View source for State Duma

{{Short description|Lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia}}
{{About|the modern Russian assembly|the historical body|State Duma (Russian Empire)|other assemblies|Duma}}
{{Other uses|State Duma (disambiguation)|Duma (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox legislature
 | name               = State Duma
 | native_name        = {{nobold|{{lang|ru|Государственная дума|italics=no}}}}
 | transcription_name = {{nobold|{{small|{{transliteration|ru|Gosudarstvennaya duma}}}}}}
 | background_color   = #447ACB
 | legislature        = [[8th State Duma]]
 | coa_pic            = Gosduma logo.svg
 | coa_res            = 200px
 | coa-pic            = 
 | coa-res            = 
 | established        = {{start date and age|df=yes|1993|12|12}}
 | preceded_by        = [[Soviet of the Republic]]<br />[[Constitutional Conference of Russia]]
 | house_type         = [[Federal Assembly of Russia|Lower house]]
 | body               = 
 | leader1_type       = [[Chairman of the State Duma|Chairman]]
 | leader1            = [[Vyacheslav Volodin]]
 | party1             = [[United Russia]]
 | election1          = 5 October 2016
 | leader2_type       = [[List of Deputy Chairmen of the State Duma|First Deputy Chairmen]]
 | leader2            = [[Alexander Zhukov]]
 | party2             = [[United Russia]]
 | election2          = 5 October 2016
 | leader3_type       =
 | leader3            = [[Ivan Melnikov (politician)|Ivan Melnikov]]
 | party3             = [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|Communist Party]]
 | election3          = 5 October 2016
 | members            = 450 
 | term_length        = 5 years
 | structure1         = State Duma updated.svg
 | structure1_res     = 250px
 | political_groups2  = '''[[Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet|Government]]  (347)'''
:{{nowrap|{{Color box|{{party color|United Russia}}|border=silver}} [[United Russia]] (324)}}
: {{Color box|{{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}}|border=silver}} [[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|LDPR]] ([[List of Liberal Democratic Party of Russia deputies in the State Duma|23]])
:: {{Color box|{{party color|Civic Platform (Russia)}}|border=silver}} [[Civic Platform (Russia)|Civic Platform]] ([[Rifat Shaykhutdinov|1]])
:: {{Color box|{{party color|Rodina (political party)}}|border=silver}} [[Rodina (political party)|Rodina]] ([[Aleksey Zhuravlyov (politician)|1]])
'''Other parties (102)'''
: {{Color box|{{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}|border=silver}} [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|CPRF]] ([[CPRF faction in the State Duma|57]])
:: {{Color box|{{Party color|Movement in Support of the Army}}|border=silver}} [[Movement in Support of the Army|DPA]] ([[Viktor Sobolev (politician)|1]])<ref name=cprfmps>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.ru/politics/2022/06/02/srazu-dve-zheny-mesto-rashkina-v-gosdume-zanyala-anastasiya-udalcova.html|title=Сразу две жены: место Рашкина в Госдуме заняла Анастасия Удальцова|website=[[Moskovskij Komsomolets]]|date=2 June 2022 }}</ref>
:: {{Color box|{{Party color|For a New Socialism}}|border=silver}} [[For a New Socialism|DZNS]] ([[Anzhelika Glazkova|1]])<ref name=cprfmps/>
:: {{Color box|{{Party color|Left Front (Russia)}}|border=silver}} [[Left Front (Russia)|Left Front]] ([[Anastasia Udaltsova|1]])<ref name=cprfmps/>
: {{Color box|{{party color|A Just Russia}}|border=silver}} [[A Just Russia – For Truth|SRZP]] (28)
: {{Color box|{{party color|New People (political party)}}|border=silver}} [[New People (political party)|New People]] (16){{efn|Including [[Oksana Dmitriyeva]] who joined the New People party in 2024, but did not join the Duma faction of the party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-19 |title=Оксана Дмитриева возглавит реготделение партии «Новые люди» в Петербурге {{!}} Санкт-Петербург |url=https://fedpress.ru/news/78/policy/3312485 |access-date=2024-04-20 |website=ФедералПресс |language=ru-RU}}</ref>}}
: {{Color box|{{party color|Independent politician}}|border=silver}} [[Independent politician|Independent]] ([[Yevgeny Marchenko (politician)|1]])
'''Vacant seats (1)'''
: {{Color box|{{party color|Vacant}}|border=silver}} Vacant seat (1)
 | committees1        = 
 | joint_committees   = 
 | voting_system1     = [[Parallel voting]]
 | voting_system2     = 
 | first_election1    = [[1993 Russian legislative election|12 December 1993]]
 | last_election1     = [[2021 Russian legislative election|17–19 September 2021]]
 | next_election1     =
 | session_room       = Последнее пленарное заседание весенней сессии Государственной Думы VII созыва.jpg
 | session_res        = 250px
 | meeting_place      = [[State Duma building]]<br />1 Okhotny Ryad Street, Moscow
 | website            = {{URL|http://duma.gov.ru/en/}}
 | footnotes          = 
}}

