User:Bamse/Japanese historical periods
General History
[edit]Lower limit:
- 538: introduction of Buddhism to Japan, traditional date (according to Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu)[1]
- 552: introduction of Buddhism to Japan (according to Nihon Shoki)
- 592: start of official adoption of Buddhism following the assassination of Emperor Sushun by Soga no Umako[1]
Name: after Asuka, Yamato
Nara period
[edit]Lower limit:
- 645: establishment of a centralized government following the Taika Reform[2]
- 708: accession of Empress Gemmei, copper found in japan?
- 710: move of capital from Fujiwara-kyō to Heijō-kyō (Nara)
Name: after the capital which was located at Heijō-kyō (Nara) from 710-740 and again from 745-784
Lower limit:
- 794: capital moved to Heian-kyō[3][4]
- 784: capital moved to Nagaoka-kyō[3]
- 781: accession of Emperor Kammu[3]
- 806: death of Emperor Kammu?
Name: after capital at Heian-kyō (Kyoto)
Lower limit:
- 1180: move of capital to Fukuhara-kyō enforced by Taira no Kiyomori[3]
- 1183: flight of Taira from capital[3]
- 1185: end of Genpei War; most conventional (e.g. Cambridge History of Japan)[3]
- 1192: Minamoto no Yoritomo appointed as shogun[3]
Name: after Kamakura shogunate located in Kamakura
Name: after Muromachi Street in Kyoto where Ashikaga Yoshimitsu established his residence
Lower limit:
- 1573: downfall of Ashikaga clan (in political history)[5]
- 1596: first year of Keichō era (in sword history)[5]
Name: after Azuchi Castle and Momoyama Castle (castles of Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi respectively)
Azuchi period
[edit]Lower limit
- 1569: year after Nobunage occupies Kyoto and initiates period of military consolidation[6]
Momoyama period
[edit]Lower limit
- 1582: death of Nobunaga[6]
Lower limit:
- 1600: decisive victory for the Tokugawa at the Battle of Sekigahara[7]
- 1601: (in political history)[5]
- 1603: Tokugawa Ieyasu becomes shogun[7]
- 1615: last resistance to Tokugawa rule eliminated at Siege of Osaka[7]
- 1616: death of Ieyasu[7]
- 1644: cultural influence of Momoyama period continued until Kan'ei era (in cultural history)[5]
Upper limit:
- 1867: last Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, resigns[7]
- 1868: Meiji Restoration, Tokyo becomes capital[7]
Cultural History
[edit]- Asuka period
- Hakuho period
- Tempyo period
- Jogan period
- Fujiwara period
- Kamakura p.
- Muromachi p.
History of Swords
[edit]- jokotō (上古刀, ancient sword): until mid-Heian period
- kotō (古刀, "old sword"): mid-Heian period to 1596
- shintō (新刀, "new sword"): 1596 to end of 18th century
- shinshintō (新々刀, "new-new sword"): late 18th century to ca. 1876
References
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Brown, Delmer M.; Hall, John Whitney (1993). The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521223522. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
- Deal, William E. (2007) [1973]. Handbook to life in medieval and early modern Japan (illustrated, revised ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195331264. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
- Kleiner, Fred S.; Mamiya, Christin J. (2009-01-05). Gardner's Art Through the Ages: Non-Western Perspectives. Cengage Learning. ISBN 9780495573678. Retrieved 2011-05-23.
- Tsutsui, William M. (2009-07-06). A Companion to Japanese History. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 9781405193399. Retrieved 2011-05-22.