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The Whiffenpoofs

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The Yale Whiffenpoofs
Background information
GenresA cappella
Years active1909–present
Websitewhiffenpoofs.com
Bright College Years
A recording of the 2006 Whiffenpoofs singing Yale's unofficial alma mater
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The Yale Whiffenpoofs are a collegiate a cappella singing group. Established at Yale University in 1909, it is the oldest such group in the United States. The line-up changes each year, and former members include Cole Porter. The Whiffenpoofs perform near the Yale campus and tour the United States and internationally.

History and activities

Established in 1909 and best known for "The Whiffenpoof Song",[1] the group is composed of senior men who compete in the spring of their junior year for 14 spots.[2] The Whiffs' best-known alumnus may be Cole Porter, who sang in the 1913 line-up; the group often performs Porter songs in tribute.

The Whiffenpoofs have performed for generations at a number of venues, including the Lincoln Center, the White House, the Salt Lake Tabernacle, Oakland Coliseum, Carnegie Hall and the Rose Bowl. The group has appeared on such television shows as Jeopardy!, The Today Show, Saturday Night Live, 60 Minutes, Gilmore Girls, The West Wing, and Glee. In December 2010, the group appeared on NBC's a cappella competition The Sing-Off; they were eliminated fourth, on the second show.

During the school year, the Whiffenpoofs perform on Monday nights at Mory's, known more formally as "Mory's Temple Bar," circulating from room to room.[3] Beginning in 2010, the group sings on Wednesdays at New Haven's Union League Café.

The Whiffenpoofs travel extensively during the school year and take a three-month world tour during the summer. The group's business manager and musical director, known in Whiff tradition respectively as the "Popocatepetl" and "Pitchpipe,"[2] are chosen by members of the previous year's group. An alumni organization maintains close ties with the group.

The word whiffenpoof originated in the 1908 operetta Little Nemo by Victor Herbert, based on the comic strip Little Nemo in Slumberland by Winsor McCay.

As recently as November 20, 2016 the group voted against admitting women. Votes have been taken since the 1970s. Each vote has denied female singers the opportunity to join the group. Women are allowed "show" auditions but are never "tapped" (chosen) for the group. A record number of women turned out for the most recent auditions.[4][5][6] Women have matriculated at Yale since 1969.[7]

"The Whiffenpoof Song"

Whiffenpoofs of 1912 (dressed in tutus) posing with Louie Linder (in tophat), 1912

"The Whiffenpoof Song," the group's traditional closing number, was published in sheet music form in 1909. The chorus is derived from the poem "Gentlemen Rankers" by Rudyard Kipling, which was set to music by Guy H. Scull (Harvard 1898) and adapted with lyrics by Meade Minnigerode (Yale 1910) and George S. Pomeroy (Yale 1910).[1][8]In the lyrics, "Mory's" refers to Mory's Temple Bar, a restaurant adjacent to the campus and especially hospitable to Yale undergraduates (it allowed them credit), and "Louie" to its owner (1898–1912), Louis Linder.[9]

The song has been covered many times. It became a hit for Rudy Vallee in 1937 and later in 1947 for Bing Crosby, credited to Bing Crosby with Fred Waring and The Glee Club (Decca 73940). It has also been recorded by Elvis Presley, Count Basie, Perry Como, the Ames Brothers, the Statler Brothers, and countless others.

The chorus was used in the 1949 movie 12 O'Clock High with Gregory Peck; it can be heard in the background after the unit receives its first unit commendation. It was used in the 1952 movie Monkey Business. When the tune comes on the radio, Cary Grant starts singing it to Marilyn Monroe, who declares it "a silly song". Later Ginger Rogers sings it to Grant and describes it as "our song". And later still, Grant sings it to Rogers when he is locked out of the hotel room. In the 1952 film Road to Bali from Paramount Pictures starring Bob Hope, Bing Crosby and Dorothy Lamour, there's a scene in the beginning where Hope and Crosby find themselves in front of a herd of sheep. They sing the first part of the song's chorus with the special effect sheep "choir" adding the ending "Baa!, Baa!, Baa!" Crosby remarks, "That was helpful, wasn't it?" and Hope retorts, "Fred Waring must have played through here," in reference to Bing's hit single of the tune backed by Waring and his Glee Club.[10]

The melody is the opening theme of the 1975 television series Baa Baa Black Sheep, a fictionalization of the World War II wartime exploits of the United States Marine Corps Marine Fighter Squadron No. 214, forerunner of the Corps's present-day VMA-214 "Black Sheep" Squadron. One of the squadron's real-life members, Paul "Moon" Mullen, adapted "The Whiffenpoof Song" for the squadron's use.[citation needed] The Whiffenpoofs can be heard singing it in the 2006 movie The Good Shepherd, in the scene where Matt Damon's son tells him he wants to join the CIA. In the play Serenading Louie by Lanford Wilson, performed at the Donmar Warehouse in London in 2010, the song is sung by the cast and by Bing Crosby.

