Rotaliida
| Rotaliida Temporal range: Triassic - recent
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| Ammonia beccarii (Rotaliidae) | |
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| Order: | Rotaliida Delage & Hérouard, 1896
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The Rotallida are an order of Foraminifera, characterized by multilocular tests (shells) composed of bilammelar perforate hyaline lamellar calcite that may be optically radial or granular. Where the Foraminifera comprise a phylum, the class Rotalidia is equivalent to the order.
In form, rotaliid tests are typically enrolled, but may be reduced to biserial or uniserial, or may be encrusting with proliferated chambers. Chambers may be simple or subdivided by secondary partitions; the surface is smooth, papillate, costate, striate, or cancellate; the aperture is simple or with an internal toothplate, entosolenian tube, or hemicylindrical structure; it may have an internal canal or stolen systems.
Rotaliids are primarily oceanic benthos, although some are common in shallower estuarine waters. They also include many important fossils, such as the nummulitids.
Taxonomy
The Rotaliida are now divided into these superfamilies:
- order Rotaliida Delage & Hérouard, 1896
- sous-order Globigerinina Delage & Hérouard, 1896
- super-family Globigerinoidea Carpenter et al., 1862
- family Globigerinidae Carpenter & al., 1862
- family Hastigerinidae Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan, 1957
- super-family Globorotalioidea Cushman, 1927
- family Candeinidae Cushman, 1927
- family Catapsydracidae Bolli & al., 1957 †
- family Eoglobigerinidae Blow, 1979 †
- family Globorotaliidae Cushman, 1927
- family Pulleniatinidae Cushman, 1927
- family Truncorotaloididae Loeblich & Tappan, 1961 †
- super-family Globotruncanoidea Brotzen, 1942 †
- family Globotruncanidae Brotzen, 1942 †
- family Rugoglobigerinidae Subbotina, 1959 †
- super-family Hantkeninoidea Cushman, 1927
- family Cassigerinellidae Bolli & al., 1957 †
- family Globanomalinidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984
- family Hantkeninidae Cushman, 1927 †
- super-family Heterohelicoidea Cushman, 1927
- family Chiloguembelinidae Reiss, 1963
- family Guembelitriidae Montanaro Gallitelli, 1957
- family Heterohelicidae Cushman, 1927
- super-family Planomalinoidea Bolli et al., 1957 †
- family Globigerinelloididae Longoria, 1974 †
- family Planomalinidae Bolli & al., 1957 †
- family Schackoinidae Pokorny, 1958 †
- super-family Rotaliporoidea Sigal, 1958 †
- family Favusellidae Michael, 1973 †
- family Globuligerinidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984 †
- family Hedbergellidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1961 †
- family Rotaliporidae Sigal, 1958 †
- super-family Globigerinoidea Carpenter et al., 1862
- super-family Acervulinoidea Schultze, 1854
- family Acervulinidae Schultze, 1854
- family Homotrematidae Cushman, 1927
- super-family Annulopatellinoidea Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
- family Annulopatellinidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
- super-family Asterigerinoidea d'Orbigny, 1839
- family Amphisteginidae Cushman, 1927
- family Asterigerinatidae Reiss, 1963
- family Asterigerinidae d'Orbigny, 1839
- family Boreloididae Reiss, 1963 †
- family Epistomariidae Hofker, 1954
- family Lepidocyclinidae Scheffen, 1932 †
- super-family Bolivinitoidea Cushman, 1927
- family Bolivinitidae Cushman, 1927
- family Tortoplectellidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1985
- super-family Bolivinoidea Glaessner, 1937
- family Cheilochanidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1994
- super-family Buliminoidea Jones, 1875
- family Buliminellidae Hofker, 1951
- family Buliminidae Jones, 1875
- family Millettiidae Saidova, 1981
- family Pavoninidae Eimer & Fickert, 1899
- family Reussellidae Cushman, 1933
- family Siphogenerinoididae Saidova, 1981
- family Trimosinidae Saidova, 1975
- family Uvigerinidae Haeckel, 1894
- super-family Cassidulinoidea d'Orbigny, 1839
- family Bolivinellidae Hayward & Brazier, 1980
- family Cassidulinidae d'Orbigny, 1839
- family Cassidulinitidae Saidova, 1981 †
- family Hooperellidae Clark, 1994
- super-family Chilostomelloidea Brady, 1881
- family Alabaminidae Hofker, 1951
- family Anomalinidae Cushman, 1927
- family Chilostomellidae Brady, 1881
