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Lobsters[edit]

Lobsters
Type of site
News aggregator[1]
Available inEnglish
Created byJoshua Stein
URLlobste.rs
CommercialNo
RegistrationInvite-only
Users10,000[2][3]
Launched1 July 2012; 11 years ago (2012-07-01)
Current statusOnline
Written inRuby and JavaScript

Lobsters or Lobste.rs is a social news[1] website mainly focused on computer engineering articles. It is based broadly on the threaded "upvote/downvote" functionality of other sites like Reddit and Hacker News. A number of the site's features are intended to prevent the site from becoming similar to other large social news aggregators: the site is invite-only, makes use of content tags, and requires a user to write an explanation each time they "downvote" a piece of content.[1]

History[edit]

In 2012, Joshua Stein was shadow banned from Hacker News by its administrator, Paul Graham.[4] Stein decided to build an alternative website focused on moderation transparency.[5] Lobsters has an official transparency policy concerning moderator actions that makes all moderator actions public and prohibits shadow banning.[6]

In October 2017, Stein retired from administrating the site. Ownership was transferred to Peter Bhat Harkins, known on Lobsters as pushcx.[7] As of October 2019, Bhat Harkins remains the administrator of the site.

In February 2018, Lobsters helped to sponsor the lobster emoji (🦞) with the Unicode Consortium.[8][9]

Notable features[edit]

Invite tree[edit]

A feature distinguishing Lobsters from other news aggregator websites is that Lobsters requires users to receive an invitation before registering on the website. The website makes use of an invitation tree,[10] where each new user is invited by an existing user, becoming a branch off of the existing user in the tree. The full invitation tree can be viewed on the website.[11] The goal of using an invitation system is to both prevent spam and slow the rate of new users beneath the acculturation rate, preventing an Eternal September[10].

Hats[edit]

Hats are a feature where users who belong to a company, project, or organization may choose to wear a "hat", indicating that they are speaking on behalf of the organization. This allows users to fluidly move between commenting as just another user, to commenting in an official capacity, to commenting as themselves, without changing accounts. Specially colored red hats are worn by members of the Lobsters community that upkeep the site, marked as "Sysop".[12]

Downvote explanations[edit]

Downvote explanations are a way of ensuring that all downvotes are accompanied by feedback that is then shown to the user receiving the downvote.[13] The explanations are intended to discourage users from complaining about downvotes or editing their posts to ask why they were downvoted.

There are several possible justifications that can be given in a downvote explanation: "Off-topic", "Incorrect", "Me-too", "Troll", "Spam".[14]

"Off-topic" downvotes may be given to any post or comment that is viewed by the downvoter as irrelevant to the topic at hand. "Incorrect" downvotes are given for stating information that is incorrect, and cannot be given out for matters of opinion. "Me-too" downvotes are used "when a comment signals agreement to a parent comment or submission without adding significantly to the conversation".[14] "Troll" downvotes are used when the downvoter believes that the downvoted commenter is failing to engage in an honest dialogue, particularly when the comment is intended to provoke or aggravate another user. "Spam" downvotes are used whenever a post or comment is obvious spam.

Moderation log[edit]

Lobsters keeps a moderation log, that reports all moderation actions taken by the community or by specific moderators.[15] The log keeps a record of any user actions that change the features of an account, such as a username change, any actions made by moderators, such as post title changes or bans, and changes made by community vote.

Category tags[edit]

Lobsters has a number of category tags, that are applied to any post that they are relevant to.[1] This allows users to quickly sort out topics that they are especially interested in, or don't want to see, without fragmenting the community between different boards.

Infrastructure[edit]

Lobsters is hosted on a custom open-source software stack built with Ruby On Rails.[16] Originally, Lobsters ran on top of OpenBSD, but during October 2017, it was migrated from OpenBSD to Linux during the handoff to Bhat Harkins.[17][18] The code is hosted on GitHub and is licensed under a permissive license.[19]

Noordwijk Climate conference[edit]

Noordwijk Ministerial conference on climate change

The Ministerial Conference on Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Change was the first major climate conference that took place on the 6th and 7th November of 1989 at the Grand Hotel Huis ter Duin in Noordwijk.[20][21]

Attendees included ministers of


The science advisor of George H.W. Bush, D. Allan Bromley was pressured by White House Chief of Staff John Sununu to convince the other attendees to abandon the commitment to freeze emissions.

Other countries wanted to decide later at what level CO2 should be stabilized in 2000.


In 2019, the conference attracted interest due to a publication in New York Times Magazine by Nathaniel Rich, who subsequently wrote the book Losing Earth as an extension of the article.


[22]

[23]

http://pulitzercenter.org/sites/default/files/losing_earth_full_text_summary_2.pdf

[24]

[25]

https://www.warmetruiendag.nl/wall-of-fame/interviews/ed-nijpels-de-tijd-van-tijdrekken-is-echt-voorbij

ThinkPad 300[edit]

The IBM ThinkPad 300 was the low-end version of the first IBM branded ThinkPad. It was designed and produced by Zenith Data Systems.[26][27]

https://www.theregister.co.uk/Print/2007/07/19/forgotten_tech_ibm_thinkpad/

https://foxtrotalpha.neocities.org/hardware/zenith.html http://oldcomputers.net/ibm-thinkpad.html

IBM ThinkPad 300
ManufacturerIBM
ProcessorIntel 386SL/25 CPU

Specifications[edit]

WD90C24 video controller

Monochrome STN display with 640x480 resolution

It came with 4MiB DRAM, of which 2MiB was soldered on the mainboard. It supported upgrading up to 12MiB.

The harddisk was 80 or 120MB HDD. Due to the standard BIOS limitation, 504MB is the theoretical maximum.