The '''State Duma'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|d|u:|m|ə}} {{respell|DOO|mə}};<ref>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/duma {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> {{langx|ru|Государственная дума|Gosudarstvennaya duma}}, commonly abbreviated to {{langx|ru|Госдума|Gosduma|label=none}}}} is the [[lower house]] of the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly of Russia]]. It was established by the [[Constitution of the Russian Federation]] in 1993.

The [[Duma]] headquarters are located in central [[Moscow]], a few steps from [[Manezhnaya Square, Moscow|Manege Square]]. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the [[Supreme Soviet of Russia|Supreme Soviet]] as a result of the new constitution introduced by [[Boris Yeltsin]] in the aftermath of the [[Russian constitutional crisis of 1993]], and approved in a [[1993 Russian constitutional referendum|nationwide referendum]].

In the [[2007 Russian legislative election|2007]] and [[2011 Russian legislative election]]s a full [[party-list proportional representation]] with 7% [[electoral threshold]] system was used, but this was subsequently repealed. The legislature's term length was initially 2 years in the 1993–1995 elections period, and 4 years in 1999–2007 elections period; since the 2011 elections the term length is 5 years.

==History==
===Early history===
{{Main|Boyar Duma|Russian Constituent Assembly|Russian Provisional Government|State Duma of the Russian Empire}}
[[File:Building of Council of Labor and Defense, Moscow.jpg|thumb|left|230px|Duma Building on Manege Square]]

The history of the [[duma]] dates back to the boyar dumas of Kievan Rus' and Muscovite Russia as well Tsarist Russia.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Kievan Russia|last=Vernadsky |first=George|date=1973|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0300016476|location=New Haven|pages=182|oclc=7985902}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/boyar|title=Boyar {{!}} Russian aristocrat|website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]|language=en|access-date=21 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/modern-europe/russian-soviet-and-cis-history/duma|title=Duma|website=Encyclopedia.com|access-date=21 June 2020}}</ref> The State Duma of the Russian Empire was founded in 1905 after the violence and upheaval in the [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] and was Russia's first elected parliament. The first two attempts by Tsar [[Nicholas II]] (1868–1918) to make it active were ineffective. Subsequently, each of these Dumas was dissolved after only a few months. The third Duma was the only one to last until the end of its five-year term.
[[File:Vremenniy komitet gozdumy 1917.jpg|thumb|350px|Nine members of the [[Provisional Committee of the State Duma]] in March 1917. From left to right:<br /> Seated: [[Vladimir Nikolaevich Lvov|V. N. Lvov]], V. A. Rzhevsky, S. I. Shidlovsky, and [[Mikhail Rodzianko|M. V. Rodzianko]] (Chairman);<br /> Standing: [[Vasily Shulgin|V. V. Shulgin]], B. A. Engelhardt, [[Alexander Kerensky|A. F. Kerensky]], and M. A. Karaulov.]]

