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Timeline of Cartagena, Colombia

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century - Colonial era

Part of a series on the
History of Colombia
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Timeline
Pre-Columbian period pre-1499
Spanish colonization 1499–1550
New Kingdom of Granada 1550–1717
Viceroyalty of New Granada 1717–1819
1810–1816
Gran Colombia 1819–1831
Republic of New Granada 1831–1858
Granadine Confederation 1858–1863
United States of Colombia 1863–1886
Republic of Colombia 1886–present
flag Colombia portal

19th century

  • 1809 - 17.600 inhabitants.
  • 1810 - May 22: Cartagena declares independence from Spanish colonial rule.[2]
  • 1811 - Cartagena becomes part of the newly formed United Provinces of New Granada.[9]
  • 1815
    • March: Simón Bolívar blocks Cartagena for two months and takes military weapons in order to recuperate sister city Santa Marta.
    • August: Asedio de Cartagena occurs during the independence war of Colombia, losing 1/3 of the population.
    • Population: 18.708
  • 1816
    • Pablo Morillo returns to Cartagena, in the so-called "reconquest".
    • The nine martyrs are written off by the court-martial, accusing them of betrayal to the Spanish crown.
  • 1821
    • Royalists surrender Cartagena to Simón Bolivar's forces after a 21-month siege.[10]
    • Cartagena becomes capital of the Magdalena department.
  • 1824 - War of independence finishes.
  • 1827 - University of Cartagena established.
  • 1835 - 11.929 inhabitants, population decreased significantly since the independence.
  • 1843 - Bartolomé Calvo Library founded.[citation needed]
    Torre del Reloj (clock tower).
  • 1849
    • Cholera plague hits Cartagena, 1/3 of the population decease.
    • El Porvenir newspaper begins publication.
  • 1850 - La Republica newspaper begins publication.[11]
  • 1857 - The province of Cartagena is designated the name of Bolívar department, in honor to Simón Bolívar.
  • 1870 - El camellón de los Mártires (median strip) built, making a social place for the Cartagenero.
  • 1885 - The ermitage of El cabrero is built by the 4 times president Rafael Nuñez for his wife.
  • 1888 - A republican-style clock tower, Torre del reloj (Cartagena) is built over the entrance of the wall.
  • 1889 - Public Library José Fernandez de Madrid opens.[12]
  • 1891 - El Espinal, El Cabrero, Manga and Pie de La Popa, become townships.
  • 1892 - Dispute on the terrains of La Boquilla.
  • 1894
    • Cartagena's railway inaugurated, connecting the capital of the Bolivar department to the Magdalena river.
    • Muelle de la Machina (dock) inaugurated.[13]
  • 1896 - Bolivar statue erected in Bolívar Park (Cartagena, Colombia) [es].[7]
  • 1898 - After a big depression, economy recuperates. Volume of exportation: 34.653 tons.

20th century - Republican era

  • 1904 - Mercado de Getsemaní (public market building) inaugurated.
  • 1905
    • The wall gate "Paz y progreso" is opened while the controversial "murallicidio".
    • Urbanization in the Manga island starts, it is held by Henrique Luis Román who also built the H.L Román bridge. Connecting Getsemaní and Manga.
    • Population: 9.861
  • 1907 - Bolivar bank building inaugurated.
  • 1909 - Industrial park "El limbo" operates.
  • 1911 - Teatro Heredia [es] and Centenary Park (Cartagena) [es] opens.
  • 1912 - Demographic rate peaks to 3.2% until 1951. Important immigration to the city takes place.
  • 1915 - Chamber of Commerce of Cartagena founded, 150 companies registered.[14]
  • 1918 - Population: 50.000
  • 1920
    • "Compañia Colombiana de Navegación Aerea" (airline) builds an airport in the terrains of Bocagrande.
    • Club Cartagena opens.
  • 1923 - An oil pipeline is built between "Las Infantas" camp in Santander and Cartagena's bay.
  • 1928
  • 1930
    • SCADTA (airline) builds an airfield in the Manzanillo island.
    • The Andean corporation urbanizes Bocagrande's peninsula giving shelter and entertainment to its workers.
  • 1931
  • 1934
    • Port of Cartagena inaugurated.
    • September: Naval base "ARC Bolívar" is inaugurated in Bocagrande.[15]
    • Miss Colombia beauty pageant begins.[16]
  • 1938
  • 1939 - Club de Pesca of Cartagena (fishing club of Cartagena) founded in the Fuerte de San Sebastian del Pastelillo.[17]
  • 1941 - the Caribe Hotel in business.
  • 1947
  • 1948 - El Universal newspaper begins publication.[18]
  • 1951 - Service of Cartagena's railroad is suspended due to navegability through Canal del Dique.
  • 1956 - Cartagena Refinery of oil commissioned.
  • 1958 - Estadio Jaime Morón León (stadium) opens.
  • 1959 - Cartagena's historic center is declared a national monument.
  • 1960 - Cartagena Film Festival begins.
  • 1961
    • Comfenalco (Compensation fund of Cartagena) established.
    • Navy cadet school Almirante Padilla moved to the Manzanillo island.[19]
  • 1965 - Fire destroys the Mercado de Getsemaní (public market).
  • 1967 - Mamonal industrial complex consolidated.
  • 1968 - Santander Avenue inaugurated, an important avenue which rounds the Cartagena wall.
  • 1970 - Universidad Tecnologica de Bolivar first private university in the city, founded.
  • 1974
    • Private-state enterprise Ecopetrol takes the administration of the Cartagena oil refinery.
    • Statue of India Catalina erected in La Matuna.
  • 1977 - New public market Bazurto is built. The building is recognized as architectural heritage of Colombia.
  • 1978 - The semi destroyed Mercado de Getsemaní is finally demolished.[20]
  • 1979 - Centro de conveciones Julio Cesar Turbay Ayala (convention center) starts its construction.
  • 1980
    • Hilton Cartagena inaugurated, becoming the first Hilton Hotel in Colombia.
    • La Vitrola restaurant in business.[21]
  • 1982
  • 1984
  • 1985
  • 1986 - The airport of Crespo is renamed as Rafael Nuñez in tribute to the centenary of the constitution.
  • 1991 - Cartagena is declared touristic and cultural district of Colombia.
  • 1993 - Sociedad Portuaria de Cartagena acquires the administration of Cartagena's port.
  • 1996 - SACSA (airline) acquires the administration of the Rafael Núñez International Airport.
  • 1997 - Jorge Artel Library is opened, it serves to the southwestern districts, the poorest ones.
  • 1999 - The American Hispanic Culture Library opens.

