Sadananda Das
 | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
Sadananda (also called Svami Sadananda Das) (1908–1977) was born Ernst-Georg Schulze of Germany.[1] He met Bhakti Hridaya Bon, a disciple of Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura. Bon took Schulze to India, where he received diksa from Bhaktisiddhanta and took the name Sadananda Dasa. He was the first known individual who was not of Asian origin to embrace the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition. After conversion of Vamana Dasa (Walter Eidlitz)[2] Sadananda continued to preach in Europe.
Biography
 |
1908
Birth on the 3rd of January in Zittau (Germany). Only child of the fiscal officer F. C. E. Schulze (deceased 1919) and his wife, physician Anna Schulze-Jochem (deceased 1946).
1928
Graduation (Abitur).
1928–1932
Study of comparative theology and Philosophy at the Universities of Leipzig and Berlin and attendance of the Oriental Seminar in Berlin.
1932
Doctoral thesis on "Das Prajna-Paramita-Hridaya-Sutra und seine Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Shunyata-Spekulation" (The Prajna-Paramita-Hridaya-Sutra and its impact on the development of the Shunyata-speculation). Rigorosum: Main subject: Comparative History of Religions. Minor subjects: Sanskrit and Philosophy.
1933
Independent scholar in Berlin. Preparation of a work on Shantideva's Bodhicaryavatara (buddh. Sanskrit-text) and acting as scientific foreign consultant for the "Gemeinde um Buddha" (Buddha's community) in Berlin. Winter: Invitation to a guest lecture at the University of Tokyo and preparation for the final emigration to Japan. Gets the book "Shri Krishna Caitanya" (written by Prof. N. Sanyal) from friends in London as a present. Contacts the author and his teacher Bhakti Siddhanta Sarasvati, who lived in Mayapur (Bengal). Following his recommendation to get accustomed to the Indian way of life and thinking before leaving for India, he stays in London together with Bhakti Siddhanta's disciples.
1934–1935
London. Collaborator of the "Society for Promoting Spiritual Understanding between East and West". In the colony of the Indian monks he becomes acquainted with B. P. Tirtha and assists him in translating an ancient commentary on the Gita. Accompanies B. H. Vana (Svami Bon) on his journey of lectures on the Continent.
1935–1961
Staying in India. Studies in philosophy and Sanskrit under the guidance of his teacher Bhakti Siddhanta Sarasvati in Bengal, study trips to North-India, lectures and essays on Indian philosophy. Initiation into Hinduism (Vaishnava) and receiving the name "Sadananda" (always joyful).
1937
After his teacher's death in January 1937, he travels all over India as a mendicant, from the very North to the very South. After his return to North-India, men from the University of Allahabad invite him to found a monastery and scientific institute in Allahabad, where teachers and students could get the opportunity to study the interrelations between modern science and ancient culture.
1939
At the beginning of the Second World War, internment due to German citizenship.
1942
A sergeant, rousing him violently from his yoga-exercises, causes him a bent in his rectum (ileum). The following operation fails and further operations create additionally a chronic infection with penicillin-resistant staphylococci. In the camp he meets the Austrian poet Walther Eidlitz, who is also interned. Sadananda dictates him translations from ancient Indian Sanskrit-texts.
1945
Release from the military hospital and the camp. In spite of his illness, further study trips to Assam, Nepal and North-India. He collects and copies old and almost decayed Sankrit- and Bengali-manuscripts of the Middle-Ages, owned either by privat gentlemen or temples. He assists his friend, the scholar Haridas das (former professor of Sanskrit in Chittagong, East-Bengal) in publishing various manuscripts.
1950
Becomes an Indian citizen.
1956
Due to his deteriorating state of health, friends in Sweden set up a "Sadananda-fund" to ensure a necessary medical treatment in Calcutta. But even a long-term treatment in the best hospital of Calcutta, initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru personally, cannot restore his health.
1961
A small group of Swiss realises Sadananda's difficulties and offers him a flight to Basel. In Basel an oral surgery operation heals his fever, that had lasted for many years.
1961–1962
Stays with friends in Sweden. On account of his poor health, he is unable to give his originally planned lectures at the University of Stockholm.
1962–1977
Lives in Basel with periodical visits to Sweden in the summers. Translates and dictates his translations to his Swedish and Swiss friends. Among other things he helps Walther Eidlitz with the publication of his doctoral thesis: "Shri Krishna Caitanya – Sein Leben und Seine Lehre" (Shri Krishna Caitanya – His Life and Precepts), Stockholm 1968.
1969
Prostata-operation and heart-attack.
1975
He suffers a stroke, which almost disables him to read and write.
1977
Death on the 11th of April, Easter Monday, in Basel.
Footnotes
References
- Mukhopādhyāẏa, Haridāsa; Mukherjee, Uma (2000), The origins of the national education movement, 1905–1910 (2 ed.), National Council of Education, Bengal
- Schüffler, Joachim; Jursch, Hanna (1962), Bild und Verkündigung: Festgabe für Hanna Jursch zum 60. Geburtstag, Evangelische Verlagsanstalt
- Rosen, Steven (1992), Vaiṣṇavism: contemporary scholars discuss the Gauḍīya tradition, Folk Books, ISBN 0-9619763-6-5
- Moras, Joachim; Paeschke, Hans (1953), Merkur: deutsche Zeitschrift für europäisches Denken, E. Klett Verlag
- Leifer, Walter (1975), Bombay and the Germans, Shakuntala Pub. House
- Veltheim-Ostrau, Hans Hasso von (1939), Berichte meiner... Reise
- Obst, Helmut (1984), Neureligionen, Jugendreligionen, destruktive Kulte
- Pisani, Vittore (1957), Paideia, Casa editrice Paideia
- Berge, Damião (1969), O logos heraclítico: introdução ao estudo dos fragmentos, Instituto Nacional do Livro