After the 1907 electoral reform, the third Duma, elected in November 1907, was largely made up of members of the upper classes, as radical influences in the Duma had almost entirely been removed. The establishment of the Duma after the [[1905 Revolution]] was to herald significant changes to the previous Russian Imperial autocratic system. Furthermore, the Duma was later to have an important effect on Russian history, as it was one of the contributing factors in the [[February Revolution]] of 1917, the first of two that year, which led to the [[Abolition of monarchy|abolition]] of the [[Tsarist autocracy]] in Russia and the [[October Revolution|overthrow of the Tsardom]].

===Recent history===
====1990s====
Following the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] and the [[1993 Russian constitutional crisis]], the [[Soviet republic (system of government)|Soviet system of government]] was abolished and a [[Constitution of Russia|new Constitution]] was introduced and approved by [[1993 Russian constitutional referendum|a referendum]]. The new Charter transformed the Russian Federation into a federal semi-presidential republic, with a [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|bicameral parliament]] composed by the State Duma and the [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]].

In the [[1993 Russian legislative election|December 1993 elections]] pro-Yeltsin parties won 175 seats in the Duma versus 125 seats for the left bloc. The balance of power lay with the sixty-four deputies of the [[ultranationalist]] [[Political party LDPR|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia]]. Only parties that won more than five percent of the vote were given party-list seats: eight passed the threshold in 1993. In addition to those eight parties, a pool of thirty-five deputies was entitled to form a registered group to reflect regional or sectoral interests. Business was governed by a steering committee, the Duma Council, consisting of one person from each party or group. The most important task was dividing up the chair positions in the Duma's twenty-three committees, which was done as part of a power-sharing "package" deal.

Despite the fact that the Russian Constitution states that the State Duma is elected for four years, it was decided to elect the [[1st State Duma|first State Duma]] for two years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-10.htm#2222|title=Constitution of Russia. Second Section. Concluding and Transitional Provisions|access-date=21 June 2020|website=Constitution.ru}}</ref> The 1995 election resulted in a strong boost for the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, which became the first political party of Russia and elected 157 seats: a Communist, [[Gennadiy Seleznyov|Gennady Seleznyov]], was elected as Speaker of the State Duma. The "presidential party" [[Our Home – Russia]] won 55 seats.

During the second half of the 1990s, the Duma became an important forum for lobbying by regional leaders and businessmen looking for tax breaks and legislative favors. The work of the leading committees, such as those for defense, foreign affairs, or budget, attracted a good deal of media attention and lobbying activity.

====2000s====
In the early 2000s, following the [[1999 Russian legislative election|1999 parliamentary elections]], the pro-presidential [[Unity (Russian political party)|Unity party]] and the [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|Communist Party]] were the leading forces in the State Duma.

After the [[2003 Russian legislative election|2003 elections]], a [[dominant-party system]] was established with the newly formed pro-presidential [[United Russia]] party dominating. In all subsequent elections, United Russia has always received an absolute majority of seats (more than 226). During the presidency of [[Vladimir Putin]], the State Duma became increasingly referred to as a [[rubber stamp (politics)|rubber stamp]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Roberts |first1=Sean P. |title=Putin's United Russia Party |date=2012 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9780415728300}}</ref> with there being a shift to [[electoral authoritarianism]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Liebert |first1=Saltanat |last2=Condrey |first2=Stephen E. |last3=Goncharov |first3=Dmitry |title=Public Administration in Post-Communist Countries: Former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe, and Mongolia |date=25 September 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-55269-1 |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TB03DwAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref>

After the [[2007 Russian legislative election|2007 elections]], a four-party system was formed with a [[United Russia]], [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|Communist Party]], [[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|Liberal Democratic Party]] and [[A Just Russia]]. Other parties could not get enough votes to go to the State Duma. Only in [[2016 Russian legislative election|2016 elections]], two other parties, [[Rodina (political party)|Rodina]] and the [[Civic Platform (Russia)|Civic Platform]], were able to get one seat.

In 2008, after the adoption of [[2008 amendments to the Constitution of Russia|amendments to the Constitution]], the term of the State Duma was increased from four to five years.