Variations

Musical satirist Tom Lehrer spoofed "The Whiffenpoof Song" as part of his song "Bright College Days." Lehrer, an instructor at Yale's traditional rival Harvard University, sings of "glasses raised on high" (at which point he removes his eyeglasses and holds them up) and of drinking a toast "to those we love the best," to rhyme with "we'll pass [which may mean 'pass the final exams' or 'die'] and be forgotten with the rest." He also sings "to the tables down at Mory's, wherever that may be...," evoking a laugh from the Harvard auditorium crowd at the live recording.

In 1973, the Harvard Krokodiloes debuted a spoof, "The Krokenpoof Song," with Harvard-specific lyrics, tongue-in-cheek references, bawdy variations involving references to Whiffenpoofs and sheep, rhymes such as "We'll drink lemonade Drambuie" in place of "We will serenade our Louis," and ending with "Baa, baa, humbug!"

Mad produced parody lyrics of it that were reprinted in the 1973 book The Mad Sampler. Titled "The Hundred-Proofs Song", it suggested that rich students forgot about their studies and resorted to getting drunk at the bar, "...earning the grades we deserve, we know; – F – F – F!"

Louis Armstrong recorded a satirical version of the song, subtitled (or maybe alternatively titled) "The Boppenpoof Song," poking fun at the bebop movement in jazz. His friend Rudy Vallée contributed lyrics to that version.

The introduction and a parody of the first verse are sung by Betty Grable during the graduation scene in How to Be Very, Very Popular (1955).

Emblem

The group adopted the Whiffenpoof emblem in 1912. Depicting a dragon with mint leaves for wings, a horse’s neck, and a swizzle stick for a perch, it was designed by a cartoonist from campus humor magazine The Yale Record.[11]

Cultural references

  • The film From Here to Eternity takes its title from the last line of the Whiffenpoof Song.[citation needed]
  • In the Mel Brooks musical Young Frankenstein, Dr. Frederick Frankenstein states to Igor during the song "Together Again": "I happen to be the dean of anatomy at a world-renowned school of medicine . . . although I do sing a bit and was, in fact, a Whiffenpoof at Yale . . . "[12]
  • In the 1970s television sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show, in the first-season episode, "Just a Lunch", Lou Grant speaks of a philandering newsman's ever-changing marital status with the line, "John and his wife have had more reunions than the Whiffenpoofs."
  • In the 1970s television sitcom Barney Miller, in the fifth-season episode, "The Prisoner", Hal Linden's character Barney quotes the line "Lord, have mercy on such as we," mentioning it is from the Whiffenpoof song.
  • The television show Gilmore Girls mentioned the Whiffenpoofs many times. Richard Gilmore was a Whiffenpoof;[13] a seventh-season episode featured the Whiffenpoofs singing "Living on a Prayer" by Bon Jovi.
  • The Whiffenpoofs are mentioned several times and perform in the "Holy Night" episode of the television program The West Wing. They are also mentioned in Season 1, Episode 2 ("Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc"). CJ comments, "Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc? I'll bet that used to have them rolling in the aisles at the Whiffenpoof dinners."
  • The Whiffenpoofs are mentioned in the young adult Gossip Girl fiction series book, You're the One That I Want. In the book, Serena van der Woodsen meets the Whiffenpoofs on a campus tour and becomes enamored of them, but they're all gay.
  • The character Mark in the 1999 film Trick is revealed to have dated a former Whiffenpoof, leading a spectator to ask, "What the hell is a Whiffenpoof!?"
  • In a 2004 episode of Arthur, the character Dr. Frederique Fugue is revealed to have lip-synched several times while he was a Whiffenpoof.
  • In the 2017 "Caper Chase" episode of The Simpsons, the Whiffenpoofs sing from the Whiffenpoof Song.

Notable members

See also

References

  1. ^ a b The Rev. James M. Howard, Yale Class of 1909, "An Authentic Account of the Founding of the Whiffenpoofs".
  2. ^ a b Brozan, Nancy, "Whiffenpoofs: 'Gentlemen songsters' still," Special to the New York Times. New York Times. (Late Edition (East Coast)). New York, N.Y.: Apr 20, 1987. pg. C.12. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest document ID: 956358391.
  3. ^ Watson, Ben "Music made in England: Mondays at Mory's," Yankee. Dublin: Jul/Aug 2001.Vol.65, Iss. 6; pg. 65. Source type: Periodical. ISSN 0044-0191. ProQuest document ID: 74227092.
  4. ^ [1]
  5. ^ [2]
  6. ^ [3]
  7. ^ [4]
  8. ^ Time, August 2, 1937, "Whiffenpoof Contest".
  9. ^ George Washington Patterson IV, ed., The Class of Nineteen Hundred and Fourteen: Yale College (Yale Univ., 1914) pages 35, 400–403; Robert Kimball, ed., The Complete Lyrics of Cole Porter (NY, Knopf, 1983) page 5.
  10. ^ Bing Crosby discography
  11. ^ http://www.whiffalumni.com/whiffs/reunionmaterials/Reunion%20Program.pdf
  12. ^ Mel Brooks's "Young Frankenstein" Sheet Music collection
  13. ^ "Let the Games Begin"
  14. ^ Doherty, Donna (25 January 2009). "Baa, baa, baa, at 100 Whiffenpoofs sound just as good as ever". New Haven Register. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
  15. ^ Rapkin, Mickey (23 March 2008). "Perfect Tone, in a Minor Key". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
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