Tarusa
Principality of Tarusa Тарусское княжество (Russian) | ||
|---|---|---|
.png)
| ||
| Status | Principality | |
| Capital | Tarusa | |
| Common languages | Russian | |
| Religion | Russian Orthodoxy | |
| Government | Monarchy | |
| Prince | ||
• 13th century | Yury Mikhailovich (first) | |
| Today part of | Russia | |
The Principality of Tarusa[a] (Russian: Тарусское княжество, romanized: Tarusskoye knyazhestvo) was a minor Russian principality in the 13th to 15th centuries. It was one of the Upper Oka principalities, with its center at Tarusa. It split into several appanages, which were later incorporated into the Grand Principality of Moscow.
History[edit]
The first prince of Tarusa is considered to be Yury Mikhailovich,[1] the youngest son of Mikhail Vsevolodovich of Chernigov, who received Tarusa upon his father's death in 1246.[2] According to genealogies from the early 16th century, Yury came to Tarusa and had five sons, with the eldest, Vsevolod, being given Tarusa.[3] Subsequently, the principality was divided into several appanages, including Obolensk.[4]
By the 1350s, the princes of the Upper Oka principalities were likely dependent on Moscow.[5] In 1392, Tarusa was annexed to Moscow.[6] In a 1402 treaty with Ryazan, the grand prince of Moscow obliged the grand prince of Ryazan to make peace with the prince of Tarusa, who had belonged to Moscow.[7]
By the end of the 14th century and the beginning of the 15th century, the appanages of Tarusa were buffer possessions of the Grand Principality of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Some princes became Lithuanian subjects, such as the Mezetskys and Volkonskys, while others remained subjects of Moscow and retained appanage rights, such as the Obolenskys and Myshetskys.[8] By the middle of the 15th century, nearly all of the princes were in Muscovite service, and by the end of the 15th century and the start of the 16th century, those princes lost their independence.[9]
According to one of the genealogies, Andrey (Fyodor) Myshetsky in 1409 went into the service of the grand prince of Moscow, Vasily I, and in 1488, his descendant Ivan Myshetsky was sent to Novgorod by Ivan III and his inheritance (votchina) went to Ivan.[10] N. P. Likhachev noted that the chronicle source confirms the resettlement of people in Muscovite service to Novgorod in the years 1488–1489.[11] In 1503, Ivan III bequeathed his oldest surviving son, Vasily, the grand principality along with the towns bordering Ryazan, including Tarusa, Gorodets, and others.[12][13]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ Also spelled Tarussa or Torusa.
References[edit]
- ^ Войтович, Леонтій Вікторович (2000). Князівські династії Східної Європи (in Ukrainian). p. 419. ISBN 966-02-1683-1.
- ^ Dimnik, Martin (12 June 2003). The Dynasty of Chernigov, 1146–1246. Cambridge University Press. p. 379. ISBN 978-1-139-43684-7.
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 244, "По свидетельству родословия литовско-русских кн. Одинцевичей первой половины XVI в., кн. Юрий Михайлович, сын казненного в Орде в 1246 г. вел. кн. Михаила Всеволодовича Черниговского, 'пришол в Тарус, и в Тарусе господарыл и родил сынов пять... И разделил им после своего живота отчину. Старшому, Всеволоду, Тарусу, Семену Канинь, Михаилу Мышагу, а Ивану Волкона, а Константину Оболенскь'".
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 244.
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 120.
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 28, "Московский летописный свод 1479 г. сообщает о приобретении вел. кн. московским Василием Дмитриевичем, более конкретно, ярлыка на Тарусу в 1392 г. 'от царя Тахтамыша',...".
- ^ Shekov 2012, pp. 22–23.
- ^ Shekov 2012, pp. 148–153.
- ^ Shekov 2012, pp. 198–200.
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 198, "Согласно этому источнику, кн. Андрей (Федор) Мышецкий в 6917 (1409) г. выехал на службу к московскому вел. кн. Василию Дмитриевичу, а в 6996 (1488) г. кн. Иван Мышецкий был выслан вел. кн. Иваном Васильевичем в Новгород, 'а вотчину их великий государь приказал взять на себя'".
- ^ Shekov 2012, pp. 198–199, "Н.П. Лихачев отметил, что летописный источник подтверждает переселение московских служилых людей 'в Новгород на житье' в 1488–1489 г., а писцовая книга 1500 г.– испомещение кн. Мышецких в Ореховском уезде".
- ^ Shekov 2012, p. 198, "История Верховских княжеств в составе России XVI в.– это история их ликвидации. По своей духовной грамоте, составленной в 1503 г., вел. кн. Иван III завещал своему старшему сыну Василию 'город Торусу з Городцом, и с-Ыскан(ь)ю, и с Мышегою, и с Колодною, и со княгининскою вотчиною Овдот(ь)иною, город Мченеск с волостьми…'".
- ^ Howes, Robert Craig (1967). The Testaments of the Grand Princes of Moscow. Cornell University Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-598-21269-6.
To Vasiliy, his oldest surviving son, the grand prince bequeathed his father's 'patrimony, the grand principalities [of Moscow and Vladimir],... the city of Moscow with its customs and volosts... with the 'other localities along the Ryazan' border'; Yelets; Serpukhov; Khotun'; Tarusa; Gorodets Serpukhovskiy...
Bibliography[edit]
- Shekov, Aleksandr Vladimirovich (2012). Верховские княжества. Середина XIII - середина XVI в. (in Russian). Русская панорама. ISBN 978-5-91791-016-1.