====2010s====
A 2016 exposé by [[Dissernet]] showed that one in nine members of the State Duma had obtained academic degrees with theses that were substantially plagiarized and likely ghostwritten.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/cover_story/2016/05/the_thriving_russian_black_market_in_dissertations_and_the_crusaders_fighting.html|title=The Craziest Black Market in Russia|last=Neyfakh|first=Leon|date=22 May 2016|newspaper=Slate|language=en-US|issn=1091-2339|access-date=21 June 2020|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230022705/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/cover_story/2016/05/the_thriving_russian_black_market_in_dissertations_and_the_crusaders_fighting.html|archive-date=30 December 2016}}</ref>

In 2018, it became known that the [[State Duma building]] will be reconstructed. In March 2019 it became known that the repair will begin in May 2019 and will end in September 2020. During this period, the State Duma was temporarily housed in the [[House of Unions]]. In addition, a draft of a new conference room, which would be an [[amphitheatre]], was presented.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://realty.ria.ru/20190307/1551627101.html|title=В Госдуме показали проект нового зала пленарных заседаний|trans-title=The State Duma showed a draft of a new plenary room|date=7 March 2019|access-date=21 June 2020|website=Ria.ru|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dailystorm.ru/news/predstavleny-eskizy-novogo-zala-zasedaniy-gosdumy|title=Представлены эскизы нового зала заседаний Госдумы|trans-title=Sketches of the new State Duma conference hall presented|date=7 March 2019|access-date=21 June 2020|website=Dailystorm.ru|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/obschestvo/6197136|title=Ремонт зала в Госдуме планируют завершить к сентябрю 2020 года|date=7 March 2019|access-date=21 June 2020|website=[[TASS]]|language=ru|trans-title=Repair of the hall in the State Duma is planned to be completed by September 2020}}</ref>

==== 2020s ====
After the [[2021 Russian legislative election|2021 elections]], in addition to the four main parties, the [[New People (political party)|New People]] party was also elected to the State Duma. Thus, for the first time since 1999, a five-party State Duma was formed.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ЦИК утвердил окончательные итоги выборов в Госдуму|url=https://rg.ru/2021/09/24/cik-utverdil-okonchatelnye-itogi-vyborov-v-gosdumu.html|access-date=2021-09-25|website=Российская Газета|date=24 September 2021 }}</ref>

==Powers of the State Duma==
The State Duma has special powers [[enumerated powers|enumerated]] by the [[Constitution of Russia]]. They are:

* Consent to the appointment of the [[Prime Minister of Russia]].
* Hearing annual reports from the Government of the Russian Federation on the results of its work, including on issues raised by the State Duma.
* Deciding the [[Motion of no confidence#Russia|issue of confidence]] in the [[Government of Russia|Government of the Russian Federation]].
* Appointment and dismissal of the Chairman of the [[Central Bank of Russia]].
* Appointment and dismissal of the Chairman and half of the auditors of the Accounts Chamber.
* Appointment and dismissal of the Commissioner for [[Human rights in Russia|Human rights]], who shall act according to federal constitutional law.
* Announcement of [[amnesty]].
* Bringing charges against the President of the Russian Federation for his [[Impeachment in Russia|impeachment]] (requires a two-thirds majority).

The State Duma adopts decrees on issues relating to its authority by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

== Election ==
[[File:Moon Jae-in in the Russian State Duma (2018-06-21) 15.jpg|thumb|Vyacheslav Volodin with South Korean President [[Moon Jae-in]] in the State Duma, 21 June 2018]]
The legal framework that is used to elect Duma differed over the years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Herszenhorn|first=David M.|date=2013-01-02|title=Putin Orders Change in Election Rules|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/03/world/europe/putin-orders-new-system-for-russian-parliamentary-elections.html|access-date=2021-09-28|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="History of the State Duma">{{Cite web|title=History of the State Duma|url=http://duma.gov.ru/en/duma/about/history/information/|access-date=2021-09-28|website=The State Duma|language=en}}</ref> Save to parliamentary [[2007 Russian legislative election|election of 2007]] and [[2011 Russian legislative election|election of 2011]] the mixed system of [[parallel voting]] was used to elect Duma. The system was restored back in February 2014 from a [[party-list proportional representation]] system enacted in 2003 with an increased [[Electoral threshold|threshold]] of 7% which was lowered this time to 5%.<ref name="History of the State Duma"/><ref name=":1" />

