Totten Glacier
Totten Glacier is a large glacier draining a major portion of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, through the Budd Coast of Wilkes Land in the Australian Antarctic Territory. The catchment drained by the glacier is estimated at 538,000 km^2 (based on [1]), extending approximately 1100 km into the interior and 750 km across. Totten drains northeastward from the continental ice but turns northwestward at the coast where it terminates in a prominent tongue close east of Cape Waldron. It was first delineated from aerial photographs taken by USN Operation Highjump (1946–47), and named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for George M. Totten, midshipman on the USS Vincennes of the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42), who assisted Lt. Charles Wilkes with correction of the survey data obtained by the expedition.
Totten Glacier Tongue (66°35′S 116°5′E / 66.583°S 116.083°E) is a prominent glacier tongue extending seaward from Totten Glacier. Delineated from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47) and named by US-ACAN in association with Totten Glacier. Airborne geophysical surveys of the Glacier between 2008 and 2012 showed that deep warm water can access, melt and thin the underside of the ice tongue, potentially accelerating the glacier.[2]
Melt
Scientists studying the effects of global warming have proposed in 2007 that sea water encroachment in the area could destabilize a significant portion of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.[3][4][5] A study in 2008 concluded that Totten Glacier is currently losing mass.[6] A study published in 2015 concluded that Totten Glacier, has the largest contribution of ice thinning rate on the East Antarctic continent, and that the thinning is driven by enhanced basal melting, because of ocean processes, and affected by polynya activity. Additionally, warm Circumpolar Deep Water, has been observed during summer and winter months at the nearby continental shelf below 400 to 500 meters of cool Antarctic Surface Water.[7]
See also
- Ice stream
- List of glaciers in the Antarctic
- List of Antarctic ice streams
- Retreat of glaciers since 1850
References
- ^ Roberts, Jason; et al. (2011). "Refined broad-scale sub-glacial morphology of Aurora Subglacial Basin and East Antarctica derived by an ice-dynamics-based interpolation scheme". The Cryosphere. 5: 551–560. doi:10.5194/tc-5-551-2011.
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: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Greenbaum, Jamin; et al. (2015). "Ocean access to a cavity beneath Totten Glacier in East Antarctica". Nature Geosciences. doi:10.1038/ngeo2388.
- ^ Pearce, Fred (2007). With Speed and Violence: Why scientists fear tipping points in climate change. Beacon Press Books. ISBN 978-0-8070-8576-9.
- ^ Sumner, Thomas (April 8, 2016). "Changing climate: 10 years after An Inconvenient Truth". Science News. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
- ^ doi:10.1038/ngeo2388
- ^ Rignot, Eric; et al. (2008). "Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling". Nature Geosciences. 1: 106–110. doi:10.1038/ngeo102.
- ^ "Ocean access to a cavity beneath Totten Glacier in East Antarctica". Nature Geoscience. 2012. doi:10.1038/ngeo2388.
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This article incorporates public domain material from "Totten Glacier". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
67°00′S 116°20′E / 67.000°S 116.333°E