- family Coleitidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984 †
- family Gavelinellidae Hofker, 1956
- family Globorotalitidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984 †
- family Karreriidae Saidova, 1981
- family Quadrimorphinidae Saidova, 1981
- family Trichohyalidae Saidova, 1981
- super-family Delosinoidea Parr, 1950
- family Caucasinidae Bykova, 1959
- family Delosinidae Parr, 1950
- family Tremachoridae Lipps & Lipps, 1969 †
- super-family Discorbinelloidea Sigal, 1952
- family Discorbinellidae Sigal, 1952
- family Planulinoididae Saidova, 1981
- family Pseudoparrellidae Voloshinova, 1952
- super-family Discorboidea Ehrenberg, 1838
- family Bagginidae Cushman, 1927
- family Bronnimanniidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984
- family Bueningiidae Saidova, 1981
- family Cancrisidae Chapman, Parr & Collins, 1934
- family Conorbinidae Reiss, 1963 †
- family Discorbidae Ehrenberg, 1838
- family Eponididae Hofker, 1951
- family Heleninidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1987
- family Louisianinidae
- family Mississippinidae Saidova, 1981
- family Pannellainidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984
- family Pegidiidae Heron-Allen & earland, 1928
- family Placentulinidae Kasimova, Poroshina & Geodakchan, 1980
- family Rosalinidae Reiss, 1963
- family Rotaliellidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
- family Sphaeroidinidae Cushman, 1927
- family Ungulatellidae Seiglie, 1964
- super-family Eouvigerinoidea Cushman, 1927 †
- family Eouvigerinidae Cushman, 1927 †
- family Lacosteinidae Sigal, 1952 †
- super-family Fursenkoinoidea Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
- family Virgulinellidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984
- super-family Glabratelloidea Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
- family Buliminoididae Seiglie, 1970
- family Glabratellidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1964
- family Heronalleniidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1986
- super-family Loxostomatoidea Loeblich & Tappan, 1962
- family Loxostomatidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1962 †
- super-family Nonionoidea Schultze, 1854
- family Almaenidae Myatlyuk, 1959
- family Nonionidae Schultze, 1854
- family Spirotectinidae Saidova, 1981
- super-family Nummulitoidea Blainville, 1827
- family Asterocyclinidae Brönnimann, 1951 †
- family Discocyclinidae Galloway, 1928 †
- family Nummulitidae de Blainville, 1827
- family Pellatispiridae Hanzawa, 1937 †
- super-family Orbitoidoidea Schwager, 1876 †
- family Lepidorbitoididae Vaughan, 1933 †
- family Linderinidae Loeblich & Tappan, 1984 †
- family Orbitoididae Schwager, 1876 †
- super-family Planorbulinoidea Schwager, 1877
- family Bisacciidae Loeblich & tappan, 1987
- family Cibicididae Cushman, 1927
- family Cymbaloporidae Cushman, 1927
- family Planorbulinidae Schwager, 1877
- family Planulinidae Bermúdez, 1952
- family Victoriellidae Chapman & Crespin, 1930
- super-family Pleurostomelloidea Reuss, 1860 †
- family Ellipsoidinidae Silvestri, 1923 †
- family Pleurostomellidae Reuss, 1860 †
- super-family Rotalioidea Ehrenberg, 1839
- family Calcarinidae d'Orbigny, 1826
- family Chapmaninidae Thalmann, 1938 †
- family Elphidiidae Galloway, 1933
- family Miogypsinidae Vaughan, 1928 †
- family Notorotaliidae Hornibrook, 1961
- family Pseudorbitoididae Rutten, 1935 †
- family Rotaliidae Ehrenberg, 1839
- super-family Siphoninoidea
- family Siphoninidae Cushman, 1927
- super-family Turrilinoidea Cushman, 1927
- family Stainforthiidae Reiss, 1963
- family Tosaiidae Saidova, 1981
- family Turrilinidae Cushman, 1927
- sous-order Globigerinina Delage & Hérouard, 1896
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References
- Loeblich, Alfred R.; Tappan, Helen (1964). Moore, R.C. (ed.). Protista 2: Sarcodina Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. C (5th ed.). Geological Society of America. ISBN 978-0-8137-3003-5.
- Loeblich, Jr, Alfred R.; Tappan, Helen (1988). Foraminiferal genera and their classification. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. ISBN 9780442259372.
- Gupta, Barun K. Sen, ed. (1999). Modern foraminifera (Repr. with corr. ed.). Dordrecht [u.a.]: Kluwer Acad. Publ. ISBN 0412824302.
External links
- Suborder ROTALIINA Delage and Hérouard, 1896 (Geological Survey of Iran)