=== Constituencies ===
{{Main|Constituencies of Russia}}
According to the law adopted in 2014 the Russian territory is divided into constituencies which are used for elections of single candidates per constituency. However, a single "united" constituency is used for the distribution of party-list.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 14, 2014|title=Federal Law On Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation|url=https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/6192/file/Law%20on%20Parliamentary%20Elections%20of%20the%20Russian%20Federation%20as%20of%20February%202014.pdf|url-status=dead|access-date=28 September 2021|archive-date=23 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023170830/https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/6192/file/Law%20on%20Parliamentary%20Elections%20of%20the%20Russian%20Federation%20as%20of%20February%202014.pdf}}</ref>

== Procedures ==

=== Bills and laws ===
[[File:State Duma voting device.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Voting device]]

Bills of the State Duma are adopted by a majority of the total number of deputies of the State Duma, unless another procedure is envisaged by the Constitution. All bills are first approved by the State Duma and are further debated and approved (or rejected) by the Federation Council.

Relatively few [[recorded vote|roll call vote]]s have been published that identify individual deputies' votes.<ref name=shocking/> The votes of individuals are recorded only if the voting is open and the electronic method is used.<ref name=shocking>{{cite book|title=Shocking Mother Russia: Democratization, Social Rights, and Pension Reform in Russia, 1990-2001|first=Andrea|last=Chandler|year=2004|page=97|publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]]|isbn=0-8020-8930-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mMZf-2yawd8C&pg=PA97}}</ref> While not all votes are officially roll call votes, every time a deputy electronically votes a computer registers the individual deputy's vote.<ref>{{cite book |title=Comparing Post-Soviet Legislatures: A Theory of Institutional Design and Political Conflict |first=Joel M. |last=Ostrow |year=2000 |publisher=[[Ohio State University Press]] |pages=[https://archive.org/details/comparingpostsov0000ostr/page/24 24]–25 |isbn=0-8142-0841-X |lccn=99-059121 |url = https://archive.org/details/comparingpostsov0000ostr |url-access=registration }}</ref>

==Membership==
{{Politics of Russia|expanded=Legislature}}

Any Russian citizen who is age 21 or older is eligible to participate in the election may be elected deputy to the State Duma.<ref>{{citation |mode=cs1 |title=Article 97 (2)|work=[[Constitution of Russia]]}}</ref> However, that same person may not be a deputy to the Federation Council. In addition, a State Duma deputy cannot hold office in any other representative body of state power or bodies of local self-government. The office as deputy of the State Duma is a full-time and professional position.<ref>{{citation |mode=cs1 |title=Article 97 (3)|work=[[Constitution of Russia]]}}</ref> Thus, deputies to the State Duma may not be employed in the civil service or engage in any activities for remuneration other than teaching, research or other creative activities.

=== Chairmen of the State Duma ===
{{Main|Chairman of the State Duma}}
*[[Ivan Rybkin]] (1994–1996)
*[[Gennadiy Seleznyov]] (1996–2003)
*[[Boris Gryzlov]] (2003–2011)
*[[Sergey Naryshkin]] (2011–2016)
*[[Vyacheslav Volodin]] (since 2016)

