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Robert Walter Weir

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Robert Walter Weir
Robert Walter Weir, circa 1864
Born(1803-06-18)June 18, 1803
New York City, New York
DiedMay 1, 1889(1889-05-01) (aged 85)
New York City, New York
NationalityAmerican
EducationSelf-taught
Known forPainting
MovementRealism, Hudson River School

Robert Walter Weir (June 18, 1803 – May 1, 1889) was an American artist and educator. He is considered a painter of the Hudson River School.[1] Weir was elected to the National Academy of Design in 1829, and an instructor at the United States Military Academy. His best-known works are Embarkation of the Pilgrims (in the United States Capitol rotunda at Washington, D.C.) and Landing of Hendrik Hudson.

Life and career

The Entrance To A Wood (1836), watercolor and graphite on paper, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Borough of Manhattan, New York City, NY

Robert Weir was born to Robert and Mary Katherine (Brinkley) Weir on June 18, 1803 in New York City, New York (it's commonly reported that he was born in New Rochelle, New York, however the family did not move to New Rochelle until 1811[2]). Weir never graduated from college, and in 1821, at the age of 18, he left a job as a mercantile clerk to pursue painting. He studied art in New York City from 1822 to 1824, teaching himself drawing and painting, before departing in 1824 to study in Italy.[3] He remained in Florence from 1824 to 1825, and in Rome from 1825 to 1827, during which time he studied the works of Michelangelo, Raphael, and other Italian masters of the Renaissance. Weir returned to New York in 1827 to care for a sick friend. He remained in New York until 1834 and became an integral part of its artistic community. He was then appointed as Teacher of Drawing, later Professor of Drawing, at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.[4]

Replacing the late Thomas Grimbrede, Weir was the fifth artist to hold the position of art instructor at the academy.[5] During his forty-two years (1834–1876) in this post, he instructed many of the future commanders of the American Civil War. Among his notable students at West Point were James Abbott McNeill Whistler and Seth Eastman. He also developed a special relationship with Ulysses S. Grant.[4] He died in New York City on May 1, 1889.[5]

Children

Weir and his two wives had 16 children.[6] One son, John Ferguson Weir (born 1841) was a painter and sculptor who became a Member of the National Academy of Design in 1866, and was made director of the Yale University Art School in 1868. Another son, Julian Alden Weir (born 1852), studied under his father, as well as under J.-L. Gérôme, and became a distinguished portrait, figure, and landscape painter. He was one of the founders of the Society of American Artists in 1877, and he became a member of the National Academy of Design (1886) and of the Ten American Painters, New York.[7]

Works

The Greenwich Boat Club, 1833, Princeton University Art Museum
Embarkation of the Pilgrims (commissioned 1837; placed 1844), oil on canvas, 12 x 18 feet, United States Capitol Rotunda, Washington, DC

Weir was considered part of the Hudson River school of American art. One of his best known paintings is the The Embarkation of the Pilgrims, which hangs in the United States Capitol Rotunda. He was commissioned by the United States Congress in 1837 and the painting was placed in the rotunda in December 1843.[8] His canvases deal principally with historical subjects. He also painted a watercolor entitled Last Communion of Henry Clay, as well as several portraits.

List of Weir's works

  • Paul Preaching at Athens
  • Two portraits of Sylvanus Thayer [Pappus, p. 210]
  • Embarkation of the Pilgrims at Delft Haven, Holland, July 22, 1620
  • Picnic Along the Hudson[9]
  • Saint Nicholas (1837)[10] (1837), in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.[11]
  • Landing of Hendrik Hudson (1842)
  • A Compositor Setting Type (ca. 1844)[12]
  • Portrait of Robert E. Lee. One of only two portraits of Lee painted before the Civil War.
  • Evening of the Crucifixion (1867)
  • Virgil and Dante crossing the Styx (1869)
  • Seascape with Lighthouse, 1869. Exhibited at Whitney Museum, New York, 1975, in exhibition entitled "Seascape and the American Imagination"
  • The Portico of the Palace of Octavia, Rome (1870)
  • Christ in the Garden (1873)
  • Our Lord in the Mount of Olives (1877)
  • Indian Falls (1878)
  • Titan in his Studio
  • Columbus before the Council of Salamanca (1884)
  • The Bourbons Last March
  • Indian Captive
  • Taking the Veil
  • The Evening of the Crucifixion
  • Portrait of Jared Mansfield
  • Portrait of General Winfield Scott
  • Portrait of Dennis Hart Mahan
  • Il Penseroso

Portraits

Other Works

  • Saint Nicholas, 1837
    Saint Nicholas, 1837
  • The Microscope, 1849
    The Microscope, 1849
  • Taking the Veil, 1863
    Taking the Veil, 1863
  • The Hudson River from Hoboken, 1878
    The Hudson River from Hoboken, 1878

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Robert Walter Weir.

References

  1. ^ "Robert W". Math.usma.edu. 2000-11-28. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
  2. ^ Webber, Richard (October 1930). ""Birthplace of Robert Walter Weir, Artist"". New-York Historical Society Quarterly Bulletin. 14.
  3. ^ Kent Ahrens,"The Portraits of Robert Weir," American Art Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 4
  4. ^ a b Ahrens, p. 4.
  5. ^ a b "USMA site on Weir". Math.usma.edu. 2000-11-28. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
  6. ^ Jones, Jennifer (Spring 2012). "Portraits of Influence:Robert Walter Weir (1803-89)". BYU Magazine: 31.
  7. ^ Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Weir, Robert Walter". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  8. ^ "Architect of the Capitol page on Embarkation of the Pilgrims". Aoc.gov. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
  9. ^ "Robert Weir - Artist, Fine Art, Auction Records, Prices, Biography for Robert Walter Weir". Askart.com. 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
  10. ^ "East Baltimore Documentary Survey Project by Joan Clark Netherwood / American Art". Americanart.si.edu. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
  11. ^ Reed, Henry Hope. The United States Capital: Its Architecture and Decoration. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. p. 203. ISBN 0-393-03831-9.
  12. ^ Untitled, Hawk-Eye (Burlington, Iowa), 13 June 1844
  • Finding aid authors: Dennis Rowley and Loretta Trentman (2014). "Weir family papers". Prepared for the L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Provo, UT. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
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