The following ports were available:

  • Serial
  • SCSI
  • LPT
  • VGA

A port replicator could be connected.

A floppy drive could be connected externally.


On-board Ethernet (AAUI connector). Transceiver Options by IBM include 10BASE2 (33G9308) and 10BASE-T (33G9309).

External links[edit]

L40SX[edit]

IBM PS/2 L40SX
Release dateApril 3, 1986; 38 years ago (1986-04-03)
Introductory priceUS$2,000 (equivalent to $5,559 in 2023)
Operating systemIBM PC DOS with custom icon-oriented shell interface
CPUIntel 8088 CPU @ 4.77 MHz
Memory256 kB of RAM (expandable to 640 kB)
StorageDual 720 kB 3.5" floppy drives
DisplayMonochrome CGA-compatible LCD screen.
Graphics80x25 (text), 640x200, and 320x200
PowerBattery: 9.6v/2400mAh (NiCd)
Power supply: 15 VDC, 2.7A.
Mass13 pounds (5.8 kg)
PredecessorIBM Portable Personal Computer
SuccessorThinkPad

TODO fix infobox

https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fthinkwiki.de%2FL40SX

The L40 SX is one of the first laptop-sized computers made by IBM, as part of the IBM PS/2 series.[28] It was produced after the IBM 5160 Convertible and before the PS/Note series.


Specifications[edit]

It had a 50 MHz IBM 486SLC processor, an ISA bus, four PC card slots, and an IDE hard drive interface. It was relatively low-power[29] [30]

http://archive.is/XMjjz

http://archive.is/rS0P3


QRP Transceivers[edit]

The following is a list of QRP operation transceivers.

Name Manufacturer Availability Frequency Range Power (W) Modes AGC RX(mA) TX(mA) Filter Bandwidth(Hz)
K1[31] Elecraft[32] Retired Kit 2- or 4-Band module (HF) 0,1-7W CW yes 55 200-1000 200-800
KX1[33] Elecraft[32] Retired Kit 40/20M + opt. 30/80M 3-5W CW, + SSB/AM RX yes 50 300-600 200-2200
K2[34] Elecraft[32] Kit 80-10M + opt. 160/60M 0,1-15W + opt. 100W CW, SSB, data yes 150 400-1500 200-2800
KX2 Elecraft[32] Assembled 80-10M 12W + opt. 100W SSB, CW, DATA, AM, FM yes 135 400-2000 50-4000
KX3[35] Elecraft[32] Kit / Assembled 160-6M + opt. 2 or 4M 10W + opt. 100W SSB, CW, DATA, AM, FM yes 150 400-2000 50-4000
Yaesu FT-817 Yaesu[36] Commercial All-Band: HF,2m,70 cm 5W SSB, CW, AM, FM, Digital yes 450 2000
IC-703 icom [37] Commercial All-Band: HF 5W SSB, CW, AM, FM, Digital yes


  1. ^ a b c d "About Lobsters". lobste.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  2. ^ "Users".
  3. ^ "Usage statistics".
  4. ^ "Hellbanned from Hacker News".
  5. ^ "Moderation log".
  6. ^ "Transparency Policy".
  7. ^ "Passing the torch".
  8. ^ "Lobster emoji adoption".
  9. ^ "Sponsors of Adopted Characters".
  10. ^ a b "About Lobsters". lobste.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  11. ^ "Users". lobste.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  12. ^ "Hats". lobste.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  13. ^ "About Lobsters". lobste.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  14. ^ a b "DownvoteGuidelines". github.com. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  15. ^ "Moderation log".
  16. ^ "GitHub repository". Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  17. ^ "What kind of hardware/cloud does lobste.rs run on?". Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  18. ^ "GitHub repository". Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  19. ^ "Lobsters License". Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  20. ^ Nuccitelli, Dana (2018-08-06). "The GOP and Big Oil can't escape blame for climate change | Dana Nuccitelli". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  21. ^ Duintjer Tebbens, Marijn; van Hest, Renee; Vernhout, Bram (Nov 8, 2019). "Hoe het redden van de aarde strandde in Noordwijk aan Zee". Nieuwsuur.
  22. ^ "'Losing Earth' Explores How Oil Industry Played Politics With The Planet's Fate". NPR.org. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  23. ^ "Climate Change Fact Sheet 218". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  24. ^ Rich, Nathaniel (2018-08-01). "Losing Earth: The Decade We Almost Stopped Climate Change". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  25. ^ "Milieutop eindigt in wazige uitspraken - Digibron.nl". www.digibron.nl (in Dutch). 1989-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  26. ^ Mcwilliams, Gary (July 5, 1993). "Can Zenith Data Climb Back From The Depths?". Bloomberg.
  27. ^ A. Dell, Deborah (1999). Thinkpad: A Different Shade of Blue. Sams. ISBN 978-0672317569.
  28. ^ Lewis, Peter H. (1991-03-26). "PERSONAL COMPUTERS; I.B.M.'s 7-Pound Laptop". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
  29. ^ "IBM Laptop L40SX - RICM". www.ricomputermuseum.org. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
  30. ^ Jones, Dave. "EEVblog #639 - IBM L40SX Retro Laptop Teardown". EEVBlog. {{cite web}}: Check |first= value (help)
  31. ^ K1 Homepage: http://www.elecraft.com/k1_page.htm
  32. ^ a b c d e Elecraft: http://www.elecraft.com
  33. ^ KX1 Homepage: http://www.elecraft.com/KX1/KX1.htm
  34. ^ K2 Homepage: http://www.elecraft.com/k2_page.htm
  35. ^ KX3 Homepage: http://www.elecraft.com/KX3/kx3.htm
  36. ^ Yaesu: http://yaesu.com
  37. ^ iCom: http://www.icomeurope.com
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