== List of State Duma convocations ==
{| class="wikitable" 
!Duma
!Period
!Election
|-
|[[1st State Duma|1st]]
|12 December 1993 – 17 December 1995
|[[1993 Russian legislative election|1993]]
|-
|[[2nd State Duma|2nd]]
|17 December 1995 – 19 December 1999
|[[1995 Russian legislative election|1995]]
|-
|[[3rd State Duma|3rd]]
|19 December 1999 – 7 December 2003
|[[1999 Russian legislative election|1999]]
|-
|[[4th State Duma|4th]]
|7 December 2003 – 2 December 2007
|[[2003 Russian legislative election|2003]]
|-
|[[5th State Duma|5th]]
|2 December 2007 – 4 December 2011
|[[2007 Russian legislative election|2007]]
|-
|[[6th State Duma|6th]]
|21 December 2011 – 18 September 2016
|[[2011 Russian legislative election|2011]]
|-
|[[7th State Duma|7th]]
|5 October 2016 – 19 September 2021
|[[2016 Russian legislative election|2016]]
|-
|[[8th State Duma|8th]]
|12 October 2021 – present
|[[2021 Russian legislative election|2021]]
|}

== Historical composition ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;"
|-
| colspan="2" |
{| width="100%" style="font-size:90%;"
| width="40" |
|{{legend|{{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}|[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|KPRF]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|A Just Russia — For Truth}}|[[A Just Russia — For Truth|SR/SRZP]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Civic Union (Russia)}}|[[Civic Union (Russia)|GS]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Yabloko}}|[[Yabloko]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Fatherland – All Russia}}|[[Fatherland – All Russia|OVR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Women of Russia}}|[[Women of Russia|ZhR]]}}
|{{legend|#808080|Others}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Independent politician}}|Independent}}
|{{legend|#000000|Vacant}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Russian Democratic Reform Movement}}|[[Russian Democratic Reform Movement|RDDR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|People's Party of the Russian Federation}}|[[People's Party of the Russian Federation|NPRF]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|New People (political party)}}|[[New People (political party)|NL]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Our Home – Russia}}|[[Our Home – Russia|NDR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Union of Right Forces}}|[[Union of Right Forces|SPS]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Democratic Choice of Russia}}|[[Democratic Choice of Russia|DVR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Democratic Party of Russia}}|[[Democratic Party of Russia|DPR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Party of Russian Unity and Accord}}|[[Party of Russian Unity and Accord|PRES]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Agrarian Party of Russia}}|[[Agrarian Party of Russia|APR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Power to the People (Russia)}}|[[Power to the People (Russia)|VN]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Unity}}|[[Unity (Russian political party)|Unity]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|United Russia}}|[[United Russia|YeR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}}|[[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|LDPR]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Congress of Russian Communities}}|[[Congress of Russian Communities|KRO]]}}
|{{legend|{{party color|Rodina (political party)}}|[[Rodina (political party)|Rodina]]}}
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[1993 Russian legislative election|1993]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width:  9.33%"| 42
| style="background-color: {{party color|Civic Union (Russia)}};                                      width:  2.22%"| 10
| style="background-color: {{party color|Yabloko}};                                                   width:  6.00%"| 27
| style="background-color: {{party color|Women of Russia}};                                           width:  5.11%"| 23
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  1.33%"|  6
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width: 28.89%"|{{font color|#000000|130}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Russian Democratic Reform Movement}};                        width:  1.11%"|{{font color|#000000|5}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Choice of Russia}};                               width: 14.22%"| 64
| style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Party of Russia}};                                width:  3.11%"| 14
| style="background-color: {{party color|Party of Russian Unity and Accord}};                         width:  4.89%"| 22
| style="background-color: {{party color|Agrarian Party of Russia}};                                  width:  8.22%"| 37
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width: 14.22%"| 64
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[1995 Russian legislative election|1995]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 34.89%"|157
| style="background-color: {{party color|Yabloko}};                                                   width: 10.00%"| 45
| style="background-color: {{party color|Women of Russia}};                                           width:  0.67%"|  3
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  4.00%"| 18
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width: 17.11%"|{{font color|#000000|77}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|Our Home – Russia}};                                         width: 12.22%"| 55
| style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Choice of Russia}};                               width:  2.00%"|  9
| style="background-color: {{party color|Party of Russian Unity and Accord}};                         width:  0.22%"|  1
| style="background-color: {{party color|Agrarian Party of Russia}};                                  width:  4.44%"| 20
| style="background-color: {{party color|Power to the People (Russia)}};                              width:  2.00%"|  9