21st century

See also

Other cities in Colombia

References

  1. ^ a b c d http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/hicol/hico6.htm
  2. ^ a b Harvey F. Kline (2012). Historical Dictionary of Colombia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7955-3.
  3. ^ "Northern Andes, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  4. ^ a b Catholic Encyclopedia 1908.
  5. ^ http://www.hotellasamericas.com.co/visita-cartagena/ES/descubre/historia
  6. ^ a b c Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 339, OL 6112221M
  7. ^ a b Gómez 2004.
  8. ^ Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
  9. ^ a b Marley 2005.
  10. ^ Spencer C. Tucker,, ed. (2010). Global chronology of conflict from the ancient world to the modern Middle East. USA: ABC-CLIO. p. 1139. ISBN 9781851096725.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  11. ^ "Cartagena (Colombia) -- Prensa". Biblioteca Virtual (in Spanish). Colombia: Actividad Cultural del Banco de la República. Retrieved January 30, 2015.
  12. ^ a b c http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/modosycostumbres/cartag/cartag0.htm
  13. ^ http://albatros.puertocartagena.com/opadmco.nsf/vstRefLinkDoc/72F387B7240ACAC1052573B5004DC5A3
  14. ^ http://www.cccartagena.org.co/quienessomos.php
  15. ^ http://www.webinfomil.com/2014/09/base-naval-arc-bolivar-cartagena.html
  16. ^ a b Streicker 1997.
  17. ^ http://www.clubdepescadecartagena.com/el-club
  18. ^ "Colombia: Directory". Europa World Year Book 2003. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ http://www.escuelanaval.edu.co/index.php/historial-de-noticias/333-escuela-naval-de-cadetes-almirante-padilla-80-anos-formando-lideres-navales
  20. ^ http://www.eluniversal.com.co/suplementos/dominical/de-getsemani-bazurto
  21. ^ "La Vitrola: El restaurante de Cartagena preferido por los famosos", El Universal (in Spanish), March 28, 2012
  22. ^ http://www.cccaribeplaza.com/conocenos
  23. ^ http://www.eltiempo.com/economia/empresas/centros-comerciales-en-cartagena/14772515
  24. ^ http://www.eltiempo.com/economia/empresas/refineria-de-cartagena/16409666
  25. ^ "Colombia says treasure-laden San Jose galleon found", BBC News, 5 December 2015

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

  • Josiah Conder (1830), "Cartagena", The Modern Traveller, London: J.Duncan {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  • "Cartagena". Commercial Directory of Latin America. Washington DC: Bureau of the American Republics. 1892. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  • M. de Moreira (1908). "Cartagena". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • "Cartagena", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • William Alfred Hirst (1915), "Cartagena", Guide to South America, New York: Macmillan Company {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  • Joel Streicker (1997). "Spatial Reconfigurations, Imagined Geographies, and Social Conflicts in Cartagena, Colombia". Cultural Anthropology. 12. JSTOR 656615.
  • David Marley (2005), "Cartagena", Historic Cities of the Americas, Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1576070271 {{citation}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

in Spanish

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