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width: 11.33%"| 51
| style="background-color: {{party color|Congress of Russian Communities}};                           width:  1.11%"|  5
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[1999 Russian legislative election|1999]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 25.11%"|113
| style="background-color: {{party color|Yabloko}};                                                   width:  4.44%"| 20
| style="background-color: {{party color|Fatherland – All Russia}};                                   width: 15.11%"| 68
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  2.00%"|  9
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width: 23.33%"|{{font color|#000000|105}}
| style="background-color: #000000;                                                                   width:  2.00%"|  9
| style="background-color: {{party color|Our Home – Russia}};                                         width:  1.56%"|  7
| style="background-color: {{party color|Union of Right Forces}};                                     width:  6.44%"| 29
| style="background-color: {{party color|Unity}};                                                     width: 16.22%"| 73
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width:  3.78%"| 17
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[2003 Russian legislative election|2003]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 11.56%"| 52
| style="background-color: {{party color|Yabloko}};                                                   width:  0.89%"|  4
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  1.33%"|  6
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width: 14.89%"|{{font color|#000000|67}}
| style="background-color: #000000;                                                                   width:  0.67%"|  3
| style="background-color: {{party color|People's Party of the Russian Federation}};                  width:  3.78%"| 17
| style="background-color: {{party color|Union of Right Forces}};                                     width:  0.67%"|  3
| style="background-color: {{party color|Agrarian Party of Russia}};                                  width:  0.44%"|  2
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Russia}};                                             width: 49.56%"|223
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width:  8.00%"| 36
| style="background-color: {{party color|Rodina (political party)}};                                  width:  8.22%"| 37
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[2007 Russian legislative election|2007]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 12.67%"| 57
| style="background-color: {{party color|A Just Russia — For Truth}};                                 width:  8.44%"| 38
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Russia}};                                             width: 70.00%"|315
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width:  8.89%"| 40
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[2011 Russian legislative election|2011]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 20.44%"| 92
| style="background-color: {{party color|A Just Russia — For Truth}};                                 width: 14.22%"| 64
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Russia}};                                             width: 52.89%"|238
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width: 12.44%"| 56
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[2016 Russian legislative election|2016]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width:  9.33%"| 42
| style="background-color: {{party color|A Just Russia — For Truth}};                                 width:  5.11%"| 23
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  0.22%"|  1
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width:  0.22%"|{{font color|#000000|1}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Russia}};                                             width: 76.22%"|343
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width:  8.67%"| 39
| style="background-color: {{party color|Rodina (political party)}};                                  width:  0.22%"|  1
|}
|-
| width="40" | [[2021 Russian legislative election|2021]]
|
{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};                 width: 12.67%"| 57
| style="background-color: {{party color|A Just Russia — For Truth}};                                 width:  6.00%"| 27
| style="background-color: #808080;                                                                   width:  0.44%"|  2
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}};                                    width:  1.11%"|{{font color|#000000|5}}
| style="background-color: {{party color|New People (political party)}};                              width:  2.89%"| 13
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Russia}};                                             width: 72.00%"|324
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};                        width:  4.67%"| 21
| style="background-color: {{party color|Rodina (political party)}};                                  width:  0.22%"|  1
|}
|}

==Latest election==
{{Excerpt|2021 Russian legislative election|Results}}

== See also ==
* [[Committee on International Affairs of the State Duma]]
* [[List of members of the State Duma of Russia who died in office]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.duma.gov.ru}} {{in lang|ru}}

{{Portal bar|Politics|Russia}}
{{Russian State Duma}}
{{National lower houses}}
{{Russia topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|55.7579|37.6158|format=dms|type:landmark_region:RU|display=title}}

[[Category:1993 establishments in Russia]]
[[Category:Federal Assembly (Russia)]]
[[Category:Government of Russia]]
[[Category:National lower houses|Russia]]
[[Category:Tverskoy District]]
[[Category:State Duma| ]]
[[Category:Russian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions]]